1、Unit 4 Space Exploration Reading and Thinking . 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词 1. take _ (宇航员宇航员) farther into space 2. the selection _(步骤步骤) 3. _(精神的精神的) and physical training 4. be _ (聪明的聪明的)enough to get a college degree 5. escape Earths _(重力重力) astronaut procedure mental intelligent gravity 6.
2、 make _ (工具工具) to carry people 7. _ (决定决定) to be a explorer 8. many other _ (卫星卫星) made by man 9. _(发射发射) the satellite 10. _(沿轨道运行沿轨道运行) around the Earth 11. Americas NASA space _ (专属机构专属机构) vehicles determine satellites launch orbit agency 12. transmit _(数据数据) 13. make everyone _(失望的失望的) 14. the _
3、(欲望欲望) to explore the universe 15. offer some true _ (独立的独立的) advice 16. _ (标志着标志着) the progress of mankind data disappointed desire independent signal . 选词填空选词填空 focus on, carry on, in the hope of, be determined to, dock with, lead to, on board, make progress 1. People believe in the importance of
4、_ space exploration. 2. There are lots of astronauts from different countries _. carrying on on board 3. Mankind is exploring the space _ finding out more about the universe. 4. It can _ an accident that kills everyone on the large aircraft. 5. However, some scientists _ help humans realize their dr
5、eam. in the hope of lead to are determined to 6. China launched the Tiangong 2 space lab into space and Tianzhou 1 to _it. 7. Chinas space programme started late, but it has _in a short time. 8. At that time the USSR _sending people into space. dock with made progress focused on . 文本整体理解文本整体理解: 理清文章
6、架构理清文章架构 . 文本细节理解文本细节理解: 探寻语篇细节信息探寻语篇细节信息 1. Which satellite was launched by the USSR in 1957? A. Shenzhou 5. B. the Sputnik 1. C. Voyager 1. D. the USSRs Soyuz 11. 2. Who was the first person in the world to go into space? A. Yang Liwei. B. Neil Armstrong. C. Yuri Gagarin. D. Liu Yang. 3. Who was t
7、he first man to orbit Earth in Shenzhou 5 spacecraft? A. Yang Liwei. B. Zhai Zhigang. C. Fei Junlong. D. Jing Haipeng. 4. In which satellites all the astronauts died during their missions? A. The USSRs Soyuz 11 and Americas Challenger. B. Change 4 and Jade Rabbit. C. Challenger and Voyager 1. D. She
8、nzhou 5 and Shenzhou 6. 5. Whats the attitude to the space exploration according to the author? A. Supportive. B. Neutral. C. Objective. D. Negative. 答案答案: 15. BCAAA . 文本素养提升文本素养提升: 阅读技能综合运用阅读技能综合运用 1. 根据课文语境与语句知识细致解构语句。根据课文语境与语句知识细致解构语句。 译文译文: _, 人们总是希望更多地了解太空人们总是希望更多地了解太空, _ _。 仰望星空仰望星空 科学家们科学家们 也
9、努力工作来找到答案也努力工作来找到答案 2. 根据课文完成短文根据课文完成短文 People have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt (1)_ (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, (2)_ the help of scientists, people succeeded in realizing their dream (3) _ travelling with to explor
10、e (explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite (4) _(launch) by the USSR. (5) _ scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. These disasters made everyone (6)_(disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of (7) _(carry) on space exploration.
