1、情态动词和虚拟语气情态动词和虚拟语气 1The movie couldnt be more boring.I wish I _ to it. Ahad not been Bhave not been Cdid not go Dhave not gone 【答案】A 【解析】句意为：这部电影无聊透了。我希望我没有去看它。wish 后的宾语从句表示对过去事情的虚 拟，故谓语动词用过去完成时，选 A。 2What does the sign over there read? “No person _ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette or pipe in this
2、 restaurant.” Awill Bshall Cneed Dmust 【答案】B 【解析】句意为：那边的牌子上写着什么？“任何人不得在本餐厅吸烟或手持点燃的香烟或烟 斗。” shall 在此处表示“规定”。 3Can I go now，sir? If you _ leave，do it quietly. Ashould Bmust Cshall Dmay 【答案】B 【解析】句意为：我现在可以走吗，先生？如果你非要离开，悄悄地走。must 偏要，非得。 4If I _ time，I would certainly go to the movies with you，but I have
3、 a lot of work to do. Ahad Bhave Cwill have Dhad had 【答案】A 【解析】句意为：如果我有时间的话，我肯定会和你一起去看电影，但是我有很多工作要做。对现在 情况的虚拟，条件句谓语动词需用动词的过去式，故选 A。 5_ the rain stop，the crops would be saved. AWill BWould CShould DHad 【答案】C 【解析】句意为：如果雨停了的话，庄稼将会得救。表示对将来情况的假设，可用“should动词原形”。 从句为省略 if 将 should 提前构成的倒装。 6Im afraid there
4、s no good news for you，Tom.Shall I tell your parents or shall I just let them know nothing about the result of this exam? Id rather they _ know，sir. Adont Bwont Cdidnt Dnot 【答案】C 【解析】句意为：恐怕你没有什么好消息，汤姆。我是应该告诉你的父母还是让他们对这次考试 的结果一无所知呢？我宁愿他们不知道，老师。would rather 后跟从句时，从句用虚拟语气，表示与将 来相反的愿望，动词用过去时。 7Im sorry.
5、_ for my illness，I would have come and lent you a helping hand. AWere it not BIf it were not CHad it not been DIf it has not been 【答案】C 【解析】句意为：我很抱歉。要不是我病了，我会来帮你一把的。从句为省略 if 的部分倒装结构，由 主句中的 would have come 以及句意可知，这里是对过去情况的假设，故选 C。 8 The new supermarket has announced that the first to purchase goods o
6、n the opening day _ get a big prize. Amust Bshall Cwould Dcould 【答案】B 【解析】句意为：这家新开的超市宣布，第一个在开张那天购买商品的人将获得一个大奖。shall 在此 处表示“许诺”。 9I phoned you yesterday morning.A girl answered，but I didnt recognize the voice. Oh，it _ my younger sister.She was in my room at that moment. Amust have been Bshould have b
7、een Ccould have been Dmay have been 【答案】A 【解析】句意为：我昨天早上给你打电话了。接电话的是一个女孩子，但我没有听出是谁的声音。 哦，一定是我妹妹。当时她在我的房间里。表示对过去的肯定性推测，用“musthave done”结构。 10Visit the old man this afternoon？If you _，make sure you wear sunscreens to protect your skin. Amust Bcan Cmay Dshall 【答案】A 【解析】句意为：今天下午去拜访那位老人？如果你一定要去的话，一定要涂上防晒霜
8、来保护你的皮 肤。此处 must 表示“偏要，非得，硬要”。 11Its no use envying others success.Its time you _ hard. Amust work Bwere to work Cwork Dshould work 【答案】D 【解析】句意为：嫉妒别人的成功是没有用的，是该你努力工作的时候了。在 Its time (that)句式中， 从句的谓语用动词的过去式或“should动词原形”(should 不能省略)。故选 D。 12I think Ill give Bob a ring. You _.You havent been in touch
9、with him for ages. Ashould Bwill Cmay Dhave to 【答案】A 【解析】should 应该；will 会；may 也许；have to 不得不。根据下句“You havent been in touch with him for ages.”可知此处表达的是“应该”，故选 A。 13Why didnt you call me? Oh，my cell-phone ran out of power，otherwise I_ you. Awould call Bhad called Ccalled Dwould have called 【答案】D 【解析】英
10、语中当表示条件时没有连词 if，而是用 otherwise、or、but、but for 等形式来表达，这种类 型的虚拟语气被称之为含蓄的虚拟条件句。 本题中 otherwise 表示“否则”， 相当于一个虚拟条件句。 由“ran out of power”可知，这是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟，所以用“would/should/could/mighthave done”，故选 D。 14Your mother_have fallen asleep.You were making so much noise so late in the yard then！ Amustnt Bcant Cmigh
11、tnt Dshouldnt 【答案】B 【解析】mustnt 禁止；cant 不可能；mightnt 可能没；shouldnt 不应该。根据句意“你妈妈不可能睡着 了，那时侯你在院子里搞出那么多的噪音！”及所给选项分析可知，选 B。 15_ you practise playing the piano at this time？You see its deep into the night! Oh，Im sorry，Mum. AWill BCan CShould DMust 【答案】D 【解析】will 会；can 能够；should 应该；must 必须。must 除了表示命令和要求外，还可
12、以表示责备的 语气，意思是“非要不可吗”。故选 D。 16 Had the governments and scientists not worked together， AIDS-related deaths _ since their highest in 2005. Ahad not fallen Bwould not fall Cdid not fall Dwould not have fallen 【答案】D 【解析】根据题干，从句中 had 置于句首可知，此处为虚拟语气中省略连词 if 的情况。由从句中谓语 动 词 had not worked (had done) 可 知 ， 是
