1、20222022 北京海淀高三一模英语北京海淀高三一模英语试卷试卷 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30 分） 第一节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在 答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I was about to sleep when someone knocked on my window. Knock, knock. Then a three-second pause. Knock, knock. Immediately I knew it was my best friend, Ben. The
2、knock 1 was our emergency call which never means anything good. “Whats going on?” I rushed to open the window and asked. Ben climbed in. Bad news. He gave me a 2 look, and I immediately knew what it was. My heart 3 .I gave him a nod, and he sighed in response. “Where to?” I asked. “Virginia”. “Thats
3、 far from Florida.” We looked at each other knowing we were thinking the same. Both Ben and I had parents in the air-force. We were used to frequent moves. Ben and I became close friends since I crashed into Bens stand and sent plastic cups of lemonade flying into the heavens. At first, I 4 Florida.
4、 Everything changed, though, when I 5 rollerskated into Bens lemonade stand. “It must have been fate! we claimed. But I think that, maybe, there was some 6 in that lemonade, and that as it rained down on us, it cast a spell making us friends forever. Maybe your family will get moved to Virginia too.
5、 Ben said. “Yeah, maybe.” I knew the chance was low, but I chose to hope. Ben grinned at me. Though it looked sad, I saw 7 in him too. Ill have a lemonade stand 8 for you.， “Then Ill pack my roller-skates.” “Then Ill wear a poncho (雨披)” We 9 . The humid Florida night closed around us, and I felt a t
6、iny drop of liquid splash on my arm. I knew it was probably rain, but still, I thought that, maybe, it was a drop of magic lemonade, because nothing on earth can break the 10 between us. 1.A. sound B. pattern C , number D symbol 2.A. playful B. grateful C. cheerful D. meaningful 3.A. failed B. softe
7、ned C. sank D relieved 4.A. hated B. missed C. explored D appreciated 5A gradually B. narrowly C. constantly D. accidentally 6.A. sign B. magic C. flavour D. wish 7.A. hope B. joy C. courage D. support 8.A. necessary B. convenient C. ready D. useful 9.A. struggled B. argued C. laughed D. compromised
8、 10.A. rule B. bond C. barrier D. balance 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出 提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A Xu Mengtao, the flag-bearer for the Chinese delegation at the closing ceremony of 2022 Winter Olympics, has got multiple world championships. But her
9、 road 11 glory was not smooth, since it was accompanied by many injuries.It was her passion for sports, her persistence and determination that helped her continue and she finally 12 (win) the gold medal at her fourth Olympics. Her success goes beyond sports as it motivates both athletes and ordinary
10、 people in 13 (they) pursuit of dreams. B Based on AR and VR, the metaverse aims to bring people closer together in an online setting, enabling them to be connected in ways they couldnt be before. Imagine 14 (attend) a meeting from the comfort of your couch, where you dont dress up, but your avatar
11、does. Youre seated at a virtual table with other people 15 reactions and body language can be judged just as well as they would be in real life. A metaverse could very likely bring these 16 (imagine) to reality, and soon. C Everyone has a sense of humor, but its pretty evident that not everybody has
12、 a good sense of it. Psychologists axe divided on 17 humor is inborn or learnable. However, there is one thing that 18(accept) universally so farthe sense of humor is uniquely human. It is associated with laughter and laughter is associated with happiness and courage. These are qualities 19 (share)
13、with other forms of life. But if happiness is one of the goals 20 (chase) in life, then it is the sense of humor that provides the key. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38 分) 第一节(共 14 小题；每小题 2分，共 28 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑。 A Old and unrestored theatres are all around us and yet so unnoticed
14、. A new photobook unveils their often overlooked beauty. Proctors Theatre, Newark, New Jersey Although available outdoors from street sellers, food was banned in theatres to display respectability. In the late 1920s, however, the operators in Proctor5s Theatre in Newark began to set up stands to imp
15、rove the economic situation during the Great Depression. Popcorn and Coke would become a significant part of the theatre5 s income. Proctors Theatre, Troy, New York Originally opened as Proctor5s Fourth Street Theatre in 1914, it hosted famous comedians such as Jack Benny and Bob Hope. From 1929, it
16、 was successively taken over, renamed as Proctor5s Troy Theatre and switched to screening films. In the 1960s, it began playing second-run films before closing in 1977. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1979. In 2010, the theatre was repaired but is currently not be
17、ing used today. RKO Keiths Flushing Theatre, New York Originally opened in 1928, RKO Keith5s Flushing Theatre was designed by Thomas Lamb. In 1982, it was listed on the NRHP. In 1986, the theatre was bought and closed by its new owner who planned to build a shopping centre on the site, intentionally
