1、第二部分 专题十一即学巩固.单句语法填空 导 学 号 424928831(2015北京，33 改编)I truly believe_that_beauty comes from within.解析：考查名词性从句引导词。从句部分不缺少任何成分也不缺意思。因此用只起连接作用的 that。2(2015陕西，19 改编)Reading her biography，I was lost in admiration for _what_Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.解析：考查宾语从句中引导词的选择。分析 语境可知，此 处 是介词 for 后接了宾语从句
2、。从句中缺少 achieved 的宾语，故要用 what 来引导。句意： 读 她的传记，我对多丽丝莱辛在文学上所取得的成就钦佩不已。3(2015安徽，25 改编)A ship in harbor is safe，but thats not _what_ ships are built for.解析：what 引导表语从句，在从句中作介词 for 的宾语。句意：船停泊在港口里是安全的，但那可不是造船的目的。4(2015浙江，6 改编)If you swim in a river or lake，be sure to investigate _what_ is below the water su
3、rface.Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water.解析：investigate 后面是宾语从句，从句中缺主 语，故用 what。句意：如果你在河里或湖里游泳，一定要调查一下水面下的 东西。 经常会有石头或树 枝藏在水中。5(2016南昌十所重点中学交流试卷)The family was rather poor but the honest man decided to give the bag to its owner. He gave it back to Sam and asked him to check_whethe
4、r/if_the bag had 50 gold coins.解析：句意：他把包还给了 Sam，请他检查包内是否有 50 个金币。6(2016潍坊高考模拟)He has heart disease.That is_because_he has been smoking too much.解析：句意：他有心脏病，这是由于他一直吸烟造成的。7(2016大庆质量检测二)People who visited me used to ask me_how_I could sleep.“Doesnt the sound of the traffic bother you？How can you get us
5、ed to so much noise？”解析：句意：来看我的人过去常常问我怎么能睡得着。8We know from the survey on cigarettes _that_ warning messages on product containers and in ads can affect consumption of potentially dangerous products.解析：句意为：我们从关于香烟的调查了解到，在 产品包装盒上和广告中的警告信息能够影响潜在的危险产品的消费。 know 后的宾语从句结构完整，因此用从属连词 that 引导。9Following the d
6、ecline in house prices in many small and mediumsized cities, there are now signs _that_ house prices in major cities may also be set for a slide.解析：句意为：随着中小型城市房价的下跌，现在有迹象表明在大城市房价也可能有下滑的趋势。signs 后是同位语从句，从句 结构和意义完整，用从属连词 that 引导。10Tens of thousands of people marched to the Martin Luther King Jr. Memor
7、ial, celebrating the 50th anniversary of Kings famous speech, through which we know _what_ he said meant to the black.解析：句意为：数以万计的人奔向马丁路德 金纪念碑， 庆 祝他的那次著名的演讲发表50 周年。通过这个演讲，我们知道他所说的对于黑人的意 义。 设空处引导宾语从句，并在从句中作宾语，指“他所说的话” ，故填 what。11New plans for the college entrance examination in Zhejiang are _that_ st
8、udents have to be tested on Chinese, math, English and another three subjects as they prefer.解析：句意为：浙江的高考新计划是考生必须参加语文、数学、英语和他们喜欢的其他三科的考试。设空处引导表语从句，从句中不缺成分和意义，故用 that 引导。12There is a strong possibility _that_ man will mainly depend on solar energy in the future.解析：句意为：人类在将来主要依靠太阳能是非常有可能的。 设空后的从句句子结构完
9、整，不缺少成分，且是对 possibility 的进一步解释、说明，故设空处引导同位语从句，故填that。13(2014湖南，24 改编)As John Lennon once said, life is _what_ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.解析：句意为：正如约翰列侬 曾经所说，生活就是在你忙于制订其他计划的时候发生在你身上的事情。设空处引导表 语从句并在从句中充当主语 ，故填 what。14(2014陕西，15 改编)_ When_ the delayed flight will take off depen
10、ds much on the weather.解析：句意为：延误的航班将何时起飞主要取决于天气。分析句子结构可知， depends much on 是句子的 谓语，_ the delayed flight will take off 是句子的主语，设空处引导主语从句。根据句意，设空处在主 语从句中作时间状语，故填 when。15_That_mathematics is one of the most useful sections in human knowledge is widely accepted.解析：句意为：人们普遍认为数学是人类知识中最有用的部分之一。设空处引导主语从句且从句中不
11、缺任何成分，故用 that 引导。16The bride and groom gave _whoever_ attended their wedding some gifts to share their happiness.解析：句意为：新娘和新郎给每个参加他们婚礼的人都送了礼物，来分享他 们的幸福。 设空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作主 语，意思是 “凡是的人 ”，相当于 anyone who，故用whoever。17I couldnt imagine _how_difficult it was for these badly injured victims to make it to the
12、 hospital.解析：句意为：我无法想像这些严重受伤的受害者能成功到达医院该有多么困难。设空处引导宾语从句，空后是形容 词 difficult，应该用 how 修饰 ，how difficult it was 意为“这是多么困难” 。18(2014四川，2 改编)Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “Thats _where_ I was born.”解析：句意为：“那就是我出生的地方， ”奶奶指着那家医院 对我说。前面提到了医院，所以设空处应该是表地点，故用 where 引导该表语从句，并在从句中作地点状语。19(2014北京，33 改编)
