1、第2课时等差数列的性质一、选择题1在等差数列an中,a2a46,则a1a2a3a4a5等于()A30 B15 C5 D10答案B解析在等差数列an中,a2a46,a33,a1a2a3a4a55a315.故选B.2设数列an,bn都是等差数列,且a125,b175,a2b2100,则a37b37等于()A0 B37 C100 D37答案C解析a1b1100a2b2,anbn是常数列,a37b37100.3等差数列an中,若a3a4a5a6a7450,则a2a8的值等于()A45 B75 C180 D300答案C解析a3a4a5a6a7(a3a7)(a4a6)a55a5450,a590.a2a82
2、a5180.4已知等差数列an的公差为d(d0),且a3a6a10a1332,若am8,则m的值为()A12 B8 C6 D4答案B解析由等差数列的性质,得a3a6a10a13(a3a13)(a6a10)2a82a84a832,a88,又d0,m8.5在等差数列an中,若a2a4a6a8a1080,则a7a8的值为()A4 B6 C8 D10答案C解析a2a4a6a8a105a680,a616,a7a8(2a7a8)(a6a8a8)a68.6若a,b,c成等差数列,则二次函数yax22bxc的图像与x轴的交点的个数为()A0 B1C2 D1或2答案D解析a,b,c成等差数列,2bac,4b24
3、ac(ac)24ac(ac)20.二次函数yax22bxc的图像与x轴的交点个数为1或2.7数列an满足3anan1且a2a4a69,则log6(a5a7a9)的值是()A2 B C2 D.答案C解析an1an3,an为等差数列,且d3.a2a4a693a4,a43,a5a7a93a73(a43d)3(333)36,log6(a5a7a9)log6362.8若方程(x22xm)(x22xn)0的四个根组成一个首项为的等差数列,则|mn|等于()A1 B. C. D.答案C解析设方程的四个根a1,a2,a3,a4依次成等差数列,则a1a4a2a32,再设此等差数列的公差为d,则2a13d2,a1
4、,d,a2,a31,a4,|mn|a1a4a2a3|.二、填空题9在等差数列an中,已知a12a8a1596,则2a9a10_.答案24解析a12a8a154a896,a824.2a9a10a10a8a10a824.10已知等差数列an中,a5,a13是方程x26x10的两根,则a7a8a9a10a11_.答案15解析由已知得a5a136,所以a7a8a9a10a11(a7a11)(a8a10)2.5(a5a13)15.11若三个数成等差数列,它们的和为9,平方和为59,则这三个数的积为_答案21解析设这三个数为ad,a,ad,则解得或这三个数为1,3,7或7,3,1.这三个数的积为21.三、
5、解答题12在等差数列an中,(1)已知a2a3a23a2448,求a13;(2)已知a2a3a4a534,a2a552,求公差d.解方法一(1)直接化成a1和d的方程如下:(a1d)(a12d)(a122d)(a123d)48,即4(a112d)48,4a1348,a1312.(2)直接化成a1和d的方程组如下:解得或d3或3.方法二(1)根据已知条件a2a3a23a2448,得4a1348,a1312.(2)由a2a3a4a534,得2(a2a5)34,即a2a517,解得或d3或d3.13已知an为等差数列,且a1a3a518,a2a4a624.(1)求a20的值;(2)若bnan,试判断
6、数列bn从哪一项开始大于0.解(1)因为a1a3a518,a2a4a624,所以a36,a48,则公差d2,所以a20a317d40.(2)由(1)得ana3(n3)d6(n3)22n,所以bn2n3n.由bn0,即3n0,得n,所以数列bn从第7项开始大于0.14若等差数列an满足an1an4n3,则an的通项公式为_答案an2n解析由题意得an1an4n3,an2an14n1,得an2an4.an是等差数列,设公差为d,d2.a1a21,a1a1d1,a1.an2n.15正项数列an中,a11,an1an.(1)数列是否为等差数列?说明理由;(2)求an.解(1)数列是等差数列,理由如下:an1an,an1an,an是正项数列,0,1,是等差数列,公差为1.(2)由(1)知,是等差数列,且d1,(n1)d1(n1)1n,ann2(nN)