1、Lesson 3 A Changing World 基础巩固 .单词拼写 1In the middle of the room stands a long rectangular(长方形的) table. 2It was in a dark alley(胡同) that the attack happened that night. 3The letter appeared in the Sunday edition(版本) of the local newspaper. 4The girl walked into the hall with a bunch of fragrant(有香味的)
2、 flowers in her hand. 5What he said made a deep impression(印象) on the students. 6The recent downturn in sales casts(投下) doubt on the companys future. .单句语法填空 7My mother told me to add a spoonful(spoon) of sugar to the soup. 8The news relayed(relay) by the young man made us very excited. 9The woman t
3、ook out some meat and put it into a big container(contain) 10While the travellers were walking in the desert，most of them got very thirsty(thirst) 11To join the club，you have to undertake to buy(buy) a minimum of six books a year. 12The little girl smiled，squeezing(squeeze) her bag in her hands. 13O
4、n the one hand，people are more than eager to share ideas with others. 14He has some doubt whether they can help. 15We must make it clear to the public that something should be done to stop pollution. .句型转换 16While the boy was staying in France，he made a great many friends. While staying in France，th
5、e boy made a great many friends. 17The old vase which dates back to the Ming Dynasty is in the possession of an old man. The old vase dating back to the Ming Dynasty is in the possession of an old man. 18As the young man was cast down by so many defeats，he drank wine all day. Cast down by so many de
6、feats，the young man drank wine all day. 能力提升 .阅读理解 How many times do you check your Facebook page in a day to see whether your latest post has got another “like” or “thumbs up”？ Although you might be embarrassed to admit how many times you do this，dont worrypsychological findings have shown its comp
7、letely normal.In fact， the pleasure we derive from receiving a “like” is equal to that of eating chocolate or winning money，and we cant help wanting more.According to the findings，which observed 32 teens aged between 13 and 18， the feedback circuit in the teens brains is particularly sensitive，and t
8、he “social” and “visual” parts of their brains were active when they received “likes” on the social network.The research also showed that though the thumbs up might come from complete strangers，the good they derive from them worked all the same. So，does it mean we should try our best to win as many
9、thumbs up as possible? Not necessarily so if we know the reasons behind our desire for attention.In “why do people long for attention” by M Farouk Radwan， he explained several cases in which people naturally longed for attention.Radwan said people who were an only child，who were used to being the ce
10、nter of attention in their house，may try to copy these conditions.Feeling “overlooked and unappreciated” might also lead you to long for attention.Other times，the state of being jealous or wanting to cover your mistakes may also contribute to such longings. In fact，too much desire for attention can
11、create anxiety，and in turn ruin your happiness even when you get it.So what can we do about it？The answer is quite simple.“If people could adopt goals not focused on their own self-esteem but on something larger than their self，such as what they can create or contribute to others，they would be less
12、sensitive to some of the negative effects of pursuing self-esteem，” wrote psychology professor Jennifer Crocker. So perhaps the answer to our addiction to “likes” is simply to focus on something larger than ourselvesa hard，but a worthy one. 语篇解读 很多人都习惯时不时地查看一下自己新发的帖子得到了多少人的关注。作者在文 中分析了这种行为背后的原因，并且指出