13、 对 过 去 情 况 的 假 设 ， 所 以 主 句 中 的 谓 语 动 词 应 用 would/could/might/should have done 来表示对过去情况的假设，故选 D。 17But for the chances I was blessed with，my life _ easily _ a turn for the worse. Awould；take Bwill；have taken Cshould；take Dcould have；taken 【答案】D 【解析】句中 but for 表示条件，意为“要不是”，表示与过去事实相反的假设，要用虚拟语气；对 过去的虚拟，
14、主句要用情态动词加完成时态来构成；will 不能构成虚拟，故选 D。 18If only I _ at the party last night！But I had to prepare for the conference. Awere Bhad been Chave been Dwas 【答案】B 【解析】if only 要是就好了，表达要用虚拟语气，根据句中的时间状语 last night，可以看出是对过 去的虚拟，所以时态要用过去完成时 had done，故选 B。 19Had it not been for your practical advice，we_such great ac
15、hievements. Awould make Bwouldnt have made Cdidnt make Dhadnt made 【答案】B 【解析】此处是对过去的虚拟，从句省略 if，并将 had 置于句首构成部分倒装，主句应用“would have done”，再根据句意“我们本不会取得这么大的成就”，可知选 B。 20The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students _ two weeks to prepare for the exams. Agive Bbe given Cshould give Dwould be giv
16、en 【答案】B 【解析】句意为：老师赞同这个建议：给学生两周的备考时间。名词 suggestion 后的同位语从句要用虚 拟语气，其虚拟形式为“(should)动词原形”，又因为 students 与 give 之间为被动关系，故谓语需用被动形 式，选 B。 21Its really great to have a computer to store my photos. Dont count on it too much. It _ break down and youd better make a copy of them. Amust Bcan Cshould Dwill 【答案】B
17、【解析】考查情态动词。拥有一台电脑来储存我的照片真是太棒了。别太指望它。这个电脑 可能会发生故障，你最好留个备份。can 在此表示可能性，符合语境。 22Pele had bags of natural talent, but he _ without the determination to deal with all the problems life threw in his path. Awould never succeed Bnever succeeded Cwould never have succeeded Dhad never succeeded 【答案】C 【解析】考查虚拟
18、语气。句意：贝利是很有天赋，但是如果没有处理生活中遇到的所有问题的决心， 他是永远不会成功的。分析句子结构可知，本题考查虚拟语气。根据句中的“Pele had bags of natural talent” 可知，此处是对过去的虚拟，应用“would/could/should/mighthave过去分词”的形式。故选 C。 23What a pity ! You missed my birthday party. Terribly sorry! _ my uncle not visited me unexpectedly. AShould BWould CHad DDid 【答案】C 【解析】
19、考查虚拟语气。真可惜！你错过了我的生日聚会。非常抱歉！要是我叔叔没有突然 来看我，我就不会错过你的生日聚会了。“missed”表明叔叔来访是过去事实，故条件句中用过去完成时表虚 拟，且条件句中省略了 if，故将 had 提到主语之前。故选 C。 24But for his generous donations, the animal shelter _ two years ago. Awould have been closed Bwas closed Cwould be closed Dhad been closed 【答案】A 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是他的慷慨捐助，这个动物收容所
20、在两年前就被关闭了。根据 But for引出的虚拟条件及时间状语“two years ago”可知， 空格处表示对与过去情况相反的事实的虚拟， 应用would have done 结构。故答案选 A 项。 25_ you were free at that time, I should not have done the difficult work by myself. ADo I know BDid I know CHad I known DHave I known 【答案】C 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我那时知道你有空，我就不会自己做那份困难的工作了。根据句 意以及 at that
21、 time 可知，此句是对与过去事实相反的情况的假设，从句谓语应用过去完成时。当从句中省 略了连词 if 的时候，应将 had 放在主语的前面，构成倒装。故选 C。 26 I wonder what my life _ like now if I had found the strength to disobey my father and insisted on studying abroad. Awould have been Bwill have been Cwould be Dis 【答案】C 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我想知道如果我当时有勇气不顺从我的父亲，并坚持去国外求学的话，
22、我现在的生活会是什么样子。根据时间状语“now”可知，主句表示与现在事实相反的情况，谓语动词应用 would do。 27But for those interruptions，the meeting _ half an hour ago. Awas finished Bwould have finished Cwould finish Dhad been finished 【答案】B 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是那些中断，这场会议在半小时前就结束了。根据句意及时间状 语 half an hour ago 可知设空处与过去事实相反，故选 B。 28I wouldnt pursue my
23、writing career now if I _ myself as weak in writing when I was young. Adefined Bshould define Cwould define Dhad defined 【答案】D 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我年轻时认为自己不善于写作，我现在就不可能从事自己的写作 事业了。根据句意可知，这是一个错综时间条件句，主句同现在事实相反，从句与过去事实相反。D 项正 确。 29The upset mother thought to herself，“If only I _ whats going on in my littl