11、In 2003, was launched Although/Though disappointed carrying China became the third country to (8)_ (independent) send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed (9)_ second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future (10)_ (discovery) wi
12、ll not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future. independently a discoveries 3. 阅读主题活动阅读主题活动 (1)What do you think of the space exploration? _ _ _ I think it is of great benefit for us. Through further study of space, people will make full use of it in t
13、he future. (2)If you are determined to be an astronaut, what should you prepare at present? _ _ _ First of all, I should study hard to get a related college degree. Besides, I must keep mental and physical healthy. 【阅读微技巧阅读微技巧】 迅速浏迅速浏 览文章览文章, 抓住关抓住关 键词键词, 理清论理清论 点和论点和论 据据 找出段落中支持找出段落中支持topic sentenc
14、e的的detailed words, 从而总结出段落大意。如时间标志词从而总结出段落大意。如时间标志词: on 4 October 1957, on 12 April 1961, on 20 July 1969 关注每一段中能够表现出对探索太空抱有坚关注每一段中能够表现出对探索太空抱有坚 定信心和意愿的词汇和语句定信心和意愿的词汇和语句, 如如: be determined to do, believe in, carry on等等, 从而从而 总结出作者的观点和立场总结出作者的观点和立场 1. determine vt. 查明查明; 确定确定; 决定决定 *My aim was first
15、of all to determine what I should do next. 我的目标首先是要确定自己下一步该做什么。我的目标首先是要确定自己下一步该做什么。 *(2019 天津高考天津高考)Driven by heaven-knows-what motives, he determines to write a book. 在天知道什么动机的驱使下在天知道什么动机的驱使下, 他决定写一本书。他决定写一本书。 *His enemies are determined to ruin him. 他的敌人决意要毁了他。他的敌人决意要毁了他。 【语块积累语块积累】 (1)determine t
16、o do sth. 决心做某事决心做某事 (2)determined adj. 有决心的有决心的, 意志坚定的意志坚定的 be determined to do sth. 下定决心做某事下定决心做某事 be determined that. . . 决心决心 (3)determination n. 决定决定, 确定确定 【易混辨析易混辨析】determine decide resolve settle (1)determine 指经过深思熟虑指经过深思熟虑, 决心去做某事并坚持决心去做某事并坚持 施行。施行。 *No matter what you determine to do, I wou
17、ld side with you. 不管你决定做什么不管你决定做什么, 我都会支持你。我都会支持你。 (2)decide侧重指经过思考、比较、讨论或询问之后做侧重指经过思考、比较、讨论或询问之后做 出的决定。出的决定。 *Whatever we decide to do in the school must be good for the students first. 我们在学校里决定要做的任何事我们在学校里决定要做的任何事 情情, 都要首先有益于学生。都要首先有益于学生。 (3)resolve 语气较强语气较强, 强调以坚定不移的信念去做或不强调以坚定不移的信念去做或不 做某事做某事, 暗
18、含有远大抱负和坚强决心。暗含有远大抱负和坚强决心。 *Let us resolve to do all we can to contribute to a safer environment for journalists and a freer society for all. 让我们竭尽所能让我们竭尽所能, 为记者营造一个更安全的环境为记者营造一个更安全的环境, 让所让所 有人拥有一个更自由的社会。有人拥有一个更自由的社会。 (4)settle指排除犹豫、怀疑和争论之后做出明确的最指排除犹豫、怀疑和争论之后做出明确的最 终结论。终结论。 *We havent settled how to
19、get there. 我们还没有决定如何到达那里。我们还没有决定如何到达那里。 【即学活用即学活用】 (1)用用determine的适当形式填空的适当形式填空 The outcome of this election will be _ by the votes and by the law. Everyone concerned acted with great courage and _. We are _ to rescue his two countrymen. determined determination determined (2)(2019 天津高考天津高考)We _our