13、：想得到别人关注这很正常，但是，过于追求别人 的关注将会产生不好的影响。 19Which of the following can replace the underlined word “derive” in Paragraph 2? ADeliver. BGive. CPrevent. DGet. 答案 D 解析 词义猜测题。根据第二段的第二句“In fact，the pleasure we derive from receiving a like is equal to that of eating chocolate or winning money，and we cant help
14、wanting more.” 可知，画线词的意思是“得到”。故选 D。 20Whats the reaction of receiving “likes” on the social network to the brain? AThe brain becomes more nervous. BSome parts of the brain are active. CThe brain becomes less sensitive. DThe brain becomes cleverer. 答案 B 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“.the social and visual parts o
15、f their brains were active when they received likes on the social network.”可知，在社交网络上收到“喜欢” 时，大脑的某些部分是活跃的。故选 B。 21Who wants to get more attention according to the passage? AThe only child. BThe old who lives happily with children. CThe young who feels anxious. DTeens who want to discover their mistak
16、es. 答案 A 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段的第四、五句“Radwan said people who were an only child， who were used to being the center of attention in their house，may try to copy these conditions.Feeling overlooked and unappreciated might also lead you to long for attention.” 可知，独生子女想得到更多的关注。故选 A。 .完形填空 Madison Williams was st
17、udying in her bedroom in Dublin，Ohio，in August 2016 when the door burst open.It was her mother， Leigh Williams， with a(n) 22 story： “A little boy fell into a septic tank(化粪池)，and no one can 23 him.” Then she made this 24 of her 13-year-old daughter：Can you help? Madison and Leigh ran to a neighbors
18、yard，where they found the boys 25 mother and other adults surrounding a septic tank opening.Its diameter was 26 wider than a basketball.The boy had 27 in and was drowning in the sewage(污水) Madison quickly 28 the situation.She was the only one who could 29 through the small hole.Without 30 ， she told
19、 the adults， “Lower me in.” Inside， the tank was dark， and the air was 31 .In the process of finding the boy，her left wrist was injured by a hidden pole so 32 that the hand was useless.But Madison went on skimming the surface of the sewage，hoping to 33 the boy.“Every once in a while， Id see his litt
20、le toes， ” she says.“Then I would try to grab them.” After several failed 34 ，she finally managed to grasp his foot tightly with her 35 hand.“Pull me up！” she shouted to the others above.Ten minutes after Madison had entered the tank，she and the boy were 36 out. But the boy wasnt out of 37 .He had b
21、een taken away from oxygen long enough that he wasnt breathing.He was 38 on his side，and an adult gave him several hard beats on the 39 ，one right after the other，until the boy coughed up liquids.It was only when Madison heard him cry that she knew he was all right. It took Madison longer to 40 than
22、 the boy.She experienced months of physical treatment for her wrist，which，says neighbor Mary，made the girls actions more 41 . 语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。一个小男孩掉进了化粪池，13 岁的女孩 Madison 在救援的过 程中，左手腕受了严重的伤，但她不顾个人疼痛，勇敢地救出了这个小男孩。 22A.amazing Bpuzzling Cembarrassing Dfrightening 答案 D 解析 由后文中的“A little boy fell into a sep
23、tic tank(化粪池)，and no one can him.” 可知一个小男孩掉到了化粪池，这是非常吓人的故事。amazing 令人惊奇的；puzzling 令人不 解的；embarrassing 使人尴尬的；frightening 可怕的。故选 D。 23A.reach Bfind Cdelete Dhold 答案 A 解析 没有人可以够到他。reach 够到；find 找到；delete 删除；hold 持有。根据下文的介绍 可知选 A。 24A.decision Brequest Crecommendation Dorder 答案 B 解析 由后文中的“Can you help？”
24、可知。 她向女儿提出了一个请求。 decision 决定； request 请求；recommendation 推荐；order 命令。故选 B。 25A.cautious Bcurious Canxious Dcourageous 答案 C 解析 孩子掉到了化粪池里， 他的母亲必然很焦虑。 cautious 谨慎的； curious 好奇的； anxious 焦虑的；courageous 勇敢的。故选 C。 26A.tightly Bclosely Cslightly Dspecially 答案 C 解析 化粪池入口的直径稍微比一个篮球宽一些。tightly 紧紧地；closely 紧密地；
