1、Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero,Learning about language,league,guidance,out of work,devoted,mean,Word-consolidation-I,progress,mankind,fact,fees,youth,calmness,selfishness,illness,loneliness,hopeful,hopefully,peaceful,peacefully,beautiful,beautifully,successful,successfully,success,beauty,My nam
2、e is Robert Sobukwe. Like Nelson Mandela I was a _who believed that all _is created _. I hate _and tried to use _ways so that black people could _for their government. As I live in South Africa, the _of the South African _did not agree with me . They _me for encouraging the blacks to fight against t
3、he government and put me in prison.,lawyer,mankind,equally,violence,vote,legal,official,attacked,Republic,Ex. 3 of Learning about Language,Nobody was allowed to talk to me for five long years and I lost the ability to talk. Before I went to prison, I had been _hat things would change. After I was re
4、leased I found the _of life for black people had got worse. I was _my future, and soon I fell ill. Although I was not as successful as Nelson Mandela, many people remember me as one of the first _black fighters for human rights in South Africa.,hopeful,worried about,quality,active,Find out all the a
5、ttributive clauses in Reading.,Line 2: The time when Line 5: to whom I went for advice Line 7: for which I was grateful Line 9: The school where Line 12: This was a time when Line 15: The day when Nelson Line 20: we have reached a stage where we Line 22: The parts of town in which Line 23: The place
6、s outside the towns where Line 25: we were put into a position in which Line 26: in a way which,1.在复句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 2.定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。 3.引导定语从句的连词叫关系代词或关系副词。 关系代词：who,whom,whose,that,which, as 关系副词：when,where,why 如果先行词是指人，用who,whom,whose, that引导定语从句。如果先行词是指物，用that,which,whose引导。,Which baby is Jack
7、?,穿红裤子的baby是Jack。,The baby is Jack.,The baby is Jack.,who is wearing red trousers,the handsome the tall the strong the clever the naughty,boy,The boy is Tom.,The boy who is handsome is Tom.,The boy who is tall is Tom.,The boy who is strong is Tom,The boy who is clever is Tom,The boy who is naughty i
8、s Tom., The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling., The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face.,The boy who is smiling is Tom.(主语),The boy who has a round face is Tom., The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me.,The man who sits in front of me is Tom., The man is kind. Everyone likes him.,The man (who) everyone
9、 likes is kind.(宾语), The woman got the job. We saw her on the street.,The woman (whom) we saw on the street got the job., The teacher will give us a talk. We met the teacher yesterday.,The teacher (whom) we met yesterday will give us a talk., The boy is in the lab. You want to talk to him.,The boy (
10、whom) you want to talk to is in the lab.,The boy to whom you want to talk is in the lab., This is the boy. I sit behind him.,This is the boy (whom) I sit behind.,This is the boy behind whom I sit.,Which boy do you like better?,apple,the red the green the small the big,The apple which/that is red is
11、mine.,The apple which/that is green is yours.,The apple which/that is red is small,The apple which/that is green is big.,关系代词:,1. who指人,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）,The man who I talked with is our teacher.,A person who steals things is called a thief.,2. whom指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略, 如介词提前则不能省),The man (whom/who) I nodde
12、d to is Mr. Li.,The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li., Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat. The goat is eating her flowers.,Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat which/that is eating her flowers., Can you lend me the book? You talked about it last night.,Can you lend me the book (which/that) you talke
13、d about last night.,Can you lend me the book about which you talked last night?,Do you find the pen? I wrote with it just now.,Do you find the pen with which I wrote just now?,Do you find the pen (which/that) I wrote with just now?,3. which 指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略, 如介词提前则不能省),These are the trees which wer
14、e plantedlast year.,This recorder （which） he is using is made in Japan.,Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?,Is this the library from which you borrow books?, that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）,A plane is a machine. It can fly.,A plane is a machine that can fly.,He is the man. I told you about
