1、考试科目：243 英语二外 第 1 页 共 16 页 北京邮电大学北京邮电大学 2017 年硕士研究生入学考试试题年硕士研究生入学考试试题 考试科目：英语二外考试科目：英语二外 请考生注意：请考生注意：所有答案（包括选择题和填空题）一律写在所有答案（包括选择题和填空题）一律写在答题纸上，否则不计成绩。答题纸上，否则不计成绩。 不允许使用字典不允许使用字典 I. Word- formations (1 X10=10 points) Directions: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the words given in the
2、 blanks. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. 1. The country is trying to move from a centrally planned_ to one basically geared to the needs of the market. (economic) 2. There are no good roads in the area, so most of the ranches are only_ by jeep or other off- road vehicles. (access) 3. The two
3、 approaches are so _different that it is surprising that they have both been successful. (fundamental) 4. They spent much time comforting the _ children at the beginning of the summer camp. (homesickness) 5. We are looking for an experienced journalist to join the news teams. The salary is_. (negoti
4、ate) 6. The amount of any of these ingredients can be _ according to your taste. (adjustment) 7. The _ of the house was the only thing that made them hesitate about buying it. (remote) 8. He parked the car and smiled at her, _ assuming he had passed the test. (complacent) 9. You always follow your o
5、wn _ instead of thinking of our feeling. (incline) 10. The man stood in front of the bar, _ to the argument that was going on across the road. (indifference) 考试科目：243 英语二外 第 2 页 共 16 页 II. Grammar and Vocabulary (0.5 X30=15 points) Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four c
6、hoices marked A ,B ,C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentences. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. 1. Blind people have more acute hearing than most people_. A. do B. hear C. do them D. hearing it 2. _you wait, all that happens is that you get older. A. after B. if C. sinc
7、e D. unless 3. Do tell me the truth, _you? A. cant B. dont C. wouldnt D. wont 4. There_nobody in the room, he decided to steal the money in the drawer. A. to be B. to have been C. being D. be 5. The former athlete is unable to move _ now after she got hurt. A. about B. on C. through D. in 6. I _to h
8、im because he phoned me shortly afterwards. A. neednt have written B. cant have written C. mustnt have written D. might not have written 7. We would view favorably any sensible suggestion that we _maintain the business. A. would B. ought to C. must D. should 8. The house seemed muted, hushed as if i
9、t _ deserted. A. were 考试科目：243 英语二外 第 3 页 共 16 页 B. has been C. had been D. would be 9. _ from the top of the mountain, the city doesnt seem very attractive. A. Looking B. Looked C. Having looked D. To look 10. For one thing there isnt time, _ we havent enough money. A. whats more B. as well C. for
10、another D. in addition 11. _ it all in the pot and see what happens? A. Why not to throw B. Why dont throw C. Why not throwing D. Why not throw 12. There was no doubt in his mind _ the man was serious. A. why B. that C. whether D. when 13. People are to the soldiers is _ water is to the fish. A. wha
11、t B. as C. that D. like 14. _ theyre expensive, they last forever and never go out of style. A. As long as B. As C. While D. Even 15. Barry had an advantage over his mother _ he could speak French. A. since that B. in that C. at that D. so that 16. Shes completely _ to my feelings. A. insensitive B.
12、 allergic C. sensible 考试科目：243 英语二外 第 4 页 共 16 页 D. infected 17. Many people are comfortable with life in the slow _ . A. way B. track C. road D. lane 18. _ the string carefully around the second stem with the other hand. A. swerve B. twist C. depart D. swing 19. Eric lost his footing and began to _
13、 into the pit. . A. skate B. skid C. slide D. slip 20. Such a decision would _ a huge political risk. A. lead B. assure C. entail D. accomplish 21. Theres still a _ chance that he may become Prime Minister. A. distant B. unlikely C. slim D. Narrow 22. He displayed a sublime indifference to the _ bet
14、ween right and wrong. A. separation B. division C. distinction D. difference 23. The Inspector remembered her as a small, mousy woman, _ worried. A. subsequently B. consequently C. invariably D. fortunately 24. The people living beside the river have an _ supply of water. A. exploited B. controversi
15、al C. inexhaustible D. remarkable 25. The reports of the explosion were brief and _, so I have to 考试科目：243 英语二外 第 5 页 共 16 页 read more in other newspapers to know the details. A. uninformative B. startling C. harmless D. uncontrollable 26. Half- ruined, _a building untouched, its a desolate place. A
16、. nearly B. hardly C. merely D. barely 27. The fourteenth century cathedral was_ to a mass of rubble. A. sunk B. reduced C. forced D. declined 28. Both difficulty and failure did not _ his passion. A. frustrated B. prevented C. discouraged D. accomplished 29. Persistent _ or criticism can be highly
17、demoralizing. A. disapproval C. dissatisfaction B. distaste D. dismay 30. She was despised because she was of humble _. A. origin B. generation C. descent D. root IIIReading Comprehension (2X20=40 points) Directions: In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-
18、 choice questions. Read the passage and then Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. Passage 1 A finding in recent years shows that men cannot manufacture blood as efficiently as women can. This makes surgery riskier for men. Because they do not breathe as often as women, men also need more oxygen.