20、training should keep pace with the current development in education. 我们下定决心我们下定决心, 我们的培训应该跟上当下教育的发展。我们的培训应该跟上当下教育的发展。 are determined that 2. disappointed adj. 失望的失望的; 沮丧的沮丧的 *(2018 全国卷全国卷) The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down. 城市里挤满了失望的人们城市里挤满了失望的人们, 他们不想在这
21、里定居。他们不想在这里定居。 *Adamski says he was very disappointed with the mayors decision. 阿达姆斯基说他对市长的决定非常阿达姆斯基说他对市长的决定非常 失望。失望。 *I am disappointed in myself when I think of how much time Ive wasted. 当想到我浪费了多少时间时当想到我浪费了多少时间时, 我对自己感到失望。我对自己感到失望。 *You must be disappointed at losing the chance. 失去这次机会失去这次机会, 你肯定很
22、失望。你肯定很失望。 【语块积累语块积累】 (1)be disappointed at 对对失望失望 be disappointed in sb. 对某人感到失望对某人感到失望 (2)disappoint vt. 使失望使失望 (3)disappointment n. 失望失望; 沮丧沮丧 to ones disappointment 令某人失望的是令某人失望的是 (4)disappointing adj. 令人失望的令人失望的; 令人扫兴的令人扫兴的 【知识延伸知识延伸】 (1)现在分词作形容词时通常具有主动关系现在分词作形容词时通常具有主动关系, 多形容客观事物多形容客观事物 体现在外的性
23、质体现在外的性质, 其修饰对象往往是物其修饰对象往往是物, 其意思是其意思是: 令人令人 的。的。 (2)过去分词作形容词时往往具有被动关系过去分词作形容词时往往具有被动关系, 多形容人或物的多形容人或物的 情绪或感受情绪或感受, 其意思是其意思是: 感到感到。 Thank you for sharing this inspiring story with us. 感谢您与我们分享这个令人鼓舞的故事。感谢您与我们分享这个令人鼓舞的故事。 After a conversation with him one would feel inspired and warm at heart. 经过与他的一
24、番交谈经过与他的一番交谈, 人们能感受人们能感受 到发自心底的鼓舞与温暖。到发自心底的鼓舞与温暖。 【即学活用即学活用】语法填空语法填空 (1)To my _(disappoint), they refused my request. (2)We were all disappointed _ the news that our picnic was cancelled because of the rain. (3)My parents will be disappointed _ me if I fail to get the master degree. disappointment a
25、t in (4)The author feels _(disappoint) about the solutions to problem of robocalls. disappointed 3. desire n. 渴望渴望; 欲望欲望 vt. 渴望渴望; 期望期望 *(2019 江苏高考江苏高考)If you desire physical activities, you can choose activities from swimming to horse riding. 如果你想参加体育运动如果你想参加体育运动, 你可以选择从游泳到骑马等你可以选择从游泳到骑马等 活动。活动。 *T
26、hey desire to help those who are in need of help. 他们渴望帮助那些需要帮助的人。他们渴望帮助那些需要帮助的人。 *She desires him to solve this problem. 她渴望他能解决这个问题。她渴望他能解决这个问题。 *She desires that he (should) stay with her. 她渴望他跟她待在一起。她渴望他跟她待在一起。 *Do you have an intense desire for truth and honesty? 你是否对真相、诚实有极强的渴望你是否对真相、诚实有极强的渴望?
27、【语块积累语块积累】 (1)desire to do 渴望做渴望做 desire sb. to do 希望某人做希望某人做 desire that. . . 希望希望(从句中用从句中用should do结构结构, should 可以省略可以省略) (2)a desire for sth. 渴望渴望 (3)desirable adj. 令人满意的令人满意的; 值得要的值得要的 desired adj. 渴望的渴望的; 想得到的想得到的 【即学活用即学活用】 (1)She has _success. 她渴望成功。她渴望成功。 (2 )The people expressed their desir
28、e that the war _soon. 人民表达了早日结束战争的愿望。人民表达了早日结束战争的愿望。 a desire for should come to an end (3)What they did achieved _. 他们所做的取得了预期的效果。他们所做的取得了预期的效果。 the desired effect 4. lack n. 缺乏缺乏; 短缺短缺 vt. 没有没有; 缺乏缺乏 *(2019 全国卷全国卷)This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. 这就是动机或缺乏动机所能做到的。这就是动机或缺乏动机所能做到的。 *