25、slightly 稍 微；specially 特别地。故选 C。 27A.skipped Brun Cwandered Dslipped 答案 D 解析 这个男孩滑入， 并且淹没在污水中。 skip 跳过； run 跑； wander 漫步； slip 滑过， 滑倒。 故选 D。 28A.surveyed Blooked Cdecided Ddescribed 答案 A 解析 Madison 快速地研究情况。survey 调查，研究；look 看；decide 决定；describe 描述。 故选 A。 29A.suit Bwalk Cbreak Dfit 答案 D 解析 她是唯一一个合身穿过
26、小洞的人。suit(尤指衣服的式样、颜色)适合；walk 散步；break 打破；fit(多用来指大小、尺寸等)适合，合身。故选 D。 30A.permission Bhesitation Cdoubt Dquestion 答案 B 解析 没有犹豫，她对其他成年人说：“把我放进去。”permission 允许；hesitation 犹豫； doubt 怀疑；question 问题。故选 B。 31A.disgusting Bconfusing Cbright Ddry 答案 A 解析 化粪池的空气必然是令人恶心的。disgusting 令人恶心的；confusing 混乱的；bright 明亮
27、的；dry 干的。故选 A。 32A.obviously Bhardly Clightly Dseverely 答案 D 解析 由空后的“that the hand was useless.”可知，她的左手腕伤得很严重。 obviously 明显 地；hardly 几乎不；lightly 轻轻地；severely 严重地。故选 D。 33A.notice Bsearch Cfeel Dstrike 答案 C 解析 Madison 希望触摸到这个男孩。notice 注意到；search 搜寻；feel 感觉，摸；strike 打 击，罢工。故选 C。 34A.attempts Bstudies
28、Cideas Dinvitations 答案 A 解析 经过几次失败的尝试，最终，她成功地用健康的一只手紧紧地抓住了他的脚。attempt 尝试；study 学习；idea 观点；invitation 邀请。故选 A。 35A.left Bstrong Cgood Dinjured 答案 C 解析 由上文中的“.her left wrist was injured by a hidden pole so that the hand was useless.”可知，Madison 的左手腕受伤了，所以用另一只健康的手紧紧地抓住了他的脚。left 左边的；strong 强壮的；good 好的；in
29、jured 受伤的。故选 C。 36A.picked Blifted Cpushed Dput 答案 B 解析 由上文中的“Pull me up！ she shouted to the others above.”可知，在 Madison 进入 化粪池十分钟后，她和这个小男孩被拉了出来。 pick 挑选；lift 举起，提升；push 推；put 放。故选 B。 37A.breath Btrouble Csorrow Dcontrol 答案 B 解析 由空后的“He had been taken away from oxygen long enough that he wasnt breath
30、ing.” 可知，这个男孩没有摆脱麻烦。breath 呼吸；trouble 麻烦；sorrow 悲伤；control 控制。故选 B。 38A.placed Blain Csent Dcarried 答案 A 解析 他被侧身放置。place 放置；lie 躺；send 送；carry 携带。故选 A。 39A.head Bchest Cback Dfoot 答案 C 解析 一个成年人在他的后背上用力拍打了几下。head 头；chest 胸部；back 后背；foot 脚。 故选 C。 40A.drown Bcough Ccure Drecover 答案 D 解析 Madison 比这个男孩花了
31、更长的时间恢复。 drown 淹没； cough 咳嗽； cure 治疗； recover 恢复。故选 D。 41A.attractive Bimpressive Cmodest Dconsiderate 答案 B 解析 这使得这个女孩的行为更感人。attractive 吸引人的；impressive 让人印象深刻的； modest 谦虚的；considerate 体贴的。故选 B。 .语法填空 Hutong is a kind of ancient typical city street in Beijing.42. (surround) the Forbidden City， many w
32、ere built during the Yuan， Ming and Qing 43. (dynasty) In order to establish the strongest power for emperors，the royal family planned the city and arranged the residential areas(住宅区) The Forbidden City44. center of the Beijing city， was the royal palace. At the end of the Qing dynasty，after 45. (cl
33、ose) China came under the influence of abroad，many old hutongs lost their former neat 46. (arrange) After the founding of the Peoples Republic of China in 1949，the conditions of hutong 47. (improve)But in recent years，the houses in many hutongs have been pulled down and then replaced 48. modern buil
34、dings.And the hutongs today are fading into the shade for both tourists 49. local people. However，in the urban district of Beijing，hutongs still occupy one third of the total area,50. (provide) housing for half population，so many hutongs 51. (survive) these years.In this respect，we see Beijing as an
35、 ancient yet modern city. 语篇解读 胡同是老北京的重要标志之一。本文介绍了北京胡同的历史以及发展现状等。 42答案 Surrounding 解析 考查非谓语动词。 many 和 surround 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系， 故用现在分词作状语。 43答案 dynasties 解析 考查名词的用法。根据句意可知，此处指元、明、清三个朝代，故用复数形式。 44答案 the 解析 考查冠词的用法。此处特指“北京市的中心”，故用定冠词 the。 45答案 closed 解析 考查形容词作定语。此处是说封闭的中国受到外国的影响。修饰名词 China，所以要 用其形容词形式 clo
36、sed。 46答案 arrangement 解析 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少宾语，所以填其名词形式 arrangement。 47答案 were improved 解析 考查动词的时态和语态。根据句中的 in 1949 可知用一般过去时；此处意为：胡同的 状况得到了改善。“状况”是被改善，故用一般过去时的被动语态。 48答案 by 解析 考查介词的用法。be replaced by 被取代，故用介词 by。 49答案 and 解析 考查连词的用法。此处是 both.and.结构，表示并列关系。 50答案 providing 解析 考查非谓语动词。 hutongs 与 provide 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系， 故用现在分词作状语。 51答案 have survived 解析 考查动词的时态。 句意为： 这些年， 很多胡同已经幸存下来了。 根据该空后的 these years 可知用现在完成时。
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