1、4 4自身代词、相互代词自身代词、相互代词 表示“我自己”、“你自己”、“他自己”、“我们自己”、“你们自己”和“他们自己” 等的代词，叫做自身代词，也有称为“反身代词”的。表示相互关系的代词叫做相 互代词，有 each other 和 one another 两组，但在运用中，这两组词没什么区别。 1) 自身代词自身代词 She was talking to herself. 她自言自语。 1.自身代词的种类自身代词的种类 英语中自身代词是由人称代词或物主代词加后缀-self 或-selves 构成， 有人称和数 的变化，见下表： 人 称 数 单数 复数 第一人称 myself oursel
2、ves 第二人称 yourself yourselves 第三人称 himself herself itself themselves 2.自身代词的用法自身代词的用法 a.主要用于担任同位语以加强语气，在句中的位置较灵活。 I cooked it myself(=I myself cooked it). 我自己亲自做的饭。 I spoke to the chairman himself. 我对主席本人讲。 b.作宾语(表示动作返回到动作执行者本身， 即主语和宾语是指同一个或同一些人 或物) Mary saw herself in the mirror. 玛丽在镜子中看见了她自己。 比较 Ma
3、ry saw her in the mirror. 玛丽在镜子中看见了她。(另外一个人) Einstein taught himself advanced maths. 爱因斯坦自学(自己教自己)高等数 c.作表语 He is not quite himself today. 他今天情绪有点反常。 d.介词+反身代词 Rose said to himself，“Where am I？” 罗斯自言自语，“我在哪儿呢？” I went to the post office by myself. 我一个人去邮局。 (我单独地， 一个人去的； 没有别人帮助去的那儿。 相当于 alone 或 witho
4、ut help) 比较 I went to the post office myself. 我亲自去的邮局。 (强调不需要别人去，是我自己去的) 注意 自身代词的构成 第、第二人称是：形容词性所有格+self(或 selves) myself，yourself，ourselves，yourselves； 第三人称全是人称代词的宾格+self(或 selves) himself，herself，itself，themselves。 必背！必背！ say toself 心里想着；自言 自语 forself 为自己 byself 独自地；独立 2) 相互代词相互代词 Tom and Mary lov
5、e each other. 汤姆和玛丽彼此相爱。 1.相互代词的形式相互代词的形式 通格(包括主格和宾格)： each other；one another。 所有格：each others；one anothers。 2.相互代词的用法相互代词的用法 a.宾语 They help each other(one another). 他们互相帮助。 Dont talk to each other(one another). 不要互相说话。(each other 是介词 to 的宾语) b.所有格形式作定语 We should point out each others(one anothers)
6、shortcomings. 我们应该指出彼此的缺点。 They know each others favourite(s). 他们彼此了解各自的爱好。 你们常通信吗？ Do you often write to each other？ 他们现在不常见面了。 They dont often see each other now. 注意注意 有时，在中文字面上没有“互相”、“彼此”等字，但译成英语时要用 eachother(互 相、彼此)。 自身代词、相互代词自身代词、相互代词 练习题练习题 一、自身代词 1.Linda and I can keep secrets to _. A. them B
7、. us C. themselves D. ourselves 【答案】D 【解析】主要考察对反身代词等知识点的理解。 2.My son is too young to dress _, and it made me _ in the morning. A. himself; hurried B. him; hurried C. himself; hurriedly D. him; hurry 【答案】A 【解析】考查 dress 的用法。dress 后加人，“给某人穿衣服”dress sb.，给自己穿 衣服就是 dress oneself。 3._ the twins enjoyed _ a
8、t the party yesterday. A. None; them B. Both; themselves C. All; them D. Any; themselves 【答案】B 【解析】这对双胞胎在昨天的聚会上都玩得很开心。Both 两者都。 4.Millie thinks more of others than _, so we all like to make friends _ her. A. her; with B. herself; with C. hers; to D. she; to 【答案】B 【解析】Millie 考虑别人(的事)多于考虑自己，所以是 hersel
9、f。因此我们都喜欢 和她做朋友。make friends with sb. 固定搭配 5.Boys and girls, did you enjoy _ in the park yesterday? A. you B. yours C. yourself D. yourselves 【答案】D 【解析】you 人称代词主宾格，你，你们； yours 名词性物主代词，你们的，你 的；yourself 反身代词，你自己；yourselves 反身代词，你们自己。句意：孩子们， 你们昨天在公园玩得高兴吗？enjoy oneself 过得快乐。结合语境可知选 D。 6. Did Linda have
10、a good time in Beijing? Yes. She enjoyed _ very much. Aitself Bthem Cherself Dher 【答案】C 【解析】句意：琳达在北京玩的开心吗？是的，她玩的很愉快。enjoy oneself 玩 的开心，固定表达，故选 C 7.Help _ to some fish. Mrs. Smith said to the children. A. you B. yourself C. yourselves D. yours 【答案】C 【解析】固定词组 help oneself to sth. 意思让某人随便吃(拿)某物，分析句子后面