18、 damaging the hall. In 2019, despite the preservation efforts, the hall was knocked down to make way for a residential tower block. Metropolitan Opera House, Philadelphia The theatre was originally opened as the Philadelphia Opera House in 1908. In the 1920s, it was renamed as the Metropolitan Opera
19、 House, showing silent films in addition to hosting various opera companies. In the 1940s, it became a sports arena. In 1954, it was turned into a church. In the late 1990s, the building was purchased by Mark Hatcher. The church and the developer came to an agreement on a repair for a music venue th
20、at was completed and reopened in 2018. 21. In the late 1920s, Proctor5s Theatre in Newark set up stands to _ - A show respect for the guests B. increase the theatres income C promote newly released movies D、compete with the street sellers 22. What can we know from the passage? A. RKO Keiths Flushing
21、 Theatre is well preserved. B. Proctor5 s Theatre in Troy plays second-run films now. C. Metropolitan Opera House has witnessed changes in its function. D. Proctors Theatre in Newark has been officially listed on the NRHP. 23. What is the puipose of this passage? A. To rank the old and unrestored th
22、eatres. B. To show the development of American theatres. C. To encourage people to protect the old theatres. D. To provide information on overlooked old theatres. B To the untrained eye, a pingpong ball is just a pingpong ball. To a Beverly Cleary fan, its two motorcycle helmets for mice. Ever since
23、 I read Cleary5s series about Ralph, the motorcycleriding mouse, Ive never looked at a pingpong ballor the worldthe same way. Amazing to think that its been more than forty years since I checked out The Mouse and the Motorcycle from my school library in Northport, and yet that one particular image i
24、s as clear to me as ever. And why shouldnt it be? Its perfect. How I wanted a mouse of my own to ride a toy motorcycle around my house! Thanks to Cleary5s genius, a talking mouse friend seemed not only possible but probable. While much of childrens literature attempted to explain the world from the
25、point of view of a wise and gentle adult, Cleary created characters who saw the world as only children can. With great interest, I read every book that bore Beverly Clearys name. She seemed like a friend who understood me in ways I didnt yet understand myself. Ive written eight childrens books and h
26、ave always kept Beverly5s sense of wonder in mind. I dont remember at exactly what age I decided I wanted to write books, but I know that by second or third grade, my teacher assigned a project that allowed us to focus on whatever we wanted. My best friend picked dolphins; I chose childrens authors,
27、 with a large chunk of my project being about who else? Beverly Cleary! I told that story recently to a school group. One of the students said, Thats fantastic! You did your project on children5s authors and then you became one!” “Yes,” I said. And my best friend who did her project on dolphinsbecam
28、e a dolphin!，, Really?” the students said in chorus. And that perfectly sums up why I love writing for children: the belief that fantastic, magical things can happen. Best friends can become dolphins; mice can ride toy motorcycles and become our friends. That9s what Beverly Cleaiy taught me. In the
29、hands of a gifted storyteller, anything is possible. and so very funny. 24. The Mouse and the Motorcycle impressed the author mainly because - . A. it recorded animals5 life B. it revealed the wisdom of life C. it encouraged children to raise pets D. it described the world from childrens eyes 25 . W
30、hen learning the author5 s friend became a dolphin, the students felt . A. amazed B. doubtful C. scared D confused 26. What is the passage mainly about? A. What the author created to attract children. B. What the author did to turn impossible into possible. C. How Beverly Cleary aroused childrens in
31、terest in reading. D. How the author was inspired to be a writer by Beverly Cleary. C When a chunk of ice fell from a collapsing glacier （冰川）on the Swiss Alps Mount Eiger in 2017, part of the long deep sound it produced was too low for human ears to detect. But these vibrations held a key to calcula
32、ting the ice avalanches （崩塌）critical characteristics. Low-frequency sound wayes called infrasound that travel great distances through the atmosphere are already used to monitor active volcanoes from afar. Now some researchers in this field have switched focus from fire to ice: dangerous blocks snapp
33、ing off glaciers. Previous work has analyzed infrasound from snow avalanches but never ice, says Boise State University geophysicist Jeffrey Johnson. This was different,Johnson says. A signature of a new material has been detected with infrasound. Usually glaciers move far too slowly to generate an
