1、Lesson 3 A Changing World .写出下列单词的汉语意思(共 6 小题；每小题 3 分，满分 18 分) 1alley n胡同，小巷 2rectangular adj.长方形的 3mop n拖把 4fragrant adj.有香味的 5arch n拱顶 6relay vt.转达；传送 .写出下列汉语对应的英语单词(共 7 小题；每小题 4 分，满分 28 分) 7版本 n.edition编辑 n.editor编辑，校订 v.edit 8投下 vt.cast 9着手做，从事 vt.undertake 10挤 vt.squeeze 11口渴 n.thirst口渴的 adj.th
2、irsty 12容器 n.container包含 vt.contain 13一匙之量 n.spoonful汤匙 n.spoon .写出下列短语或短语对应的汉语意思(共 6 小题；每小题 4 分，满分 24 分) 14leave a/an.impression on sb.给某人留下印象 15不仅仅；超过，多于；非常 more than 16keep an eye on 留神；照看；注意 17毫无疑问，没问题 no doubt 18date back (to)始于，追溯到 19have a thirst for 对的渴望 .完成句子(共 2 小题；每小题 15 分，满分 30 分) 20They
3、 were then able to place guards at the entrances of the various hutongs，which made it easier to keep an eye on peoples movements. 之后，他们派卫兵把守着各条胡同的入口，这样做使他们更容易监视人们的举动。 21They can also stop under a stone arch and watch the hutong world go by while enjoying a plate of Beijings best “Peking Duck” or sat
4、isfying their thirst with a cold Tsingtao beer. 他们还可以在一座石拱桥下停下来，品尝一盘北京最著名的“北京烤鸭”或喝上一杯冰爽解 渴的青岛啤酒，观赏着胡同的世界从岁月中流逝。 .Tell whether the following statements are true(T) or false(F) 1Tourists dont like hutongs.(F) 2Wealthy people lived in the hutongs closest to the Forbidden City.(T) 3The conditions in Bei
5、jings hutongs worsened at the end of the Qing Dynasty.(T) 4Sanmiao Street is the longest hutong in Beijing.(F) 5The oldest hutong in Beijing is 900 years old.(T) .Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer. 1Every year thousands of tourists come to Beijing to . Ataste Beijings best “Pekin
6、g Duck” Bwalk through Beijings hutongs Cvisit the Great Wall and the Forbidden City Dplay and live in the courtyards 答案 C 2We can see that the population rose quickly . Ain the Yuan Dynasty Bin the Ming Dynasty Cat the end of the Qing Dynasty Din 1949 答案 C 3Which of the following is NOT true? AThe B
7、eijings hutongs always make a strong impression on tourists. BThe Emperors in the past paid no attention to the ordinary citizens movements. CPeople living in the hutongs could share a lot of things. DWe can know Beijings past and present through the hutongs. 答案 B 4The place where people lived was l
8、ike a real community because of . Athe hutongs Bthe rectangular courtyards Cthe neat blocks of houses Dthe preservation of the hutongs 答案 A 5The conditions in Beijings hutongs once went down because . Athe Emperor stopped repairing them Bthe political situation affected Chinas economy Cthe populatio
9、n increased quickly Dno one was interested in them 答案 B 重点词汇重点词汇 Nowadays，the word “hutong” has come to mean more than just the alleys that connect the courtyards. 现在，“胡同”这个词不仅仅指连接四合院的小巷子。 more than 不仅仅；超过，多于；非常，十分 一词多义 写出下列句子中 more than 的汉语意思 (1)He is more than happy about it.非常，十分 (2)The beauty of
10、 the West Lake is more than I can describe.超过，多于 (3)I met her more than once.不仅仅 more.than.与其说倒不如说，中间接形容词原级和名词。 no more than 仅仅，只有，有强烈表示少的意思，相当于 only。 not more than 不超过，不多于，顶多，至多，用在数字前面。 more than one.不止一个，后接可数名词单数，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。 (4)The book seems to be more a dictionary than a grammar.这本书看起来与其说是一本语
11、法书， 不如说是一本词典。 (5)There was no shade，as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.(2017 全国) 那里没有树荫因为树只有 3 英尺高。 (6)There were not more than 70 students in the classroom then. 当时教室里顶多有 70 个学生。 (7)More than one teacher has(have) been to Australia in this college. 这所学院的教师中，不止一人去过澳大利亚。 单句改错 (8)In my opinion
12、，your son is more lazier lazy than stupid. They supported each other when help was needed and shared the joy and sadness of everyday life，no doubt sharing recipes. 当需要帮助时，他们相互扶持，共同分享生活中的喜悦与悲伤，更不用说分享菜谱 no doubt 无疑；很可能 in doubt 不确定地；不肯定地 beyond/without doubt 无疑；确定地 There is no doubt that.毫无疑问 There is
