1、1. What do you think green house gases do? 本句中think后接了一个由what引导的宾语从句。但应注意的是: 特殊宾语从句即当一般疑问句主句的谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose, consider, imagine, guess 和 suggest 等时，表疑问的词要放在主句前即句首。 例如：,正 Who do you think will win in the game? 误 Do you think who will win in the game? 当然一般情况下宾语从句的疑问词应放在主句之后，例如： 误 Why do
2、you know we cant cut down the big tree? 正 Do you know why we cant cut down the big tree?,2 it is a rapid increase compared to most natural changes.,1). vt. 比较；对照。 comparewith表示“把与相比 (同类相比) ” 如： Compare your answers with those at the back of the book to see if they are right. 把你的答案同书后面的答案对照一下，看看是否正确。
3、 My handwriting can not be compared with my fathers.,我的书法不能与我父亲的相比。,2)vt. 喻为；比拟。 compareto 表示“把比做（异类相比，比喻）” 如： Mans life is often compared do a candle. 人生常被比为蜡烛。 Shakespeare compared the world to a stage.,知识拓展 compared to /with 与相比, 只能作状语 Compared to /with many women, she was indeed very fortunate.,
4、莎士比亚把人世比做舞台。,3.How has this come about and does it matter?,come about : 发生，造成 相当于happen When Mother woke up, she didnt know what had come about. Ill never understand how it came about that you were late three times a week. 你知道那次空难是怎么发生的吗?随着电的使用，种种大变化发生了。,With the use of electricity, great changes ha
5、ve come about.,Do you know how the air accident came about?,4. There is no doubt that.,一、作不可数名词,作“疑惑;怀疑” 肯定句中doubt多接whether (一般不用if代替) 同位语从句。如: Theres some doubt _hell keep his promise. 他会不会信守诺言还难说。 She had her doubts _the new book would sell well. 她怀疑新书是否会畅销。,whether,whether,否定句中doubt多接that同位语从句。 如
6、: There is no doubt _ they will ask you for help. 毫无疑问,他们会请你帮忙的。 I have no doubt _ you will succeed. 我毫不怀疑你会成功的。,that,that,二、作及物动词常用于下列句型中, 作“怀疑; 不能肯定; 不大相信“解, 一般不用进行时态。 用于否定句或疑问句, 后接that引导的宾语从句。如: I dont doubt _ he is telling the truth. 我毫不怀疑他在讲真话。 Do you doubt _ he will win the match? 你怀疑他会赢这场比赛吗?
7、,that,that,用于肯定句,一般接whether 或if引导的宾语从句.如: I doubt _we will make a profit out of it. 我认为我们不可能从此事中获利。 We doubt _she will be persuaded. 我们不知道她会不会被说服。,whether/if,whether/if,5. subscribe to 同意 ;赞成；订购 常用于疑问句和否定句 Ive never subscribed to the theory that people are more important than animals.我从来没有同意过人比动物更重要
8、的理论。 2) I dont subscribe to the idea that money brings happiness.我不同意金钱能带来快乐的观点。,6it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon. 全球转暖是人为的，而不是随意的自然现象。,It isthat 是强调句式，被强调部分是human activity, 强调全球转暖的原因是认为的。rather 在这里的意思是“在更大的车高度上”，与than连用，可以译为“不是, 而
9、是”。类似的用法有： The parents should be punished rather than the boy. 改受到惩罚的是那男孩的父母而不应当是男孩。,7. Some byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases, the most important one being carbon dioxide.the most important one being carbon dioxide 是一个独立主格结构，由名词+分词构成，在句中做补充说明或伴随的状况。,_(时间允许的话)，I will show you
10、around the city. _(今天是星期天)，I dont have to go to work. _ (没有人要说的话)，the meeting was closed.,Time permitting,Today being Sunday,Nobody having any more to say,这是一个含蓄虚拟条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句形式表示出来，而是通过一个介词短语或其他方式表示。常用的词或短语有：without, but for，but that，otherwise，or，but等。 Without your help ( = If we had not had y