19、But men breathe more deeply and this exposes them to another risk. They draw more 考试科目：243 英语二外 第 6 页 共 16 页 of the air when it is polluted. Mens bones are larger than womens and they are arranged somewhat differently. The feminine walk that evokes so many whistles is a matter of bone structure. A m
20、an has broader shoulders and a narrower pelvis, which makes him stride out with no waste motion. A womans wider pelvis, designed for childbearing, forces her to put more movement into each step she takes with the result that she displays a bit of jiggle and sway as she walks. If you think a man is b
21、rave because he can climb a ladder to clean out the roof gutters, dont forget it is easier for him than for a woman. The angle at which a womans thigh is joined to her knees makes climbing difficult for her, no matter whether it is a ladder or stairs or a mountain that she is tackling. A mans skin i
22、s thicker than a womans and not nearly as soft. This prevents the suns radiation from getting through, which is why men wrinkle less than women do. Women have a thin layer of fat just under the skin and there is a plus to this greater fat reserve. It acts as an invisible fur coat to keep a woman war
23、mer in the winter. Women also stay cooler in summer. Because the fat layer helps insulate them against heat. Mens fat is distributed differently. And they do not have that layer of it underneath their skin. In fact, they have considerably less fat than women and more lean mass. 41 percent of a mans
24、body is muscle compared to thirty- five percent for women, which means that men have more muscle power. When we mention strength, almost 90 percent of a mans weight is strength compared to about 50 percent of a womans weight. The higher proportion of muscle to fat makes it easier for men to lose wei
25、ght. Muscle burns up five more calories a pound than fat does just to maintain itself. So when a man wants to loss weight, the pounds roll off much faster. For all mens muscularity they do not have the energy reserves women do. They have more start- up energy, but the fat tucked away in womens nooks
26、 and crannies provides a rich energy reserve that men lack. Cardiologists at the University of Alabama who tested healthy women on treadmills discovered that over the years the female capacity for exercise far exceeds the male capacity. A woman of sixty who is in good health can exercise up to 90 pe
27、rcent of what she could do when she was twenty. A man of sixty has only 60 percent left of his capacity as a 考试科目：243 英语二外 第 7 页 共 16 页 twenty- year- old. 1. That boys suffer more from air pollution can possibly be justified by the fact that_. Athe male have larger bones than the female. Bwomen can
28、manufacture blood more efficiently than men. Cmen usually breathe more deeply than women. Dwomen breathe as often as men. 2. The different ways men and women move their body indicate that_. Abone structures in men and women are arranged differently. Bwomens bones are more ready to movement. Cmen alw
29、ays move their bodies with waste motions. Dwomen are good at climbing upwards. 3. It can be concluded from the passage that_. Amen suffer more from suns radiation than women do. Bmen will be more exhausted than women after a long trip. Cthe higher proportion of fat in womens body makes them easier t
30、o lose weight. Dan aged man can still exercise his body as he was young. 4. The best title for the above article is_. AWhy Men Lack Capacity for Exercise over the Years. BHow Mens Bones Are Arranged Differently from Women s. CStudies on Differences and Similarities between Men and Women. DMen and Wo
31、men: Some Differences. 5. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? AMore oxygen needs to be prepared when a man is having surgery. BMans courage has nothing to do with males body structure. CA woman usually stays cooler in summer and warmer in winter. DIt is easier for
32、 a man to lose his weight. Passage 2 The shift from silent to sound film at the end of the 1920s marks, so far, the most important transformation in motion picture history. Despite all the highly visible technological developments in theatrical and home delivery of the moving image that have occurre
33、d over the decades since 考试科目：243 英语二外 第 8 页 共 16 页 then, no single innovation has come close to being regarded as a similar kind of watershed. In nearly every language, however the words are phrased, the most basic division in cinema history lies between films that are mute and films that speak. Ye
34、t this most fundamental standard of historical periodization conceals a host of paradoxes. Nearly every movie theater, however modest, had a piano or organ to provide musical accompaniment to silent pictures. In many instances, spectators in the era before recorded sound experienced elaborate aural