29、Despite his lack of experience, he got the job. 尽管缺乏经验尽管缺乏经验, 他还是得到了那份工作。他还是得到了那份工作。 *The charges were dropped for lack of evidence. 由于缺少证据由于缺少证据, 起诉被撤销了。起诉被撤销了。 *I think you lack in the power of decision. 我认为你缺乏决断力。我认为你缺乏决断力。 【语块积累语块积累】 (1)(a)lack of 没有没有, 缺乏缺乏; 不足不足, 不够不够 for lack of 因缺乏因缺乏; 因缺少因缺
30、少; 因没有因没有 lack in=be lacking in 缺少缺少 (2)lacking adj. 缺乏的缺乏的; 没有的没有的; 不足的不足的 【名师点津名师点津】 lack作及物动词时作及物动词时, 不能用于被动语态。形容词不能用于被动语态。形容词 lacking不用于名词前。不用于名词前。 【即学活用即学活用】 (1)He _courage to do the work. 他缺乏做那项工作的勇气。他缺乏做那项工作的勇气。 (2) _could put the birds health at risk. 缺乏睡眠会危害鸟的健康。缺乏睡眠会危害鸟的健康。 (3)They did not
31、 close _customers. 他们不是因为缺少顾客才关门的。他们不是因为缺少顾客才关门的。 is lacking in Lack of sleep for lack of 5. On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space. 1961年年4月月12日日, 尤里尤里 加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。 【句式解构句式解构】 本句中本句中the+序数词序数词+n. +to do 表示第几个做某事表示第几个做某事 的的。不定式所修饰
32、的名词或代词前面常有。不定式所修饰的名词或代词前面常有only, first, last, next或序数词、形容词最高级等修饰。或序数词、形容词最高级等修饰。 *I am always the first person to get to the office. 我总是第一个到达办公室的人。我总是第一个到达办公室的人。 *He is always the first to come and the last to leave. 他总是第一个来他总是第一个来, 最后一个走。最后一个走。 【即学活用即学活用】 (1)He is the best person _. 他是出国的最佳人选。他是出国的
33、最佳人选。 (2)She is the only woman _the key university. 她是唯一被这所重点大学录取的女性。她是唯一被这所重点大学录取的女性。 to go abroad to be admitted into 6. These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed, but the desire to explore the universe never died. 这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望, 但但 探索宇宙的欲望从未消失。探索宇宙的欲望从未消失。 【句式解构句式解构】 (
34、1)句中句中made everyone sad and disappointed是 是make 的复合结构的复合结构, 即即make+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语; 其中形容词其中形容词 sad and disappointed作宾语补足语。作宾语补足语。 (2)make的复合结构如下的复合结构如下: make sb. do sth. 使使/让某人做某事让某人做某事 *Our English teacher often makes us retell the texts. 我们的英语老师经常让我们复述课文。我们的英语老师经常让我们复述课文。 make sb. /sth. done (过去分词
35、过去分词)使某人或某事使某人或某事 被被 常用于常用于make oneself known/heard/understood. . . *Its too noisy. I cant make my voice heard. 太吵了太吵了, 我不能让别人听到我的声音。我不能让别人听到我的声音。 make sb. /sth. doing使某人或某事一直做使某人或某事一直做 *He makes the boy standing there all the time. 他让那个男孩一直站在那儿。他让那个男孩一直站在那儿。 make +sb. /sth. +adj. 使某人或某事使某人或某事(变得变得)
36、 *She knew that these solutions were not going to make me happy. 她知道这些解决办法不会让我高兴。她知道这些解决办法不会让我高兴。 make +sb. /sth. +n. 让某人或某物成为让某人或某物成为 *They all want to make Jim their monitor. 他们都想让吉姆当班长。他们都想让吉姆当班长。 【即学活用即学活用】 (1)语法填空语法填空 She fears more guns on the streets will make things _(bad). He raised his voi
37、ce in order to make himself _(understand). worse understood (2)Mary tried to _(留我们吃晚留我们吃晚 饭饭). (3)He believes that the system will _ _(让他成为一名更好的医生让他成为一名更好的医生). make us stay for supper make him a better doctor 【要点拾遗要点拾遗】 1. launch vt. 发起发起; 上市上市 *NASA plans to launch a satellite to study cosmic rays.
