1、2023年广东省广州市海珠区中考一模英语试卷一、语法选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从115各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Once upon a time when Earth was young, Winter ruled. Mountains, rivers and forests _1_ with snow and ice. The floor(隔层) _2_ Earth and Sky was so hard that Sun couldnt pass through to warm t
2、he ground.A big bear, called Fisher, had magic in his tail _3_ helped him catch fish. He decided to bring Summer to Earth. Fisher invited all of Earths creatures to a meeting.“We will find a way to warm Earth,” he said. “Who _4_ with me to the place where Earth is closest to Sky?”Wolverine agreed to
3、 go with Fisher.Fisher used his magical tail _5_ fish for them to eat along the way. After many days, they reached the top of _6_ mountain on Earth, so high that it almost tickled Sky.There Fisher tried his best to hit the Skys floor, _7_ he made only a tiny scratch (抓痕). He _8_ break through to Sky
4、.“Let me _9_,” cried Wolverine. “I am the strongest.”Wolverine hit against the Skys floor, once, twice, three times. Finally, a tiny crack appeared. He kept jumping and _10_ widened the crack into a hole.Soon Sun sent _11_ light through the hole, and they watched as the snow began to melt.“We must m
5、ake the hole bigger,” Fisher said. Then, using his sharp teeth, he bit off more pieces of the Skys floor. Suddenly _12_ band of Sky People ran toward them.By the time they reached him, hed widened the hole enough _13_ Sun could warm Earth for half of every year.“Stop, thieves,” they cried. “Stop _14
6、_ our warmth!”Fisher ran away but one arrow struck his tail and he began falling. He hit the Skys floor and turned into stars in the sky.If you look up to Sky _15_ a clear night, you will see him there still.1.A. cover B. covered C. are covered D. were covered2.A. between B. among C. on D. in3.A. wh
7、o B. which C. what D. whose4.A. went B. goes C. will go D. have gone5.A. to catch B. catch C. of catching D. caught6.A. high B. higher C. highest D. the highest7.A. because B. but C. so D. or8.A. mustnt B. shouldnt C. couldnt D. neednt9.A. try B. to try C. tries D. trying10.A. succeed B. success C.
8、successfully D. successful11.A. it B. them C. its D. their12.A. / B. a C. an D. the13.A. so that B. as soon as C. because of D. even though14.A. steal B. stealing C. to steal D. steals15.A. at B. on C. in D. for二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1625各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Grayson did
9、nt want to talk to anybody. His friends were all discussing their class projects for the weekend excitedly. Graysons cheeks grew warm with _16_. How could they understand his feelings when their parents would help them? His parents worked all the time.When school was over, Grayson ran out and raced
10、home. He _17_ his backpack on the floor, and walked heavily to his room.“How was school today, Grayson?” Grandpa asked.“It was okay, I guess.”“It doesnt seem like that.”Grayson told Grandpa about the _18_. Each student needed to build something with an adult, and then made a report about it.Grandpa
11、listened _19_. “That sounds nice,” he said. “Why are you so _20_?”Grayson felt sadness rising inside him. “I dont have anyone to help me.”Grandpa raised his eyebrows. “What am I?” he asked. “A useless person?”Grayson froze in _21_. “You will do it with me, Grandpa?”“Sure!” Grandpa said.Graysons hear
12、t seemed so light. Maybe this project wasnt so bad.After dinner, they sat at the table and made a list of ideas. They settled on building a robot from old boxes.When they finished, the kitchen table was a mess. But Grayson couldnt stop _22_.“I think its the best robot I have ever built. Now I have t
13、o write my report,” Grayson said.He ran to Grandpas side and hugged him. “Thank you, Grandpa. I had a lot of _23_.”“Me, too. Maybe next time we can _24_ something that explodes, like a volcano.” Grandpa said.Grayson smiled again. He could _25_ wait.16.A. happiness B. excitement C. embarrassment D. a
14、nger17.A. took B. dropped C. displaced D. reached18.A. project B. report C. bus D. school19.A. angrily B. quietly C. sadly D. rudely20.A. afraid B. upset C. excited D. cheerful21.A. silence B. fear C. surprise D. difficulty22.A. smiling B. tidying C. thinking D. watching23.A. praises B. work C. prob
15、lems D. fun24.A. buy B. draw C. build D. write25.A. suddenly B. hardly C. patiently D. easily三、阅读（共两节，满分35分）第一节 阅读理解（共4篇，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从2640各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(A)Miss Martha kept a little cake shop. Two or three times a week a customer came in who she began taking an interest in.
