1、2020年高考英语模拟卷（新课标卷）04（考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：120分）注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A Listed below are some o
2、f the classic local hiking challenges. Most of these hikes are along the Long Trail (路径),the oldest long-distance hiking trail in the United States: initiated in 1910.SUNSET LEDGE 2924 2.2 MILESPerfect for kids.Popular! Park at the lop of Lincoln Gap and head south on the long Trail. Views over Addi
3、son County to Lake Champlain and the Adirondack range. About an hour round trip, plus the time you spend enjoying the view.GENERAL STARK 3662' 3.2 MIlESA local's favorite with fantastic views.Start from the App Gap and head South on the long Trail up steep Stark's Wall all and foll
4、ow the Long Trail to the Stark's Nest Shelter at the top of the Single Chair. Or start from the Mad River Glen ski area and hike the service roads up to the same spot. About 3 hours round trip.CAMEL'S HUMP 4080' 7.4 MILESThis most challenging 7.4 miles round trip hike takes you abo
5、ve the trees to Vermont's highest undeveloped peak. Spectacular views and an unparalleled feeling of accomplishment. Budget 5 hours. About a 40 minutes drive from the Mad River Valley to railhead either in Duxbury or in Huntington.MT.ABRAHAM 4000' 5.2 MILESThis is a 4-hour hike if you
6、are a normal human being and the views are spectacular. Mt.Abr is one of Vermont's 5 peaks over 4000, with 360 panoramic views. Part of the Monroe Skyline Park at Lincoln Gap and head North on the Long Trail. If you hike in the summer, hike down Upper Jester and ride the Super Bravo chair to Sug
7、arbush base area.TO ENSURE A GREAT HIKE These hikes are challenging: do not underestimate the journey. Be prepared. Always bring a good, printed trail map; Map Adventures is the best (at The Tempest Bookshop or local gear shops). Trail markers are not always visible and estimated hiking time is base
8、d on fit individuals. Always wear hiking shoes, carry a backpack with more water than you think you will need, some calorie-rich foods, and a flashlight; bring an extra layer for warmth or rain. Sunscreen might be a good idea depending on the season.1. Which trail are professional hikers most likely
9、 to go to?A. Sunset LedgeB. General StarkC. Camel's HumpD. Mt.Abraham2. Before these hikes, you should_.A. go to a local gear shop.B. bring extra clothes in case.C. invite a friend to go with you.D. wear more sunscreen than necessary.3. What do these hikes have in common?A. A Journey along the L
10、ong Trail.B. Magnificent views.C. A more than 3 hours' trip.D. A kids-friendly trail.【答案】1. C2. B3. B【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了几条美国经典的徒步旅行路线。1. 推理判断题。 CAMEL'S HUMP 4080' 7.4 MILES这一段中的This most challenging 7.4 miles round trip hike.（这是最具挑战性的7.4英里的往返远足）可知，这条路线对于徒步远足者是最具挑战性的，会欣赏到美景还有成就感，专业的徒
11、步旅行者最可能选择这条路线。故选C项。2. 细节理解題。文章最后一段提到要确保远足顺利，应该作好准备，除了带路线相关的地图、穿登山鞋、背背包、更多的水、卡路里丰富的食物、手电筒、防晒霜外，还提到bring an extra layer for warmth or rain可知，需要带额外的外面穿的衣服以保暖或以防下雨。故选B项。3. 细节理解题。在SUNSET LEDGE 2924 2.2 MILES中提到Views over Addison County to Lake Champlain and the Adirondack range.（从Addison County到Lake Cham
12、plain 和 the Adirondack的景色是多样的）；在GENERAL STARK 3662' 3.2 MIlES中提到local's favorite with fantastic views（本地人最喜欢的景色）；在MT. ABRAHAM 4000' 5.2 MILES中提到the views are spectacular（风景是壮观的），可以看出这些线路的共同特点是风景优美。故选B项。BOn November 7, Lewis Pugh completed a one-kilometer swim in the freezing
13、waters of King Edward Cove, off South Georgia in Antarctica. He was wearing only his swimming glasses, cap and speedos!Pugh is an advocate for our oceans and seas, working to protect these ecosystem with their large diversity of marine life. When asked why he doesnt wear a wetsuit, Lewis says, “I as
14、k world leaders to do everything they can to protect our oceans. Sometimes the steps they need to take are difficult and unpopular. If Im asking them to be courageous, I must also be. Swimming in a wetsuit would not send the right message.”It took Pugh about 19 minutes to complete the one-kilometer
15、swim in Antarctica where the water averaged about 1.6 degrees Celsius . He says that his body can only tolerate about 20 minutes in the freezing waters before it starts shutting down. As he swims, his body temperature steadily drops, which in turn causes his muscle control to drop, slowing him down.
