1、Unit 3 Language in use,Module 1 Wonders of the world,Objectives:,To summarise and consolidate tenses learned before: 1) the present simple tense 2) the past simple tense 3) the future simple tense 4) the present continuous tense 5) the past continuous tense 6) the present perfect tense,语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如
2、尽可能多的呈现一些相关例句，或可让学生从已学课文中找相应例句，引导学生试着从所观察到的语言现象中总结出语法规律。,基本时态复习,Observe,Observe the following examples carefully. They are all from this module.,1. I visited the Giants Causeway two years ago. 2. It produces electricity for millions of people in China.,一般过去时,一般现在时,3. Ive never seen it, so Im not sur
3、e I agree with you. 4. I looked to the east the sky was becoming grey. 5. Youll get there in five minutes. 6. Am I going the right way? 7. The sun rose behind me and shone on the rocks. 8. I think the Giants Causeway is the most fantastic natural wonder.,现在完成时,一般现在时,现在进行时,一般过去时,一般现在时,一般过去时,过去进行时,一般将
4、来时,1. To test your sense of observation 2. To test your ability of short-term memory 3. To test your ability of inductive method,Guess,Guessing game,1. I _ (visit) the Giants Causeway two years ago. 2. It _ (produce) electricity for millions of people in China. 3. I _ _ _ (never see) it, so Im not s
5、ure I _ (agree) with you. 4. I _ (look) to the east the sky _ _ (become) grey.,visited,produces,have never seen,agree,was becoming,looked,go,Ready?,5. You _ _ (get) there in five minutes. 6. _ I _ (go) the right way? 7. The sun _ (rise) behind me and _ (shine) on the rocks. 8. I think the Giants Cau
6、seway _ (be) the most fantastic natural wonder.,will get,Am going,rose,shone,is,以上我们已经通过归纳总结对本课的语法内容有一定的了解, 下面就让我们进一步选择讲解该语法项的重难点。,语法讲解,动词的时态,不同时间和方式发生的动作或状态要用谓语动词的不同形式来表示，这种表示动作或状态发生时间和方式的动词形式称作动词时态。 到目前为止，我们已学过英语中常用的六种时态： 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 一般将来时 现在完成时,表示经常性发生的动作、存在的状态、日常行为、爱好、习惯性动作或客观真理、科学事实
7、等。,一般现在时,I go to school at 6:30 every morning. 我每天早上六点半去上学。 The girl sings very well. 那个女孩唱得非常好。,一般现在时-谓语形式-Be,I am a junior high school student. Miss Li is our English teacher. LiMing and WangLin are my classmates.,一般现在时-谓语形式-Do,We play basketball after school. My uncle teaches at Sunshine Middle S
8、chool. I have a good friend.,1. 直接在动词后+s like - likes play - plays 2. 以s, x, sh, ch接尾的动词：+es wash-washes 3. 以辅音+o接尾的动词：+esdo - does go - goes 4. 以辅音+y接尾的动词：变y为i+esfly-flies,实义动词第三人称单数的变化规则,实义动词一般现在时的否定句和疑问句构成要借助助动词do或does。Students do not go to school on Sunday. Does your father go home at five inthe
9、 afternoon? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.,一般现在时-谓语形式-否定/疑问,一般 过去时,构成,用法,常用 时间状语,动词的过去式,yesterday last night in 1990 two days ago ,一般过去时,1. 一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2. 结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted 3. 末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped 4. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-s
10、tudied,一般过去时-动词过去式变化规则,5. 常用不规则动词过去式： am/is-was are-were do-did see-saw say-said give-gave get-got go-went come-came have-had eat-ate take-took run-ran sing-sang put-put make-made read-read write-wrote draw-drew drink-drank fly-flew ride-rode speak-spoke sweep-swept swim-swam sit-sat,一般过去时-动词过去式变化规则
11、,表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在 的状态。He said that here yesterday.I got up at six thirty yesterday morning.My father wrote a passage yesterday afternoon.Did you have a good time last summer?,一般过去时-用法,2. 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。My father often went to work by bus last year.When I was a child, I often listened to music.,一般过去时