16、He was a middle-aged man. His clothes were worn but he looked neat, and had very good manners. He always bought two loaves of stale bread. Never did he call for anything but stale bread. Once Miss Martha saw a red and brown mark on his fingers. She was sure that he was a very poor artist.She wanted
17、to add something good to eat to his stale bread, but her courage failed at the act. She knew the pride of artists.One day the customer came as usual, laid his coins on the showcase, and called for his stale bread. While Miss Martha was reaching for them, a fire-engine came lumbering past. The custom
18、er hurried to the door to look. Suddenly inspired, Miss Martha took the chance.On the bottom shelf was a pound of fresh butter. With a bread knife Miss Martha made a deep cut in each of the stale loaves, put in a lot of butter, and pressed the loaves tight again. When the customer came again, she wa
19、s tying the paper around them. When he had gone, Miss Martha smiled, not without a slight beating fast of the heart.For a long time that day she imagined the scene when he discovered her little kind trick.Suddenly the front doorbell jangled viciously. Miss Martha felt a little scared and hurried to
20、the front. A young man and her artist were there. His face was very red, his hat was on the back of his head, and his hair was in a mess.“Silly!” he shouted loudly. “You have destroyed me!” He held his two fists and shook them angrily at Miss Martha.“Come on,” the young man said, “youve said enough.
21、” He pulled the angry one out, and then came back. “Hes an architectural draftsman,” he said. “Hes been working hard for three months drawing a plan for a new city hall. It was a prize competition. He finished inking the lines yesterday. You know, a draftsman always makes his drawing in pencil first
22、. When its done, he rubs out the pencil lines with stale bread. Thats better than erasers. Well, today well, you know, that butter isnt well, his plan isnt good for anything now.”26. Why did Miss Martha put fresh butter in the stale bread?A. Because she wanted to help the man.B. Because she wanted t
23、o make more money.C. Because she wanted to make fun of the man.D. Because she wanted to stop the man from winning the competition.27. What do the underlined words “jangled viciously” in paragraph 7 mean?A. Rang gently.B. Rang noisily.C. Rang politely. D. Rang nicely.28. What caused the middle-aged m
24、an to shout at Miss Martha?A. Miss Martha hurt his pride.B. He was too poor to buy anything but stale bread.C. The butter Miss Martha gave him was not fresh.D. The butter destroyed his drawing for the competition.29. What can we learn from the story?A. Dont help the artists.B. Dont put butter into t
25、he stale bread.C. Help others at once when theyre in trouble.D. Understand the real needs of others before helping them.（B）Marie was born in Poland on November 7, 1867. Maries family had many troubles. Her mother was seriously ill. When Marie was 6, her father lost his job and their home. They moved
26、 to a small flat. It was noisy and crowded. But the noise did not stop her from studying.In 1883, Marie finished high school. She dreamed of becoming a scientist. But in Poland, girls were not allowed to go to college. And her family did not have enough money to send her to a university in another c
27、ountry.Reaching her dream seemed impossible.Marie and her sister Bronya decided to study in France. Marie would work to pay for Bronyas schooling. Then, once Bronya left school, she would work and pay for Maries schooling.Finally, in 1891, Maries dream came true. She entered a university in Paris. I
28、n three years, she got advanced degrees in Physics and Maths. She also met a scientist named Pierre Curie and they married in 1895.Marie studied a metal element called uranium. She wanted to study uranium because scientists knew it gave off unseeable rays of energy. She wondered where the rays came
29、from.Marie began testing rocks to find out if other elements gave off rays, too. Marie concluded two elements（元素）found in the rocks were radioactive. They were thorium and uranium.She called the energy “radioactivity”. Maries experiments were so exciting that she and Pierre soon began working togeth
30、er. One day, Marie began testing a black rock. Marie discovered a new element in the rock. She named it “polonium”. After Marie took away the polonium, the rock was still radioactive. She knew another radioactive element was inside the rock. She called it “radium”.In 1903, Marie and Pierre received
31、the Nobel Prize in Physics. Marie was the first woman to receive a Nobel Prize. In 1911, Marie accepted the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. She was the first person to receive two Nobel Prizes.Yet the work made her sick. On July 4, 1934, Marie Curie died of a blood disease that may be caused by radiation.