16、 When he is done with his swim, his support team rushes him to a hot shower and it takes almost an hour for his body temperature to return to normal.Doctors and Pugh caution that one must receive months of training to swim in such cold waters. Even expert swimmers who are unused to freezing water ca
17、n drown within minutes because of the physical shock experienced by the body. Pugh says he trained for six months before this swim.This is not the first time that Lewis has swum in dangerous conditions. In 2007, he swam one kilometer in the North Pole to draw attention to the melting Arctic ice due
18、to climate change. In 2015, he swam in the Bay of Whales in Antarcticas Ross Sea as part of his successful campaign to help set up a marine reserve there.4. Why did Lewis Pugh swim without a wetsuit?A. To swim faster.B. To show his bravery.C. To build up his body.D. To win public attention.5. What d
19、oes the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. His body.B. The water.C. His body temperature.D. The water temperature.6. Whats Pughs advice about swimming in freezing waters?A. One must be fully prepared.B. One should be expert at swimming.C. One should be ready to take on challenges.D. One
20、 must be used to long-distance swimming.7. What may be the best title for the text?A. Lewis Pugh: swimming for a causeB. How to survive a swim in cold watersC. How to prepare for extreme swimmingD. Lewis Pugh: achieving the impossible【答案】4. B5. A6. A7. A 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Lewis Pugh为了呼吁政府采取措
21、施保护海洋而在南极海洋水温很低的情况下，不穿防寒泳衣游泳的勇敢事迹。4. 细节理解题。根据第二段的I ask world leaders to do everything they can to protect our oceans. Sometimes the steps they need to take are difficult and unpopular. If Im asking them to be courageous, I must also be. Swimming in a wetsuit would not send the right message.可知，他不穿防寒
22、泳衣的原因是展示他的勇敢，故选B。5. 词义猜测题。此题要结合上文语境He says that his body can only tolerate about 20 minutes in the freezing waters before可知他在冰水里游泳身体只能忍受20分钟，下文中提到他游泳时体温在慢慢下降，肌肉控制力也在下降，可推测出此处的it指的是his body，故选A。6. 细节理解题。根据第四段的Doctors and Pugh caution that one must receive months of training to swim in such cold water
23、s.可知，一个人要想在冰冷的水里游泳必须得训练很长时间才可以，即要做足准备工作才行，故选A。7. 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述的是Pugh为保护海洋而在极寒的水里游泳，他用行动去展示他保护海洋的决心和勇气，由此可知A项是最佳标题。CAttending college can be expensive, and applying to college can be costly as well. With todays college application fees averaging around $ 80, you can expect to spend hundreds of dollars
24、 on college before you are even accepted into a school.One of the easiest ways to save money on college application fees before you begin applying is to narrow down your list of schools. To save money, try to limit the schools to which you apply to about 2-3 reach schools and 2-3 safety schools.At s
25、ome schools, being a relative of a graduate can secure you a free application. If you are applying to a school where one of your parents or grandparents is a former graduate, check to see if you re qualified for it.Research the preferred method of applying for each school on your list. Some schools
26、offer free online applications, yet charge a fee for paper submissions. This is because online applications save schools the cost of employing a staff member to physically enter the application information.Several states, such as Michigan and North Carolina, take part in College Application Week, wh
27、ere many schools in the participating states cancel their application fee for the week. Be sure to contact the schools to I j which you are applying to see if they participate in College Application Week and when the program takes place in that state.Apply for early admission. If you have already de
28、cided on which college is your top choice, consider applying under an Early Action or Early Decision admission program. If you are accepted, you wont have to submit application fees to other schools.For more information regarding college applications and the fees associated with them, contact your h
29、igh I school advisor or the admissions department at your school(s) of interest.8. The passage is mainly written to_.A. introduce famous universities in the United StalesB. show some practical ways to apply an ideal collegeC. advertise for successful applications and advisorsD. offer tips to save mo
30、ney on college application fees9. What does the author advise to do in the second paragraph?A. Write down your favorite universities.B. Reduce the number of your university choices.C. Apply to two universities each time.D. Mind your safety when applying to college.10. Some schools offer free online
31、application to_,A. receive fees faster than beforeB. employ someone else to workC. cut down the cost of employmentD. enter the application information11. It can be known from the passage that_,A. application fee might be canceled conditionallyB. many countries attend College Application WeekC. apply
32、ing for early admission is the best policyD. admission departments determine your future【答案】8. D9. B10. C11. A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍一些方法节省申请大学的相关费用。8. 推理判断题。由第二段到第六段“One of the easiest ways to save money on college application fees before you begin applying is to narrow down your list of schools. At som