13、 some doubt whether.是否存在疑问。 注意：在肯定句中，doubt 后面一般接 whether/if 引导的宾语从句或 whether 引导的同位语从 句；在否定句或疑问句中，doubt 后面接 that 引导的宾语从句或同位语从句。 (1)But the urge would no doubt be greater if you were living on the streets with little food and money.(2018 北京) 但是如果你食不果腹，身无分文，住在大街上，这种渴望无疑会更强烈。 (2)The future of the peace
14、is in doubt. 和平前途未卜。 (3)Joe is beyond/without doubt one of the best players in the school. 毫无疑问乔是学校里最优秀的选手之一。 (4)There is no doubt that this candidates advantage lies in his ability to communicate with foreigners in English.毫无疑问，这位求职者的优势在于他能够用英语与外国人进行交流。 (5)There is some doubt whether he will be ele
15、cted. 他能否当选还不太确定。 单句改错 (6)There is no doubt whether that he will win the game. Towards the end of the Qing Dynasty，the conditions in Beijings hutongs went down as the political situation cast a dark cloud on Chinas economy. 清代末期，恶化的政治形势使中国经济日趋衰败，北京胡同的状况也衰落了。 cast vt.投；掷；抛 cast a shadow on/over 给蒙上阴影
16、 cast down 使沮丧，使失望常用于被动语态 cast sb.into prison 把某人投入监狱 (1)The fisherman cast his net into the water. 渔夫把网撒到了水里。 (2)Her fathers illness cast a shadow on/over the wedding. 她父亲的病给婚礼蒙上了一层阴影。 (3)She was cast down for several days after hearing the bad news. 听到这个坏消息她悲伤了好几天。 Conditions improved a great deal
17、 and the government undertook the preservation of many of the oldest hutongs.胡同的条件得到了很大的改善，政府对很多最古老的胡同进行了 保护。 undertake vt.着手做，从事；承担；许诺 undertake sth.从事/负责某事 undertake to do sth.承诺做某事 undertake that.承诺 undertake for.为负责 (1)He undertook that he would finish the work by Tuesday. 他许诺在星期二之前完成这项工作。 (2)We
18、 undertake for your security while you are visiting our hometown. 你参观我们家乡时，我们将保证你的安全。 一句多译 (3)这个商人承诺给这个村子建一所学校。 The businessman undertook to build a new school for the village.(简单句) The businessman undertook that he would build a new school for the village.(复合句) They can walk up Sanmiao Street，which
19、 dates back 900 years，wander down Rongxianthe longest hutong at 2 km or squeeze through Qianshithe narrowest at only 40 cm wide！ 他们可以沿着 900 年前修建的三庙街散步， 或徜徉在长达 2 千米的最长的胡同绒线胡同， 或侧身挤过最窄处只有 40 厘米的钱市胡同！ date back (to) 追溯到，始于(date from) out of date 过时的；陈旧的 up to date 最新的；现代的 to date 迄今，到目前为止 (1)The castle
20、 located in the suburb dates back to the ancient Roman days. 位于郊区的这座城堡建于古罗马时期。 (2)The style of his hair is out of date，which doesnt go with his fashionable clothes. 他的发型过时了，这和他新潮的穿着不匹配。 (3)We havent got further information to date. 到目前为止，我们尚未获得进一步的消息。 句型转换 (4)The Great Wall of China dates back to th
21、e Qin Dynasty. The Great Wall of China dates from the Qin Dynasty. squeeze vt.挤；挤过；压榨 squeeze in/into 挤入；硬塞进 squeeze sth.out 把挤出；把拧开 squeeze through 挤过，勉强通过 squeeze up 使挤紧；使靠拢 (5)If you move forward a little，I can squeeze past. 如果你朝前挪一挪，我就可以挤过去了。 (6)He took off his wet clothes and squeezed the water
22、 out. 他脱下湿衣服，拧干了水。 (7)I managed to squeeze carefully through the crowd. 我设法小心翼翼地挤过人群。 (8)Could you squeeze up and let me sit down? 挤一挤让我坐下好吗？ 经典句式经典句式 They were then able to place guards at the entrances of the various hutongs，which made it easier to keep an eye on peoples movements. 之后，他们派卫兵把守着各条胡同
23、的入口，这样做使他们更容易监视人们的举动。 本句使用了“make宾语宾语补足语”结构，其中 it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语为宾补后的 不定式短语。 “make宾语宾语补足语”是一个常用句式。如果 make 后的宾语是不定式或 that 从句 或动名词，宾语补足语是形容词或名词，这时往往把形式宾语 it 放在宾语的位置上，把真正 的宾语放在后面。 与 make 这一用法相同的常用动词还有：find，feel，think，consider 等。 该句型常为：make/find/feel/think/consider.itadj./n.that/(for sb.) to do sth./v.-ing
24、(1)Do you think it possible to finish the work on time？你认为按时完成这项工作有可能吗？ (2)We consider it a waste of time and money to go on with the project. 我们认为继续进行这项工程是浪费时间和金钱。 (3)I feel it no use talking(talk) about it with them. 我感觉跟他们谈这件事没用。 单句改错 (4)The dusty air makes it difficult to get a clear picture of
