1、Unit3 A healthy lifeGrammar and Useful StructuresTeaching materialNSEFC Book 6 Unit 3Teaching aimsEnable the students to master the usage of it. Teaching important quit；manage Step2 Lead inSlide show Discovering “It”1It rains heavily . 指天气2. It is 20 kilometers from Granddads house to James. 指距离3. I
2、t is November 11, 2005. 指日期4. It is 9 oclock at night. 指时间5. It is bad to smoke. 形式主语6. It is no good smoking. 形式主语7. It is likely that he will succeed. 形式主语Step3 The use of “it”一、 “it”作人称代词1. it 的最基本用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复 :Xian is a beautiful city, isnt it?They watched the train until it disappeare
3、d in the distance.2. 也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子 ):Is this your dog？No, it isnt.二、it 作非人称代词 it 有时并不指具体的东西，而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等，称为非人称的 it：1. 指天气：It is a lovely day, isnt it?It is a bit windy.2. 指时间: It was nearly midnight when she came back.3. 指环境: It was very quiet in the caf. 4. 指距离：It is half an h
4、ours walk to the city centre from my home.5. 指日期：Whats the date today? Its May 1, 2007.6. 指季节：It is summer now.7. 指度量：It is about 5 kilograms.8. 指价值：-Whats the cost of the T-shirt?-It is 150 Yuan.三、it 用作形式主语替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。1. 代作主语的动词不定式，其句型为（1）It be adj.（for sb.）to do sth
5、.此处 adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词：easy，difficult ， hard，necessary，unnecessary，possible，impossible ，likely，unlikely ，right，wrong ，important，unimportant，legal，illegal，well-mannered，ill-mannered，polite，impolite，clear，obvious，certain ，suitable，proper，fit，useful，useless，dangerous It is illegal（for a teenager）to drive
6、 a car without a license.（2）It be adj. of sb. to do sth.此处 adj. 通常为描述人的形容词：kind，unkind，nice，rude，cruel ，considerate ，thoughtful，thoughtless ，careful，careless，silly，foolish ， stupid，clever，wise，crazy.Its kind of you to help me with the problem.（3）It 替代作主语的动名词的常见句型Its no good/use doingIts（well）worth d
7、oingIts（well）worth ones while doing/to doIts（well）worth while doing/ to doIts no use crying over spilt milk.2作形式主语替代主语从句1. It is clear ( obvious，true ，possible ，certain) that.该句型中 it 是形式主语，真正的主语是 that 引导的主语从句，常译为 “清楚（显然，真的，肯定 ） ” 是主语从句最常见的一种结构。例如：It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree.
8、 It is strange that it hasnt been noticed before.真奇怪，它以前没有引起注意。2 It is v-ed that=sb/sth is to doIt is said (reported/ learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.) that. 该句型中的 it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是 that 引导的主语从句；该结构常译为“据说（据报道，据悉 ） ”。It is said that he has come to Beijing.It is reported that another earth sat
9、ellite has been put into orbit. It is + noun +从句 It is a pity (a shame /an honor /a good thing/a fact /a surprise/.) that. 该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形） ，should 可省去表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然” 。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。例如：It is a pity that such a thing (should) happen in your class. 这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！It is a pity th
10、at he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！ 四、it作形式宾语当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词宾语从句时，往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面，而用it 作形式宾语，放在宾语补足语之前。该句型中的it 作形式宾语，常用的动词有think, believe, make, find, consider, feel等。 I think it no use arguing with him.我认为和他争吵没有用。I found it very interesting to study English.我发现学英语非常有趣。He made it clear that he was not interest
11、ed in this subject.他非常清楚地表示他对那门学科不感兴趣。五、用于强调句型It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who . It is not until + 被强调部分 + that . I met Tom in the park yesterday1) It was I who met Tom in the park yesterday.2) It was Tom who I met in the park yesterday.3) It was in the park that I met Tom yesterday.4) It was yesterday
12、that I met Tom in the park.It was five oclock _when_I got home.It was at five oclock_that_ I got home.It was she who that had been wrong 是她错了。（主语） It was the girl whom that I met just now我刚才遇见的就是这个女孩。（宾语） It was Tom to whom the teacher had talked老师与其谈话的那个人是汤姆。（介词宾语） It was on Monday night that all t
13、his happened所有这一切就是在星期一的晚上发生的。（状语）It is not until + 被强调部分 + that . 该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语 “直到才” ，可以说是not . until . 的强调形式。例如: It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. = Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film sta
14、r. = I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.六、it 常用的固定搭配1. make it（1）在口语当中相当于 succeed，表示：成功、做到、说定、赶上、及时到达例 Its hard to make it to the top in show business.（2）在口语中相当于 fix the date for，表示“ 约定好时间”例 Shall we meet next week？OK. We just make it next Saturday.2take i
15、t/things easy 相当于 Dont worry or dont hurry. 用来劝告别人，表示“不要慌，别担心，存住气” 例 Take it easy！ He will do it well.3It all depends/that all depends 在口语中，相当于 it hasnt been decided yet，表示“那得看情况，还没有定下来”例 Are you going to the countryside for holiday？It/That all depends.4. Its up to sb. 在口语中，相当于 its decided by sb. 表示
16、“ 由决定，由负责，取决于”例 Shall we go out for dinner？Its up to you.Step3 ExercisesRewrite the following sentences, using “Its that”.1 Im still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometers in an afternoon. That is amazing.It is amazing that I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometers in an afternoon.2. My father has qui
17、t smoking. That is wonderful.It is wonderful that my father has quit smoking.3. You could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking. (It is likely).It is likely that you could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.4. China produces one third of the worlds cigarettes. It is reported.It is repor
18、ted that China produces one third of the worlds cigarettes.5 Bird flu(禽流感 ) hit China again. That is known to us.It is known to us that bird flu(禽流感) hit China again.6. Li Yuchun got more than one million Yuan for the advertisement. People say that.It is said that Li Yuchun got more than one million Yuan for the advertisement. 7. Some young people think that they look attractive when they smoke. It seems thatIt seems that some young people think they look attractive when they smoke.Step 4 Homework1. Revise and master the use of it.2. Pre-view the Reading: HIV/AIDS: Are you at risk?
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