11、our help)，we could not have succeeded 要是没有你的帮助，我们是不会成功的。,8.Without the green house effect, the earth would be about thirty-three degrees Celsius cooler than it is.,But for electricity (= If there were no electricity)，there would be no modem industry 要是没有电，就不会有现代工业。,He was having a meeting with his s
12、tudents；otherwise he would have come. 他当时正与他的学生进行讨论，否则的话他就来帮我们了。,He felt very tired yesterday, or he would have attended the party他昨天很累, 不然他就参加那个聚会了。,quantity 量,quantity of 大量的,eg: 就食物而言，他讲究量不讲究质。,He prefers quantity to quality when food is concerned. quantity 也可以用作可数名词，表示“数量” Police found a large q
13、uantity of illegal drugs. 警方发现了大量违禁药品。,9. It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the stmosphere causing the global temperature to go up. 它意味着更多的热能将被困在大气层中，从而引起全球气温上升。动词tend后面跟不定式，表示“有的倾向，有的习惯”，或译为”倾向于，趋于”。,如： It tends to snow heavily here in winter. 这里的冬天往往雪下的很大。 trap诱捕; 使陷入困境；留住。如： S
14、and and leaves trapped the water in the stream. 沙石和树叶淤住了溪流。 They finally trapped the mouse in a cage. 最后，他们用罩子把老鼠逮住了。,10. go up 上升；增长。如：The temperature in this area has gone up 2 degrees than that at the same time last year. 这个地区的气温比去年通义时期上升了两度。,11. result in,result in 结果; 致使; 导致 主语： in 的宾语：,起因,结果,A
15、cting before thinking always results_ failure. 做事不先考虑总会导致失败。 The accident resulted_ the death of two people. 这场意外事故造成两人死亡。,in,in,result from 起于, 由于, 由引起， 主语： from 的宾语： His sickness resulted_ eating too much.,起因,结果,from,12. state v.陈述，声明； n. 状况，情况；国家；+n.state +that从句+wh-从句； 可用于被动结构，也可用过去分词作定语。,+n.sta
16、te +that从句+wh-从句；,他已公开声明他会支持那项政策。 He has publicly _ _ _ for the policy.,stated his support,2.我听见那位官员说不接纳儿童。 I heard the official state that they would not accept children. 3.合同清楚地叙述了那项工作应在何时完成。 The contract stated when the work should be finished.,eg: 她今天心情不好。eg: 国家首脑,n.状况，情况；国家,She is in a terrible
17、 state today.,the head of state,13. range,v. 排列, 使成行；偏袒，站在的方面。 n. 范围(尤指从到各种种类, 可供选择的范围等，可加不定冠词) ；排列 beyond the range of超越的范围 out of ones range 某人达不到的 这家商店商品品种多。 The shop keeps_.,a wide range of goods,14.Greenhouse gases continue to build up in the atmosphere. 温室气体继续在大气层中聚集。,build up 逐步建立，增加，增进 build
18、 up ones fortune build up ones strength build up the business This built up my hope after the interview. Sediment (沉淀物)builds up on the ocean floor.,collect 累积, 收集,养精蓄锐,累积财富,扩大, 发展,增加, 支持, 树立,15.Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going t
19、o keep on warming for decades or centuries. 即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的含量，在（未来）几十年或几个世纪内，气候仍会持续转暖。,even if (也作even though) 即使；尽管。引导状语从句。如： Jody had all these feelings even if she had no way to express herself. 即使乔迪没有办法表达自己，她还是感受到了这一切。 Believe us. We will back you to the end even if you fall. 相信我们，即使你失败，我们也支持你到底。,16. keep on doing 继续做某事 （=continue/go on doing）。如： We kept on studying late into the night. 我们坚持学习到深夜。 keep on doing 与keep doing 在意思和用法上大致相同，经常可以互换使用。,但在表示“连续不断或持续的状态”时，常用keep doing; 而在强调“继续干某事”（尽管动作是时断时续的）时，常用keep on doing。如： You should keep waiting here until he comes. 你应当在这里一直等到他来。,
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