25、space. They can also stop under a stone arch and watch the hutong world go by while enjoying a plate of Beijings best “Peking Duck” or satisfying their thirst with a cold Tsingtao beer. 他们还可以在一座石拱桥下停下来，品尝一盘北京最著名的“北京烤鸭”或喝上一杯冰爽解 渴的青岛啤酒，观赏着胡同的世界从岁月中流逝。 句中 while enjoying.是 while they are enjoying.的省略形式。
26、 在 while，when，if，unless，though，as soon as 等引导的状语从句中，若状语从句的主语 是 it 或其主语与主句主语一致，且谓语含有 be 动词时，从句主语连同 be 动词可省略。 巧学助记 歌诀巧记状语从句的省略： 省略句，真容易，符合两条就可以。 从句谓语含有 be，两句主语要一致。 从句若有 it be，照样省去莫迟疑。 (1)While (we were) visiting the art exhibition，we discussed the great artists works. 在参观艺术展期间，我们讨论了伟大艺术家的作品。 (2)Work h
27、ard when (you are) young，or youll regret. 趁年轻努力工作，否则你会后悔的。 (3)If (it is) necessary，you can refer to the dictionary. 如果有必要的话，你可以查词典。 单句改错 (4)It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine.If is so，wed better take it to the garage immediately. .单句语法填空 1The little boy is fond of the juice squee
28、zed(squeeze) from fresh fruits. 2As a matter of fact，the result was more than I had expected. 3The dictionary is very popular and now in its sixth edition(edit) 4He helped the police to keep an eye on that man who was looking around. 5This is an early church dating(date) from the ninth century. 6Ill
29、 leave you to undertake(undertake) an important task. 7Proper amounts of exercise，if carried(carry) out regularly，can improve our health. 8Food will last longer if kept in an airtight container(contain) 9There is no doubt that I will enhance its reputation through my efforts. 10What he said to me ju
30、st now really made me cast(cast) down. .完成句子 11The fact is that the new actors performance has left a deep impression on us. 事实是，那位新演员的表演给我们留下了深刻印象。 12The famous director made some great movies.Theres no doubt about it.这位著名导演制作 了几部伟大的电影，这是毋庸置疑的。 13My teacher undertook to revise the composition for m
31、e yesterday. 昨天我的老师许诺帮我修改作文。 14I want to make it clear that I dont agree with this policy. 我想说清楚，我不同意这项政策。 15When offered help，one often says “Thank you” or “Its kind of you” 当被提供帮助时，一个人常说“谢谢”或者“你真好”。 .课文短文改错 Every year thousands tourists flock to China to visit some places of interest.In our surpri
32、se，it is often the hutongs that leaves the strongest impression，as they offer travellers a rare view into Chinas past.Beijings hutongs，the majority of which are built between the 13th and 19th centuries，are particular famous.In the past，hutongs made the rulers easy to keep an eye on peoples movement
33、.But in fact，not only they connect the homes but also they connected peoples lives.Hutongs are still an important part of Beijing life and its not surprised that tourists love the hutongs because of they show that Beijing is truly an ancient yet modern city. 答案 Every year thousands of tourists flock
34、 to China to visit some places of interest. In To our surprise，it is often the hutongs that leaves leave the strongest impression，as they offer travellers a rare view into Chinas past.Beijings hutongs，the majority of which are were built between the 13th and 19th centuries， are particular particular
35、ly famous.In the past， hutongs made the rulers easy easier to keep an eye on peoples movement movements.But in fact，not only did they connect the homes but also they connected peoples lives.Hutongs are still an important part of Beijing life and its not surprised surprising that tourists love the hutongs because of they show that Beijing is truly an ancient yet modern city.
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