38、 美国国家航空航天局计划发射一颗卫星来研究宇宙射美国国家航空航天局计划发射一颗卫星来研究宇宙射 线。线。 *They launched a campaign to restore law and order. 他们发起了一项恢复法律和秩序的运动。他们发起了一项恢复法律和秩序的运动。 *It is time I launched out on my own. 到了我自己创业的时候了。到了我自己创业的时候了。 *He launched into a lengthy account of his career. 他开始啰啰嗦嗦地讲述自己的工作经历。他开始啰啰嗦嗦地讲述自己的工作经历。 *The po
39、lice have launched an investigation into the incident. 警察已经开始对此事件进行调查。警察已经开始对此事件进行调查。 【语块积累语块积累】 launch vehicle 运载火箭运载火箭 product launch 产品发布产品发布 launch pad 发射台发射台 launch site 发射场发射场; 发射区发射区 launch date 下水日期下水日期; 发行日期发行日期; 上市日期上市日期 launch into sth. 开始做开始做, 投入投入 launch out into sth. 开始从事开始从事, 投身于投身于 【
40、即学活用即学活用】 (1)用用launch的适当形式填空的适当形式填空 The government _an advertising campaign to encourage people to vote. When _, the Macintosh was the smallest desktop computer ever produced. has launched launched (2)Harrigan launched into a speech about the importance of new projects. 译译: _ 哈里根发表了关于新项目重要性的演讲。哈里根发表
41、了关于新项目重要性的演讲。 2. carry on 继续做继续做, 坚持干坚持干 *The assistant carried on talking. 那个助理接着谈了下去。那个助理接着谈了下去。 *Her bravery has given him the will to carry on with his life and his work. 她的勇气给予了他继续生活和工作下去的意愿。她的勇气给予了他继续生活和工作下去的意愿。 *We would rather carry on this experiment than give it up. 我们宁可把这项实验进行下去我们宁可把这项实验进
42、行下去, 也不愿放弃它。也不愿放弃它。 【语块积累语块积累】 carry out 进行进行, 开展开展, 执行执行(计划、命令计划、命令) carry through 完成完成; 把把进行到底进行到底; 使人渡过难使人渡过难 关关 carry sb. back 使回想起使回想起; 回忆起回忆起 carry off 拿走拿走; 夺走夺走 【即学活用即学活用】 用用carry的短语填空的短语填空 (1)They will _the experiment regardless of what will happen. (2)The college team _all the prizes of th
43、e table tennis. (3)They _the discussion. (4)His determination _ him_ the difficulty. (5)The smell of the sea _ her _ to her childhood. carry out carried off carried on carried through carried back 【一语闻天下一语闻天下】 1. 3D printer makes meat in space“Its one small nibble for man, one giant bite for mankind
44、. ” 3D打印机打印机 造出太空人造肉造出太空人造肉“这是个人的一小口这是个人的一小口, 人类的一大人类的一大 口。”口。” 2. China launches a Long March 3B carrier rocket to place two Beidou navigation satellites into space at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in Southwest Chinas Sichuan Province, on Sept. 23, 2019. 2019年年9月月23日日, 我国在西南部的四川省西昌卫星发射我国在西南部的
45、四川省西昌卫星发射 中心用长征三号乙运载火箭中心用长征三号乙运载火箭, 成功将两颗北斗导航卫成功将两颗北斗导航卫 星发射升空。星发射升空。 3. Chinese space startup iSpace made history with the successful launch of its SQX-1 Y1 rocket, which is considered a major step for private companies. 中国航天初创企业中国航天初创企业iSpace成功发射成功发射SQX-1 Y1火箭火箭, 创创 造了历史造了历史, 标志着我国私企标志着我国私企(在太空探索之路上在太空探索之路上)迈出迈出 了重要一步。了重要一步。 4. John B. Goodenough just became the oldest person, at 97, to win a Nobel Prize in 2019. 约翰约翰 古迪纳夫古迪纳夫, 97岁岁, 是是2019年为止最年长的诺贝尔年为止最年长的诺贝尔 奖获得者。奖获得者。
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