32、Maries discoveries helped save millions of lives and changed the scientific world. Radiation has been used to treat cancer. Her ideas about the atom helped lead to the discovery of nuclear energy.30. What happened to Marie?A. She was born in a rich family in Poland.B. She received the Noble Prizes i
33、n Physics and Maths.C. She discovered the two new elements were radioactive.D. She went to university in France because she loved France.31. What caused Marie to study uranium?A. The experiment was very exciting.B. The scientists knew nothing about uranium.C. She wanted to know where the rays came f
34、rom.D. She wanted to work together with her husband.32. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 9 mean?A. The black rock. B. The energy.C. The experiment. D. The new element.33. Whats the purpose of the passage?A. To introduce Maries life. B. To introduce Maries dream.C. To introduce the Nob
35、el Prize. D. To introduce polonium and radium.（C）Parents and teachers know how difficult the teenage years can be. Teens have always been known to do wild, even dangerous things. This was thought to be because of the “foolishness of youth”. Now, the new technology allows scientists to study the phys
36、ical development of the brain in more detail. Their discoveries have led to a new theory of why teens act this way.A Work in ProgressRecently, scientists discovered that though our brains are almost at their full size by the age of 6, they are far from fully developed. Only during youthhood our brai
37、ns truly “grow up.” During this time, they go through great changes, like a computer system being upgraded. Now, scientists have concluded that our brains continue to change until age 25. Such changes make us better at balancing impulses(冲动) with the following rules. But a still-developing brain can
38、t do it well. The result is the changeable behavior seen in teenagers.Pleasure SeekersThe studies say that teens probably take risks and behave badly. Luckily, as a brain scientist points out, the teen brain encourages such behavior in order to help teens prepare for adult life.One way the brain doe
39、s this is by changing the way teens measure risk and reward. Researchers found that when teens think about rewards, their brains produce more chemicals that create pleasure than an adult brain does. Researchers believe this makes the rewards seem more important than the risks, and makes teens feel m
40、ore excited about new experiences than adults do.Research also found that it makes social connections seem especially useful. The brain encourages teens to have a wide circle of friends, which is believed to make us more successful in life.Unluckily, this hunt for greater rewards can sometimes lead
41、teens to make bad decisions. However, it also means that teens are more possible, and less afraid, to try new things or to be independent, which can help teens leave their parents care and live their own lives successfully.34. What can we know about our brains?A. They dont develop until age 25.B. Th
42、ey are fully developed by the age of 6.C. They grow bigger only during youthhood.D. Its not easy to act on impulse with developed brains.35. How does the teen brain help them prepare for adult life?A. By making teens keep off new people.B. By leading teens to make bad decisions.C. By making teens br
43、aver to try new things.D. By changing the way teens measure pleasure and reward.36. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?A. B. C. D. 37. What can be the best title of this passage?A. The teens B. The teenage brainC. The pleasure seekers D. The work in progress（D）Marys pumpk
44、in cakesMary White, 68, is a retired teacher. She has lost weight at Keeping-fit World group in Walton, Liverpool.My cooking skills have improved since joining Keeping-fit World. I made a lot of vegetarian meals and really enjoyed the dishes in the cookbook. So when the Free Food Fair came around, I
45、 challenged myself to a vegan recipe, and my pumpkin cakes were born.Steps1. In a large bowl, add the pumpkin to half of the yogurt, and stir well. Spray a large baking plate with cooking spray.2. Meanwhile, microwave the sweet potato on high for 6 minutes. If you dont have a microwave, you can bake
46、 it with the pumpkin for 35-40 minutes.3. Mash the sweet potato until smooth. Add the remaining yogurt, the pumpkin and chickpeas, mix them together.4. When cool enough to hold, divide the mixture into 12 and shape into thick pies.5. Place on a large baking plate with baking paper, then bake for 25
47、minutes. Serve with the salad, extra yogurt, and lemon wedges.38. Why did Mary challenge herself to pumpkin cakes?A. To lose weight. B. To teach students to make cakes.C. To enjoy the dishes. D. To take part in the Free Food Fair.39. What are necessary to make the pumpkin cakes?A. High-calorie cooki
48、ng spray and a pumpkin.B. Low-calorie cooking spray and chickpeas.C. Sweet dairy-free soya yogurt and lemon wedges.D. Plain unsweetened dairy soya yogurt and a sweet potato.40. Which shows the correct steps to make pumpkin cakes?a. Bake the thick pies for 25 minutes.b. Shape the mixture into 12 thick pies.c. Mix yo
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