24、e boys head right now.” Ahad known Bknow Cknew Dhave known 【答案】C 【解析】考查虚拟语气。if only 表示“要是就好了”，谓语动词应使用虚拟语气，根据 right now 可 知，此处表示对现在的虚拟，故谓语动词用一般过去时。 30In terms of the high investment risk, I would rather you_ anything about it for the time being. Adont do Bdidnt do Chadnt done Dhavent done 【答案】B 【解析】考
25、查虚拟语气。句意：就投资的高风险而言，我宁愿你现在把那件事放一下。would rather 后 跟从句时，从句要用虚拟语气。表示一个现在或将来的愿望，要用一般过去时；表示一个过去的愿望，要 用过去完成时。根据句中的“for the time being”可知，此处应用一般过去时。 31When life gets hard and you want to give up, remember that life is full of ups and downs, and without the downs, the ups _ nothing. Awould mean Bwould have m
26、eant Chave meant Dhad meant 【答案】A 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：当生活变得艰难，你想要放弃的时候，记住，生活充满了起起伏伏， 而且，如果没有了低谷，那站在高处也失去了意义。根据句中的“without”可知，此处是对一般事实的虚拟， 故谓语动词用 would do 形式。 32_more energy to my study instead of being crazy about Internet games，I would be sitting in a comfortable office now. AIf I devoted BHad I devoted
27、CWould I be devoted DShould I be devoted 【答案】B 【解析】考查虚拟语气。此处从句用过去完成时，表示与过去的事实相反，如果省略 if 要用倒装句； 主句用“would动词原形”的形式，表示与现在的事实相反。 33I _ that the experience I was heading for was anything but boring, had I read the brochure carefully. Arealized Bhad realized Cwould realize Dwould have realized 【答案】D 【解析】考
28、查虚拟语气。句意：如果我认真阅读了手册，我就会意识到我所追求的经历一点也不枯燥。 句中的“had I read.”采用了虚拟条件句的倒装形式，相当于 if I had read.，是对过去情况的虚拟，故主句谓 语使用 would have done 形式。 34 But for the help of my English teacher， I _ the first prize in the 2015 English Writing Competition. Awould not win Bwould not have won Cwould win Dwould have won 【答案】B
29、 【解析】此处虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反，句子谓语动词用 would/should/could/mighthave done 结 构，根据句意要用否定含义，故选 B。本句的条件是由介词短语(but for)表达的。 35If I _ my umbrella with me when I came out this morning, I should not be wet now. Atook Bhad taken Cwould have taken Dwere to take 【答案】B 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我早上出门的时候带伞了的话，我现在就不会被淋湿了。根据句 意可知，空处表示
30、与过去事实相反的情况，故选 B。 36The result is due to be announced tomorrow. Why _ you know it now? Acan Bmight Cneed Dmust 【答案】D 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：预计明天公布结果。你为什么偏要现在知道呢？must“偏要，非要”，符 合语境，“Why must you.？”为常用句型，表示“为什么你非要？”，用以告诉某人其举止令人生气或困 扰。can“能，会”；might“可能”；need“需要”。 37He described all of the tourist attractions in d
31、etail as if he _ all of them in person. Avisited Bwould visit Cwould have visited Dhad visited 【答案】D 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：他详细地描述了所有旅游景点，好像他亲自参观过它们一 样。根据“as if”及句意可知，此处考查虚拟语气的用法，表示与过去事实相反的情况，应用过去完成时。故 选 D。 38Eye doctors recommend that a childs first eye exam_ at the age of six months old. Awas Bbe Cwere Dis
32、 【答案】B 【解析】考查虚拟语气。此处考查的是 recommend 后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气，根据语法规则可知， 从句中谓语应用“should动词原形”，其中 should 可以省略，选 B 项。 39 Many people often complain that if they _ a second chance they would live their life to the fullest. Ahad been given Bare to be given Cwere given Dare given 【答案】C 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：许多人经常抱怨道，如果被给予第二次机会，
33、他们会过最充实的生活。 分析句子结构可知，宾语从句用了虚拟语气，此处表示对与现在事实相反的情况的假设，故 if 从句谓语动 词用过去式。故选 C。 40If I _ you were coming, I would have picked you up at the airport. Aknew Bhad known Cwould know Dhave known 【答案】B 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我如果早知道你要来，我就去机场接你了。根据主句中的“would have picked you up”可知，本句用了虚拟语气，且表示与过去的事实相反的假设，故从句应用 had done 结构。
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