12、-用法,yesterday yesterday morning / afternoon / evening last night / week / month / year two days / a week / three years ago in 1990 ,一般过去时-常用时间状语,肯定式： 主语 + 动词过去式 + We heard a sound. 否定式： 主语 + did + not + 动词原形 + We did not / didnt hear any sound. 一般疑问式： Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + ? Did you hear a sound? Yes, w
13、e did. / No, we didnt.,一般过去时-肯定式/否定式/一般疑问句式,be,am is are,waswere,肯定式：主语 + was / were + 否定式：主语 + was not (wasnt) / were not (werent) + 一般疑问式： Was / Were + 主语 + ? Yes, 主语 + was / were. No, 主语 + was not (wasnt) / were not (werent).,巧记动词过去时态,动词一般过去时，表示过去发生事； be用was或用were，have, has变had； 谓语动词过去式，过去时间做标志；
14、一般动词加-ed，若是特殊得硬记； 否定句很简单，主语之后didnt添； 疑问句也不难，did放在主语前； 谓语之前有did，谓语动词需还原； 动词若是was, were，否定就把not添。, 肯定句: 主语 + am/is/are + -ing 否定句: 主语 + am/is/are + not + -ing 疑问句: Am/Is/Are + 主语 + -ing,现在进行时,现在进行时表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作。,现在进行时-基本结构,表示说话时正在进行的，目前正在发生的动作。常带有表示目前时刻的时间副词, 如：now, at the (very) moment, for the
15、time being, at present, 及Look! Listen! ., Look! The big bird is flying away. 看，那只大鸟正在飞走。 He is watching a movie now. 他现在正在看电影。,现在进行时-用法,2) 表示目前一段时间内正在进行，但说话时可能没有进行的动作。,Right now I am studying Chinese by distance learning. 我现在正通过远程教育学习汉语。,现在进行时-用法,3) 与always, constantly, forever, all the time等副词连用，表示
16、动作反复或习惯。此时句子常含有说话者的强烈情感在内。表达较强的“责备”或“表扬”之意。, You are always changing your mind. 你总是主意不定。(太烦人了。) He is always helping others. 他总是帮助别人。(他真是个好人。),现在进行时-用法, He is leaving on Wednesday. 他将于周三离开。 Mary isnt here at the moment. She is coming later.玛丽现在不在这儿，她一会儿来。,现在进行时-用法,4) 对于come, go, leave, arrive, start
17、等表示位置移动的动词常可用进行时态表将来。,在过去某一时刻正在进行的动作They were eating breakfast at 7:00 am yesterday. (b) I was writing a letter at this time yesterday. (c) Five minutes ago, Danny was looking out of the window and Suzy was reading a book.,过去进行时,过去进行时表示过去某时正在进行的 动作或存在的状态。,2. 在过去某段时间一直在进行的动作 (a) From 1983 to 1998, he
18、 was teaching at Yale. (b) They were building a dam last winter.,(1) 基本结构：was / were + verb-ing(2) 否定式：was / were not + verb-ingwas not = wasnt were not = werent,I was doing some shopping. People were running wildly.,I was not reading. People were not running wildly.,过去进行时-句式,(3) 疑问句：将 was / were调到主
19、语前结构为：Was / Were + 主语 + verb-ing?回答：Yes, 主语 + was/were.No, 主语 + was not/wasnt.were not/werent.,Was he running? Yes, he was. / No, he wasnt.,Were they running? Yes, they were. / No, they werent.,when, while和as这三个词都有 “当时候”的意思。,Past continuous tense with while , when and as,While Mille was watching TV,
20、 her mum was sleeping. 米莉在看电视时，妈妈在睡觉。 I saw a traffic accident as I was riding to school this morning. 今天早晨我骑车去学校时看到一起交通事故。 Was he doing his homework when the teacher came in? 当老师进来时，他正在做作业吗？,【拓展】 现在进行时可以表示将来的动作，同样，过去进行时也可以表示从过去某时看来将要发生的动作。 Lucy arrived in Beijing last Friday, but she was leaving fo
21、r Hong Kong the next morning. 上周五露西到达北京，但第二天早晨就要动身去香港了。,一般将来时其构成形式通常有以下两种： will / shall + 动词原形(shall用于第一人称) be going to + 动词原形,一般将来时,一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。,用法 We use will or shall when we talk about: things that are sure to happen in the futureplans that we are making now,Simple future tense wit
22、h will and shall,主语 + will / shall + 动词原形 主语 + will / shall not + 动词原形 Will / Shall + 主语 + 动词原形? Yes, 主语 + will / shall. No, 主语 + will not (wont) / shall not (shant).,We usually use will. We only use shall with I or we, and this usage is becoming old-fashioned.,一般将来时-结构,We use be going to when we ta
23、lk about: 1. something we decide to do 2. things that will probably happen,Simple future tense withbe going to,主语 + be going to + 动词原形 主语 + be not going to + 动词原形 Be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形?,1) be going to表示将来的打算，有时并没有特定的将来时间状语。 I am going to be a basketball player.我想成为一名篮球运动员。 2) what, where, when,
