1、 1 Unit 8 Is there a post office near here? 1. 短语归纳短语归纳 post office 邮局 police station 警察局 pay phone 付费电话 Bridge Street 桥街 Center Street near here 附近 across from 在对面 be free 免费(有空) next to 紧挨 between and 11 in front of 在前面 12 excuse me 劳驾,打扰了 13 far from 离远 14 go along 沿着走 15 turn right / left 向右 / 左
2、转 16 on the (或 ones) right / left 在(某人的)右边 / 左边 17 in my neighborhood 在我的街区 18 look like=be like 像 19 in life 一生中 20 behind 在后面 21 Thanks so much.= Thanks a lot. 多谢 22 cross the street=go across the street 穿过马路 2. 典句必背典句必背 Is there a hospital near here 这附近有医院吗 Yes, there is. Its on Bridge Street. 是的
3、,有。它在桥街上。 Wheres Center Street? 噢中心大街在哪里?Its not too far from here. 它离这儿不太远。 Go along long Street and its on the right. 沿着长街走,它在右边。 To get there, I often walk out.为了到达那里,我常常走出来。动词不定式作为目的状语。 3. 用法集萃用法集萃 (1) Is there a hospital near here? 这儿附近有医院吗这儿附近有医院吗? near 作介词,意为“在.附近” ,属于方位介词。 例:Dont sit near th
4、e door. 别坐在门口附近 常见的表示方位的(短语)介词: 2 next to 紧挨;靠近 near 在.附近 beside/by 在.旁边 behind 在.后面 in front of 在.前面 at the back of 在.后面 on/over 在.上面 under 在.下面 across from . 在.对面 between. and. 在.和.之间 on the left ( of.) 在(.的)左边 on the right ( of.) 在(.的)右边 (2) Its across from the park. 它在公园对面它在公园对面 across from 表示“在
5、.对面” 。 例:The bank is across from the school. 银行在学校对面 across 可以作介词,也可以作副词,意为“穿过;越过” ,通常表示从物体表面穿过。 例:Can you swim across? 你能游过去吗? ( across 作副词) Im helping an old man walk across the street. 我正在帮助一位老人过马路 ( across 作介词) 辨析:across, through, over across 表示从物体的表面穿过, 常与之搭配的词有 street, road, river 等 注意: cross
6、也表示“穿过” ,但它是动词, 而 across 是介词,walk/ go across = cross 例: Be careful when you go across the street. = Be careful when you cross the street. 过马路的时候要小心一点 through 表示从某个立体空间穿过, 常与之搭配的词有 city, forest, park, tunnel, window 等 over 表示从某物的上方越过或跨过 (3) Are there any restaurants near here? 这附近有这附近有-些饭店吗些饭店吗? Yes.
7、 theres one in front of the post office. 有,邮局前面就有有,邮局前面就有一一家家 辨析:one, it, that one 用来指代前面提到的同类事物中的任何一个任何一个, I dont have any stamps. Can you give me one? 3 表泛指,相当于“a/an+单数可数名词” 我没有邮票了。你能给我一枚吗? it 指代上文出现过的特定事物特定事物,即“同一事物同一事物” Can you see the bird in the tree? I like it. 你看到树上的那只鸟了吗? 我很喜欢它。 that 用来指代前面
8、特指的单数可数名词或特指的不可数名词, 相当于“the+单数可数名词或不可数名词” ; 为避免重复,than 后通常用 that The library of our school is bigger than that of yours. 我们学校的图书馆比你们学校的大。 牛刀小试牛刀小试 Sam finds sweeping robots useful, and he plans to buy _ for his grandma. A.it B.one C. this D. that in front of 是固定搭配,意为“在.前面” 。 例:I cant see the blackbo
9、ard because a tall boy is sitting in front of me. 我看不到黑板,因为一个高个子男孩正坐在我的前面。 辨析:in front of 和 in the front of in front of 指某场所或空间之外的前面 There is a big tree in front of the classroom. 教室前面有一棵大树 (树在教室的外面) in the front of 指某场所或空间之内的前面 There is a student standing in the front of the classroom. 有一个学生正站在教室的前
10、面 (学生在教室的里面) 牛刀小试 Why does the girl look unhappy. Because the boy _ her is so tall that she cant see the movie clearly. A. behind B.next to C.in front of D. from (4) I love to watch the monkeys climbing around. 我喜欢看猴子们爬来爬去我喜欢看猴子们爬来爬去 watch sb. doing sth. 意为“看着某人正在做某事” 。 例:I watched him walking acros