35、presentations alongside movies visual images, from the Japanese benshi (narrators) crafting multivoiced dialogue narratives to original musical compositions performed by symphony- size orchestras in Europe and the United States. In Berlin, for the premiere performance outside the Soviet Union of The
36、 Battleship Potemkin, film director Sergei Eisenstein worked with Austrian composer Edmund Meisel (1874- 1930) on a musical score matching sound to image; the Berlin screenings with live music helped to bring the film its wide international fame. Beyond that, the triumph of recorded sound has oversh
37、adowed the rich diversity of technological and aesthetic experiments with the visual image that were going forward simultaneously in the 1920s. New color processes, larger or differently shaped screen sizes, multiple- screen projections, even television, were among the developments invented or tried
38、 out during the period, sometimes with startling success. The high costs of converting to sound and the early limitations of sound technology were among the factors that suppressed innovations or retarded advancement in these other areas. The introduction of new screen formats was put off for a quar
39、ter century, and color, though utilized over the next two decades for special productions, also did not become a norm until the 1950s. Though it may be difficult to imagine from a later perspective, a strain of critical opinion in the 1920s predicted that sound film would be a technical novelty that
40、 would soon fade from sight, just as had many previous attempts, dating well back before the First World War, to link images with recorded sound. These critics were making a common assumptionthat the technological inadequacies of earlier efforts (poor synchronization, weak sound amplification, fragi
41、le sound recordings) would invariably occur again. To be sure, their evaluation of the technical flaws in 1920s sound experiments was not so far off the mark, yet they 考试科目：243 英语二外 第 9 页 共 16 页 neglected to take into account important new forces in the motion picture field that, in a sense, would n
42、ot take no for an answer. 6. which of the following is the most significant development in the history of film? A. The technological innovation of sound film during the 1920s B. The development of a technology for translating films into other languages C. The invention of a method for delivering mov
43、ies to peoples homes D. The technological improvements allowing clearer images in films 7. The word regarded in the passage is closest in meaning to_. A. analyzed B. considered C. altered D. criticized 8. The word paradoxes in the passage is closest in meaning to_. A. difficulties B. accomplishments
44、 C. parallels D. contradictions 9. Which of the following is NOT true of the technological and aesthetic experiments of the 1920s? A. Because the costs of introducing recorded sound were low, it was the only innovation that was put to use in the 1920s. B. The introduction of recorded sound prevented
45、 the development of other technological innovations in the 1920s C. The new technological and aesthetic developments of the 1920s included the use of color, new screen formats, and television. D. Many of the innovations developed in the 1920s were not widely introduced until as late as the 1950s. 10
46、. Which of the following is true about the technical problems of early sound films? A. Linking images with recorded sound was a larger obstacle than weak sound amplification or fragile sound recordings B. Sound films in the 1920s were unable to solve the technical flaws found in sound films before t
47、he First World War. 考试科目：243 英语二外 第 10 页 共 16 页 C. Technical inadequacies occurred less frequently in early sound films than critics suggested D. Critics assumed that it would be impossible to overcome the technical difficulties experienced with earlier sound films. Passage 3 More than a decade ago,
48、 cognitive scientists John Bransford and Daniel Schwartz, both then at Vanderbilt University, found that what distinguished young adults from children was not the ability to retain facts or apply prior knowledge to a new situation but a quality they called “preparation for future learning.” The rese
49、archers asked fifth graders and college students to create a recovery plan to protect bald eagles from extinction. Shockingly, the two groups came up with plans of similar quality (although the college students had better spelling skills). From the standpoint of a traditional educator, this outcome
50、indicated that schooling failed to help students think about ecosystems and extinction, major scientific ideas. The researchers decided to go deeper, however. They asked both groups to generate questions about important issues needed to create recovery plans. On this task, they found large differenc
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