24、how引导的特殊疑问句How are you going to do that? 你打算怎样做？,next Monday / Tuesday .next week / month / year the coming Sunday / Monday this afternoon / eveningtomorrow the day after tomorrowtonight,一般将来时-时间状语,现在完成时,现在完成时表示过去发生或者未发生的事对现在造成的影响或结果。,肯定句：主语 + have / has + 过去分词 + 其他 否定句：主语 + havent / hasnt + 过去分词 +
25、其他 一般 Have / Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 疑问句：？ 肯定答语：Yes, 主格代词 + have / has. 否定答语：No, 主格代词 + havent / hasnt.,现在完成时-构成,1. 表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。I have finished my work.We have set up many new factories. 2. 动作发生在过去，强调对现在的结果、影响等。Have you ever seen the film “Harry Potter”?Ive spent 3 years in the countryside.,现在完成时-用
26、法,3. 表示动作发生在过去，并且一直持续到现在，甚至还可能继续下去，句中使用持续性动词，且常有表示一段时间的时间状语。,We havent seen each other for ten years. Ive been an English teacher for about 20 years.,4. 现在完成时可以用在条件或时间状语从句中，表示将来某个时刻之前已经完成的动作。,Ill go home as soon as I have finished my homework. Please lend me that book if you have finished reading it
27、.,1) 现在完成时 + since + 点时间状语(名词、短语、从句，其中从句用一般过去时) 2) 现在完成时 + for + 段时间状语 3) It / This is the first / 其他序数词 / last time + that 从句中，从句使用现在完成时。,1) Mary has been ill since three days ago. 2) Mary has been ill for three days. 3) It is the first time that I have visited the city. This is the best film that
28、Ive (ever) seen.,现在完成时-句型,现在完成时表示某一已经完成的动作对现在造成的结果或影响，强调的是现在的情况，所以不能与表示过去的时间状语连用；一般过去时只表示某一动作或状态在过去发生或存在过， 与现在不发生联系，它可以与表示过去的时间状语连用。,He has read that book. (说明他现在知道那本书的内容。) He read that book last year. (只说明他去年读过那本书。 ) He has gone to America. (他现在不在此地， 到美国去了。) He went to America. (只说明他去过美国。),现在完成时-与一
29、般过去时的区别,1. already 已经，常用于肯定句中。I have already seen the film. 我已经看过这部电影了。 2. yet 1) 已经，常用在疑问句中。Has Linda read the book yet? 琳达已看过这本书了吗?2) 还，仍然，常用于否定句和疑问句。He has not begun to work yet. 他还未开始工作。,现在完成时-与already, yet, just, ever, never 连用,3. just 刚刚，常用于肯定句中I have just finished lunch. 我刚吃过午饭。 4. never 从来没有
30、，表示否定He has never seen such a tall building. 他从未见过这么高的楼。 5. ever 曾经，主要用于疑问句Have you ever wanted to travel around the world? 你曾经想要周游世界吗？,以下部分为课本练习，供老师在对答案时选择使用。,P6,1,Explain the differences in meaning between Sentences a) and b).,1 a) I often play basketball.b) I am playing basketball now. 2 a) She h
31、as gone to the Great Wall.b) She has been to the Great Wall. 3 a) They had an English class yesterday.b) They were having an English class at nine oclock yesterday morning.,现在经常做,现在正在做,去了某地,去过某地,过去某时间做过,过去某时间正在做,4 a) He is doing an interview.b) He has done an interview.5 a) We are drawing a picture
32、of Victoria Falls now.b) We will draw a picture of Victoria Falls.,现在正在做,现在已经做完,现在正在做,将要做,P6,2,Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in the box.,appear finish give rain talk visit walk,1. listen! It _ outside. 2. The great musician _ a concert in Guangzhou next month. 3. Last sum
33、mer, my parents _ the Terracotta Army in Xian.,is raining,will give,visited,4. He _ already _ a new book about travel. 5. Thousands of people _ along the Great Wall every year. 6. A few minutes later, a stranger _ at the end of the street. 7. The students _ about the journey to the Grand Canyon when
34、 the teacher came into the classroom.,appear finish give rain talk visit walk,has finished,walk,appeared,were talking,Complete the passage with the correct form of the words in brackets.,P7,3,The sun was going down when we (1) _ (arrive) at the ground floor of the building. I (2)_ (be) afraid of goi
35、ng to the top of tall buildings, so I was a little nervous when I (3)_ (walk) into the lift. The lift (4)_ (climb) faster and faster until we (5)_(reach) the 88th floor. It (6) _ (be) high up there, but I was not afraid when I stood at the top.,arrived,was,walked,climbed,reached,was,The Jin Mao Towe