33、e schools, being a relative of a graduate can secure you a free application. Research the preferred method of applying for each school on your list. Several states, such as Michigan and North Carolina, take part in College Application Week, where many schools in the participating states cancel their
34、 application fee for the week. Apply for early admission ”可知，在你开始申请之前，节省大学申请费用最简单的方法之一就是缩小你申请的学校范围。在一些学校，成为毕业生的亲戚可以让你免费申请。研究申请名单上每所学校的首选方法。一些州，如密歇根州和北卡罗莱纳州，参加了大学申请周，参加申请周的许多学校会取消他们的申请费用。申请提早入学。所以本文旨在介绍一些方法节省申请大学的相关费用，故选D.。9. 细节理解题。由第二段的One of the easiest ways to save money on college application fee
35、s before you begin applying is to narrow down your list of schools可知，在你开始申请之前，节省大学申请费用最简单的方法之一就是缩小你的学校范围。所以作者建议缩减申请学校。故选B.10. 细节理解题。由第4段“This is because online applications save schools the cost of employing a staff member to physically enter the application information.”可知，这是因为在线申请为学校节省了雇佣职员来输入信息的费
36、用。所以一些学校提供免费的网上申请，以降低雇佣成本。故选C。11. 推理判断题。由第二段到第六段“One of the easiest ways to save money on college application fees before you begin applying is to narrow down your list of schools. At some schools, being a relative of a graduate can secure you a free application. Research the preferred method of app
37、lying for each school on your list. Several states, such as Michigan and North Carolina, take part in College Application Week, where many schools in the participating states cancel their application fee for the week. Apply for early admission ”可知，在你开始申请之前，节省大学申请费用最简单的方法之一就是缩小你申请的学校范围。在一些学校，成为毕业生的亲戚
38、可以让你免费申请。研究申请名单上每所学校的首选方法。一些州，如密歇根州和北卡罗莱纳州，参加了大学申请周，参加申请周的许多学校会取消他们的申请费用。申请提早入学。所以本文介绍了一些方法节省申请大学的相关费用，故申报费用“在某些条件”是不用交的。故选A。DA typical child plays many roles, such as friend, neighbor, son or daughter. Simply reminding children of that fact can lead to better problem-solving and more flexible think
39、ing, according to new research from Duke University.Better problem-solving was just one positive finding of the study, said lead author Sarah Gaither, an assistant professor of psychology and neuroscience at Duke. After thinking about their own various identities, children also showed more flexible
40、thinking about race and other social groupingsa behavior that could be valuable in an increasingly diverse society.In a series of experiments, Gaither and her colleagues looked at 196 children, ages 6 and 7. In an experiment, one group of children was reminded that they had various identities，such a
41、s son，daughter, reader or helper. A second group of children was reminded of their multiple physical attributes，such as a mouth，arms and legs. All the children then needed to handle a few tasksChildren who were reminded of their various identities showed stronger problem-solving and creative thinkin
42、g skills. When shown pictures of a bear staring at honey-filled beehive(蜂窝)high up in a tree，these children had more creative ideas for how the bear might get the honey, such as turning over a bowl so that it became a stool(凳子). In other words, they saw a new use for the bowl. Children who were remi
43、nded of their multiple roles also showed more flexible thinking about social groupings. When asked to categorize different photos of faces, they suggested many ways to Spso. They identified smiling faces such as unsmiling ones, and old and young faces. The other children，meanwhile, primarily grouped
44、 peoples faces by race and gender(性别).The-study suggests ways to promote flexible thinking for the young, which could be especially valuable for teachers." Gaither said.“We have this tendency in our society to only think about ourselves in connection with one important group at a time，” Gaither
45、 said. “When kids think that they have various identities，they show greater abilities. 12. What are all the kids asked to do in the experiments?A. Play different kinds of roles.B. Remind others of their roles.C. Approach several tasks.D. Classify a group of tasks.13. How does the author mainly clari
46、fy the conclusions of the study in paragraph 4?A. By giving examples.B. By using experts words.C. By listing a few figures.D. By showing cause and effect.14. What can we learn from Sarah Gaithers words?A. Improving 5 kids flexible thinking ability is important teaching.B. Kids tend to behave selfles
47、sly after thinking about their roles.C. Kids creative thinking ability is easy to discover and develop.D. Teachers are supposed to make the most of the kids flexibility.15. What is the best title for the text?A. Kids' Social Abilities Are Consistent with. Their EducationB. Considering Their Vari
48、ous Roles Improves Kids AbilitiesC. Kids Have a Variety of Identities in Their Daily Life.D. Problem-solving Ability Is Necessary for Most Kids.【答案】12. C13. A14. A15. B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了让孩子知道自己有不同的角色可以提高孩子解决问题的能力和创造性思维能力。12. 细节理解题。根据第三段“All the children then needed to handle a few tasks. ”
49、可知，所有的孩子都被要求处理一些任务。故选C项。13. 推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可推断，第四段主要使用了两个例子来阐明实验得出的结论。故选A项。14. 细节理解题。根据第五段“The study suggests simple ways to promote flexible thinking for the young,which could be especially valuable for teachers,，Gather sad. ”可知,提高孩子的灵活思维的方法对于老师是有价值的。 由此可推断,提高孩子的灵活性思维能力 在教育中是很重要的事。故选A项。15. 标题判断题。文章主要介绍了孩子考虑自己的不同的角色可以提高孩子解决问题的能力和创造性思维能力。B项“Considering Their Various Roles Improves Kids Abilities” 了解他们的不同角色可
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