13、Some people believe_whatever_has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.解析：句意为：一些人认为，无 论是曾经发生过的事情还是 现在正在发生的事情，都会在将来重演。从句中缺少主语，且表示“无论的事情” ，故填 whatever。20(2014重庆，12 改编) Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?Yeah, but I have no idea_why_he di
14、d it; thats one of his favorite universities.解析：句意为：迈克昨天真的拒绝了耶鲁大学的录取吗？是的，可我不知道他为什么那么做；那是他最喜欢的大学之一。 设空处引导同位 语从句，用于解 释说明 idea 的内容；从句中缺少状语，根据句意此 处表示原因，故用 why 引导 。.语法填空 导 学 号 42492884在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词 )或括号内单词的正确形式。I like reading very much. My classmates question is _1.when_ I began to love reading. Actu
15、ally, I love reading as a child. I grew up in a college town and I spent all my summer vacations in this university. What I meant was _2.that_ I was surrounded by libraries and the people who loved to read. _3.That_ I went to the library to read every day was one of my favorite hobbies. My love of r
16、eading was credited with the fact _4.that_ my parents only let me watch an hour of TV a day. I learned to entertain myself through my mind and imagination. Its not really surprising _5.that_ literature became my vocation.Recently I have been reading a lot of multicultural womens legends. Jane Goodal
17、l went to Africa and studied chimps instead of going to university. _6.Whether_ there are some connections between chimps and human beings puzzles me a lot. Thanks to Jane Goodall, her research showed me the answer. She argued _7.that_ wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for enterta
18、inment. After finishing her story, I still have some doubts _8.how_ she could achieve great success on her own in the forest. Lin Qiaozhi, a doctor, became a specialist in womens illnesses. She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children. _9.What_ made her succeed later on wa
19、s the kindness and consideration she showed to all her patients. _10.Why_ she didnt choose to have a family of her own is clear to me now.单句改错 导 学 号 424928851I didnt know what one to buy because these books were all useful to me.答案：whatwhich 此处表示“不知道该买哪一个”意义，故“疑问词不定式”结构中的疑问词应用 which。2You want to kno
20、w that everthing is going in our school.答案：thathow 宾语从句的引导词在从句中作状语，表示 go 的程度，表示 “我们学校的情况如何” ，故用 how。3The problem is what the “Play” doesnt work at all.答案：whatthat 表语从句的引 导词在从句中不作成分，而且不表示意义，故用that。what 在名词性从句中需要作主 语、 宾语等。4There is no doubt whether I will achieve great progress in English learning wit
21、h your assistance.答案：whetherthat 否定句或疑问句中 doubt 后的从句用 that 引导，肯定句 doubt 后的从句用 whether/if 引导。There is no doubt that.“毫无疑问” 。5At that time, I just wondered that my mother was so delighted.答案：thatwhy 根据 wonder 判断，引 导词表示“为什么”意义，故用 why。句子表示“我不明白为什么妈妈那么高兴” 。6Which is worse, they spat and even threw rubbis
22、h into the lake.答案：WhichWhat What is worse 是固定用法，意 为“更糟糕的是 ”。7I went up and asked what I could help them.答案：whatif/whether 宾语从句的引导词不需要在从句中作成分，再根据 ask 判断句子的引导词表示疑问意义，故 应为 if/whether。8As is known to all that millions of graduates crowded into the job market each year.答案：AsIt 本句是一个 it 作形式主语，that 引导的从句作
23、真正主语的句子，故改为it。如果用 as，则为 As is known to all, millions of graduates.。9That you should learn is how to write down the most important words, not the whole sentence.答案：That What 主语从句的引导词需要在从句中作 learn 的宾语，故用 what。10The main reason for this was because my mother didnt know how to cook anything when she got married.答案：becausethat was 后是表语从句且从句中不缺少成分，故用 that 引导。
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