11、 为 children，意为史密斯先生让孩子们吃。所以用复数 选 C 8.I guess Tom and his sister Celia enjoyed at the party. A. myself B. himself C. herself D. themselves 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我猜汤姆和他姐姐塞丽亚在晚会上玩的很开心。myself 我自己， himself 他自己，herself 她自己，themselves 他们自己。enjoy oneself 玩的开心。 汤姆和姐姐两个人，故选 D. 9.The little boy is not old enough to loo
12、k after _. A. him B. himself C. his own D. herself 【答案】B 【解析】这个小男孩还很小,不能自己照顾自己。故选 B 10.Please help _ to some fish，girls. A. you B. me C. yourselves D. Tom 【答案】C 【解析】 句意： 姑娘们， 请随便吃些鱼吧。 Help oneself to sth 表示“请随便吃些 吧”；本句中根据后面的 girls 可知，是对一群女孩的请求，所以表示复数，即用 yourselves；故选 D。 11.He learned swimming all by
13、 _. A. he B. him C. his D. himself 【答案】D 【解析】himself，他学会了游泳全靠他自己. 12.Those Young Pioneers can put on their coats _. A. themselves B. herself C. yourselves D. himself 【答案】A 【解析】那些少先队员可以穿上外套。由 Those 可知选 themselves 13.Lei Feng always thought of _ more than _. A. other; him B. another; himself C. the ot
14、hers; himself D. others; himself 【答案】D 【解析】李峰常考虑别人(的事)多于考虑自己，more of others than oneself 是固定 搭配 14. He is too busy to help us finish the work. Lets do it _. A. itself B. myself C. ourselves D. himself 【答案】C 【解析】她太忙了不能帮助我们完成工作，那么就让我们自己做，我们的反身代 词是 ourselves，故本题选 C 15.They can teach _ how to use a comp
15、uter. A. theirs B. they C. their D. themselves 【答案】D 【解析】句意：他们要自己学习如何使用电脑。符合要求的只有 D 16.Quite a few teenagers are used to depending on their parents, so they arent able to look after _. A. themselves B. they C. them D. themself 【答案】A 【解析】句意：很多青少年习惯于依赖父母，所以他们不能照顾自己，只有 A 符合。 17.Come and see for _ at Hu
16、axing Clothes Store! A. you B. your C. me D. yourself 【答案】D 【解析】反身代词“你自己” 18.They are too busy to help us finish the work. Lets do it _. A. herself B. myself C. ourselves D. itself 【答案】C 【解析】她太忙了不能帮助我们完成工作，那么就让我们自己做，我们的反身代 词是 ourselves，故本题选 C。 19. Who taught you to swim? I _ it _. A. taught; by myse
17、lf B. learned; by myself C. learned; by oneself 【答案】B 【解析】teach 是及物动词，后跟人称代词时要用宾格。Learn sth by oneself 固定 短语自 二、相互代词 1.They told _ about their families. A. the other B. with C. another D. each other 【答案】D 【解析】句意：他们相互介绍自己的家庭。each other 彼此、相互，故选 D 2.We must learn from _. A. other B. each C. each other
18、 D. they 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我们必须互相学习。each other 彼此、相互，故选 C 3.They often help _with their housework. A. with each other B. for each other C. to each other D. each other 【答案】D 【解析】help sb. with sth 固定搭配 4.We havent seen _ for four years. A. each other B. the other C. others D. other 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们已经有四年没见到彼此了。故选 A 5.He puts the food into bags. A. each other B. each others C. one others D. one another 【答案】B 【解析】他把食物装进彼此的袋子里。故选 B
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