15、him.,He is the man (that/who/whom) I told you about.,He is the man (that) I told you about., 注意：介词提前时只能用which 而不能用that 。,4. that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）,A plane is a machine that can fly., that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。,I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.,Ive read al
16、l the books that are not mine.,This is the first book (that) he has read.,This is the very book that belongs to him.,(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something,anything, little, much 等不定代词时。,(2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时。,(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。,(4)先行词被the only, the very, the same修饰
17、时。,在下列情况下只用which,不用that。 1，引导非限定性定语从句。 2，直接作介词的宾语。 3，避免与that重复。 Here he worked on a short film, which won him a job as the youngest film director in the world. Many people were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.,whose 在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词 与
18、whose 后的名词为所属关系。 whose 多指人，也可指物，指物时可与 of which 互换使用。Whose 用来代替 his，her，their，its.,This is the book whose cover is blue. This is the book of which the cover is blue. Do you know the girl whose father died in Iraq,2. 如何选择关系代词?who ,whom, whose, which, that口诀: 前看先行词, 辩清人或物 后看从句里, 有无主宾语,指人的关系代词：that/whow
19、homwhose 指物的关系代词：that/whichwhose,在从句中作主语,宾语,在从句中作定语,在从句中作宾语,在从句中作主语,宾语,在从句中作定语,Spielberg,_ _ mother was a teacher, was born in a small town. This was a film_ _ Spielberg used real actors instead of toys. The reason_ he could not go there was that his grades was too low. This was the moment _ Spielbe
20、rgs career really took off. Jurassic Park,_Spielberg made in 1993, is about a park_a man keeps different kinds of dinosaurs. ET is about a young boy _makes friends with a small creature from outer space.,The Attributive Clause,whose,in which/where,why / for which,when / at which,which,where,who/ tha
21、t,7.He told everything _ he had seen in the traffic accident. 8.This was the best model of the TV set _ the factory produced last year. 9.Alice,_dress is all red, looks very pretty. 10.The first thing _I am going to do this evening is to write a report about the experiment. 11. It was heard in Beiji
22、ng, _ is one hundred kilometers away. 12. Workers built shelters for survivors _ homes had been destroyed.,that,that,whose,that,which,whose,13.Yesterday I met doctor Wang _ told me the good news of his sons passing the examination. 14.The two pupils _ you taught three yeas ago have become teachers.
23、15.He began to work in Beijing in the year_ New China was founded. 16.I dont know the reason_ she did nt agree to our plan. 17.This is a soldier_ died in the war of Resistance,who/that,who / that / whom,when,why,Who/that,Ill never forget the day when I joined the league.,on which(=on the day),=,We s
24、till remembered the days when we travelled together.= in which(=in the days),The time _ I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.,when,1. Ill never forget the days _ we spent together on the farm. when B. which C. where D. in which 2. Ill never forget the days _ we studied t
25、ogether. when B. which C. where D. in which口诀: 前看先行词, 辩清人或物 后看从句里, 有无主宾语,B,A,This is the house where I lived two years ago.,in which(=in the house),=,Harvard is a world-famous university. There Wang An got his Doctors degree,Harvard is a world-famous university where Wang An got his Doctor degree.,T
26、he place _ we visited yesterday is a school for disabled children.,Which/that,Do you know the reason why she was late.,for which(=for the reason),=,I dont believe the reason _ you gave me,(that, which),The mines where I worked were 9 km from my home. The reason why I got a job was because of my hard
27、 work. The time when I arrived was late at night. The government building where we voted was very tall The date when I joined the ANC Youth League was the 5th of August.,Answer key to exercise 2 on page 37,The person with whom I lived was a good friend of mine. The house in which I was staying was f
28、ar away from my work. The company for which I worked was founded five years ago. The address to which all my letters were sent was in South Africa. The team for which I did research is the best in China. The scientist from whom the government heard the bad news never lost heart when he was in troubl
29、e.,Answer key to exercise 3 on page 37,S1: The school was very large. S2: The school in which I learned judo was very large. S3: The school to which I was sent was very large. S4: The school at which I studied French was very large.,Play the game,Divide the students into groups of four. The first person begins with a sentence and each person in the group adds extra and different information using the attributive clause.,play the game,Homework,Summarize the rules of where/when/why attributive clauses.,
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