36、r in Shanghai, one of the tallest buildings in the world, (7) _ (be) 420.5 metres high. It was built in 1999, and it (8) _ (have) a fantastic view of Pudong District and the center of Shanghai. I really like the tower and I am sure I (9)_ (visit) it again.,is,has,will visit,P7,4,Work in pairs. Talk
37、about the wonders of the world you have or have not visited.,A: Have you ever visited the Great Wall? B: Yes, I have./ No, I havent. A: When did you visit it? / When will you visit it? B: I visited it five years ago. / Maybe Ill visit it next year.,Now complete the table.,P7,5,Complete the sentences
38、 with the correct form of the words in the box. There is one extra word.,ancient high long natural opinion wonder,1. The Changjiang River is about 6,300 kilometres _. 2. The Terracotta Army is a famous _ wonder in China.,long,ancient,3. For my homework I have to write an article about the _ of the w
39、orld. 4. Mount Qomolangma is the _ mountain in the world. 5. In my _, the Great Wall is the greatest man-made wonder in the world.,ancient high long natural opinion wonder,wonders,highest,opinion,P8,6,Complete the passage with the expressions in the box.,Im really (1) _ my visit to the Louvre Museum
40、 in Paris. Its the most visited museum in the world every year, (2) _ people visit it. The Louvre is in an old building, but to get inside you must (3) _ a giant glass pyramid that is (4) _ 20 metres tall. The entrance to the museum is (5) _ the pyramid. Some people do not like the glass pyramid. Th
41、ey say it looks too new and does not suit the older building. I do not (6) _ them. I think it looks great!,agree with at the bottom of go through looking forward to millions of more than,looking forward to,millions of,go through,agree with,at the bottom of,more than,P8,7,Listen and number the pictur
42、es.,a,b,c,P8,8,Listen again and complete the table.,P9,9,Work in pairs. Think about three other wonders of the world and talk about them.,A: Where is? B: Its A: How high is it? B: Its metres high.,Work in groups of four. Make a poster about a wonder of the world. Decide on the wonder of the world fo
43、r your poster. Find out as much information as you can in books or on websites.,Module task:,Making a poster of a wonder of the world,1. Why should people visit the wonder?2. What will people visit the wonder? 3. How can people get there?4. How much does it cost to visit the wonder?5. When is the be
44、st time to visit the wonder? Make a poster. Find some pictures showing the wonder. Present your poster to the class.,六种时态一览表,. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. Mr Wang is our maths teacher and he _ (go) home once a month. 2. Listen! Who _ (cry) in the next room? 3. Jane _ (water) the flowers in the garden at thi
45、s time yesterday.,goes,is crying,was watering,Quiz,4. I _ (use) this pen for a long time but its still good. 5. The Kings _ (visit) a friend of theirs next week. 6. You _still _ (read) a novel! But its time for the meeting. 7. They _ (know) each other since they were young boys.,have used,will visit
46、/ are going to visit,have known,are reading,. 单项选择 1. Liu Yang _ Hong Kong three times already.A. was in B. went toC. has gone to D. has been to 2. When Tom _ here, we will finish the work. Im afraid so.A. will get B. getsC. got D. is getting,3. Where _ your cousin _ two years ago, Lucy? In Changchun.A. did; work B. does; workC. has; worked D. will; work 4. _ you _ him anywhere before? Yes, but I cant remember where I _ him.A. Did; meet; met B. Have; met; metC. Did; meet; have metD. Have; met; have met,
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