34、infrasound signal, which researchers pick up using detectors that track slight changes in air pressure. But a collapsea sudden, rapid breaking of ice from the glaciers main bodyis a prolific infrasound producer. Glacial collapses drive ice avalanches, which pose an increasing threat to people in mou
35、ntainous regions as rising temperatures weaken large fields of ice. A glacier ucan become detached from the ground due to melting, causing bigger break offs,” says University of Florence geologist Emanuele Marchetti, lead author of the new study. As the threat grows, scientists seek new ways to moni
36、tor and detect such collapses. Researchers often use radar to track ice avalanches, which is precise but expensive and can monitor only one specific location and neighboring avalanche paths. Infrasound, Marchetti says, is cheaper and can detect breakoff events around a much broader area as well as m
37、ultiple avalanches across a mountain. It is challenging, however, to separate a signal into its components (such as traffic noises, individual avalanches and nearby earthquakes) without additional measurements, says ETH Zurich glaciologist Malgorzata Chmiel. The model used by Marchetti is a first ap
38、proximation for this,” she says. Isolating the relevant signal helps the researchers monitor an ice avalanches speed, path and volume from afar using infrasound. Marchetti and his colleagues are now working to improve their detectors to pick up more signals across at-risk regions in Europe, and they
39、 have set up collaborations around the continent to better understand signals that collapsing glaciers produce. They are also refining their mathematical analysis to figure out each ice cascades physical details. 27. What can we learn from Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 3? A. Infrasound has a major role
40、to play in discovering new materials. B. Ice avalanches are a bigger threat to people than volcanic eruptions. C. Researchers are trying to use infrasound in detecting ice avalanches. D. Scientists employ infrasound more in mountain areas than in other places. 28. Which is an advantage of infrasound
41、 over radar? A , The combination with other relevant signals. B. The accuracy in locating a certain avalanche. C. The ability in picking up signals in wider areas. D. The sensitivity in tracking air pressure changes. 29. The underlined word “this” in Paragraph 4 refers to . A distinguishing differen
42、t components of a signal B detecting multiple avalanches at the same time C calculating the speed and path of ice avalanches D monitoring the specific location of ice breakoffs 30. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. From Fire to Ice B. Glacier Whispers C Nature is War
43、ning D. Secret of Ice Avalanches D In over 25 years, DeSimone has spun his research findings into commercial gold by launching several businesses. As a faculty member at the University of North Carolina, he provided scientific advice and held equity in the businesses. But he has never actually manag
44、ed his companies. His employers bar him from simultaneously holding an academic post and an executive position. The dual roles can present huge conflicts. Conflicts of interest （COIs） occur when an individuals personal interestsfamily, friendships, financial, or social factorscould compromise his or
45、 her judgment, decisions, or actions in the workplace, and it makes sound career sense to think about how to manage them. Researchers should disclose potential or existing conflicts across all aspects of academic life. In most places, COI management runs on an honor system. Researchers decide which
46、financial holdings and relationships to disclose to university administrators. Journals and funders adopt a similar system when they ask authors and peer reviewers about potential conflicts related to manuscript or grant approvals. Most research institutions offer training to help faculty members to
47、 understand what constitutes a potential or existing conflict. Administrators then decide whether the interest presents a conflict, and whether that conflict can be handled. If so, they create a management plan to address it. If not, researchers must abandon the work, partner with researchers at oth
48、er institutions, or leave their university. Perception plays a part in defining a potential conflict, warns Walt, a chemist at Tufts University. Investigators who develop a technology in the laboratory and then transfer it to their company could create a conflict of interest in the eyes of their stu
49、dents, Walt says. But the potential conflict can be avoided by drafting a licensing agreement that bars discoveries from automatically being transferred to the investigators company. Walt created such an arrangement to assure his students that they werent actually working for his private companies.
50、Relationships can pose conflicts when conference organizers are choosing speakers. Members of the American Society for Human Genetics program committee, which selects abstracts and talks for their annual meeting, must recuse （要求回避）themselves from considering talks by, for example, researchers at the
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