11、s the street. 我看着他在过马路 辨析:watch sb. doing sth.;watch sb. do sth. 4 watch sb. doing sth. 表示“看着某人正在做某事” ,此时强调动作正在进行 watch sb. do sth. 表示“看着某人做某事” ,此时强调动作经常发生或看到事情发生的全过程 类似的动词还有 see, notice, hear 等。 这类动词的宾语带宾语补足语时,宾补可以为省略 to 的动词不定式,也可以是动词的现在分词形式。 例: Can you see some boys playing soccer in the playgroun
12、d? 你能看见一些男孩儿正在操场上踢足球吗? I saw the boy get into the library. 我看见那个男孩进了图书馆。 牛刀小试 My uncles dog was in the garden. I saw it _ under the tree. A.to play B.playing C. plays D. is playing (5) To get there, I usually walk out and turn right on Bridge Road. 为了到达那里,我通常步行外出为了到达那里,我通常步行外出,在大桥路向右拐在大桥路向右拐 “To get
13、 there” 是动词不定式作目的状语,置于句前表强调。 例:To make more money, he often goes to bed late and gets up early. 为了挣更多的钱,他经常起早贪黑 牛刀小试牛刀小试 _ , he has to listen to tapes every day. A.To learn English well B.Learn English well C.Learning English well turn right 意为“向右转” ,反义短语 turn left 意为“向左转” 。其中 turn 作动词,意为“转向” 。 例:Tu
14、rn right at the first corner. 在第一个拐角处向右拐 常见的 turn 短语有 turn left 向左转 turn right 向右转 turn on 打开 turn off 关闭 turn up 开大;调高 turn down 开小;调低 turn in 上交 turn over 翻转 牛刀小试牛刀小试 Grandma wants to watch the program Legal Report. Please _ the TV. A. turn off B .turn on C. turn down 5 (6) The best things in life
15、 are free! 生活中最好的东西是免费的!生活中最好的东西是免费的! free 形容词,意为“免费的” 。 例:Here is your free lunch. 这是你的免费午餐 Your ticket is free. 你的票是免费的 free 作形容词,还可以意为“自由的,有空的” 。 例:Are you free tomorrow? 明天你有空吗? I have some free time on weekends. 在周末我有些空闲的时间 (7) It is very quiet and I enjoy reading there. 那儿很安静,我喜欢在那里读书。那儿很安静,我喜
16、欢在那里读书。 enjoy doing sth. 意为“喜欢做某事” ,其中 enjoy 后若跟动词,只能跟动名词。 例:Most boys enjoy playing computer games. 大多数男孩儿喜欢玩电脑游戏 能跟动名词作宾语的动词,常见的此类搭配有: enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 finish doing sth. 完成某事 mind doing sth. 介意做某事 consider doing sth. 考虑做某事 keep doing sth. 继续做某事 practice doing sth. 练习做某事 拓展:拓展:enjoy oneself 过
17、得愉快;玩得开心=have fun, have a good/ great/ wonderful time 例:You will enjoy yourself if you go to the party. 如果你去参加聚会,你会玩得很开心 4. 语法聚焦语法聚焦 (1) There be 句型句型 用法结构用法结构 用法 表示“某地有某物/人” ,强调某人或某物与某地的位置关系 结构 There be+主语+地点状语,意为“某地有某人/物” 补充:补充:There be 形式有形式有 There is 和和 There are。由离由离 be 动词动词最近的一个主语最近的一个主语来决定来决定
18、 be 动词的单复数动词的单复数, 即“就近原则”即“就近原则” 例: There is a desk and two chairs in the room. 房间里有一张桌子和两把椅子。(离 be 动词最近的主语是 a desk) 6 There are two chairs and a desk in the room. 房间里有两把椅子和一张桌子。(离 be 动词最近的主语是 two chairs) There be 句型的句式变化句型的句式变化 肯定句 There is/ are+主语+地点状语 There is a book on the shelf. 书架上有一本书 否定句 The
19、re isnt/ arent+主语+地点状语 There isnt a book on the shelf. 书架上没有书。 一般疑问句 Is/ Are there+ 主语+地点状语? -Is there a book on the shelf? 书架上有一本书吗? -Yes, there is. 是的,有 -No, there isnt. 不,没有 肯定回答 Yes, there is/are. 否定回答 No, there isnt/arent. (2) Where 引导的特殊疑问句引导的特殊疑问句 意为“哪里”,询问位置,一般回答地点 例:-Where do you live? -I live in Nanjing. (3) 介词(书本介词(书本 P115)