1、Unit 2 The environment,基础自测,内容索引,要点探究,当堂达标,Period Three Task,写作专题,基础自测,.重点单词 1. vi.排队等候n. 队，行列 2. vt.&vi.减少n.减少 3. vi.& vt.钻(孔)，打(眼)n.操练，训练 4. n.措施，方法；尺度vt.测量；估量，判定,queue,decrease,drill,measure,5. n.洪水；大批，大量vt.& vi.淹没；泛滥；大量涌入,flood,.重点短语 1. 排队等候 2. 变成，成为 3. 采取措施 4. 创立，建立 5. 致力于，献身于 6. 挑选，找出 7. 到目前为止
2、,queue up,turn into,take steps,set up,devote to,pick out,so far,.重点句式China has taken many steps to stop the process of desertification，_farmers to build fences (which stop wind from blowing the soil away)，and money for people in dry areas to plant more trees and bushes. 中国已采取诸多措施来阻止沙漠化的进程，如鼓励农民搭建栅栏(
3、这些栅栏能阻止风把土壤吹走)，以及给干旱地区的人们提供资金，让他们种植更多的树木和灌木。,encouraging,including,providing,1.现在分词的用法,This is you must draw a conclusion. 这时你必须得出一个结论。,when,2.when引导的表语从句,要点探究,重点词汇,经典句式,难句分析,be used to do sth.被用来做某事 be/get used to (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事 used to do sth.过去经常做某事(但现在不做了) be used as/for被用作,Desertification
4、，the name for what happens when land that can be used to grow crops turns into desert，is a growing world problem. 沙漠化是指能用来种植庄稼的土地变成沙漠这一过程，这是一个日益严重的全球性问题。,归纳拓展1,重点词汇,(1)There used to be a restaurant here. 过去这里有一家餐厅。 (2)He has been/got used to getting up early. 他已经习惯早起了。 (3)Ads are often used as scrap
5、 paper for shopping lists. 广告宣传单通常被用来当便条纸列购物清单。,语境助记1,(1)用所给动词的正确形式填空 Are you used to (live) in the urban area? Is the material used to (make) tyres? The villagers used to (cut) forest for sale on the hills.,题组训练1,living,make,cut,(2)After half a years training，they were made entirely to staying unde
6、rwater. A.to be used B.be used C.being used D.used,答案,解析,句意为：训练半年后，他们已经完全习惯于待在水下。be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事。故选D。,turn into变成，成为 turn on/off开/关(水、煤气或电灯等) turn in交出；上缴 turn to转向；求助于；变成；着手 turn up开大(音量或热量等)；被发现，被找到 turn down关小；调低；拒绝 turn out结果是；生产；培养,归纳拓展2,(1)First ever all-night tube trains turn Lond
7、on into a city that never sleeps. 史上第一的通宵地铁使伦敦成了一个不夜城。 (2)Be sure to turn off the light before you leave the room. 离开房间前务必关灯。 (3)You must turn in your uniform when you leave the army. 你离开部队时，必须把军服上缴。 (4)Their talk turned to the change that had taken place in the city. 他们的话题转到了城市发生的变化上。,语境助记2,(1)Dont
8、 worry.Im sure your missing glasses will sooner or later.(2015湖北，26) A.stand out B.break up C.get out D.turn up,题组训练2,答案,解析,句意为：别担心，我相信你迟早会找到丢失的眼镜的。stand out站出来，坚决反对；break up打碎，解散；get out出去，泄露，出版；turn up出现，被找到。故选D。,(2)Tom had to the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.(2015天
9、津，10) A.turn in B.turn down C.turn over D.turn to,答案,解析,句意为：因为太忙，上周末汤姆不得不拒绝了聚会的邀请。turn down拒绝，符合语境。turn in上交；turn over (使)翻转，调转；turn to (使)转向，求助于。,decrease v.减少，减小；n.减少,This is one of the cheapest and best ways of decreasing desertification. 这是减少沙漠化最廉价、最有效的方式之一。,归纳拓展,decrease,to.减少到 by.减少了,on the de
10、crease在减少中 注意：decrease作名词时，常用作可数名词，如have a decrease。,(1)Industrial enterprises in Bulgaria plan to decrease investments by 30.4 percent this year in comparison with the previous year. 相比前一年，今年保加利亚的企业计划减少30.4%的投资。 (2)The population decreased to 1 million last year. 去年人口减少到一百万。 (3)The population of th
11、is city is on the decrease. 这个城市的人口正逐渐减少。,语境助记,题组训练,(1)今年物价预计降低不到1%。 Prices are expected to less than 1% this year.,decrease by,(2)It has been reported that exports of that company have decreased 3%. A.to B.by C.with D.at,答案,解析,表示减少的数量用by，故选B项。,The centre has over 300 scientists devoted to finding m
12、easures that will stop desertification. 这个中心有300多名科学家致力于寻找阻止沙漠化的措施。,measure n.措施，方法；尺度；vt.测量；估量，判定 make sth.to sb.s measure照某人的尺寸做某物 by measure按尺寸 take measures采取措施，这时measure通常用复数形式。,归纳拓展,(1)Mr.Smith asked the tailor to make some new clothes to his own measure. 史密斯先生要求裁缝照他的尺寸做一些新衣服。 (2)Eat at pleasu
13、re，drink by measure. 尽情吃饭，适量饮酒。 (3)At the same time they are taking strong measures to protect wildlife resources. 同时他们正在采取强有力的措施来保护野生动物资源。,语境助记,题组训练,(1)The new-found island， 12 kilometres by 7 kilometres，has been purchased by the army as a military base.(2017南通中学高二月考) A.measured B.measures C.which
14、is measured D.measuring,答案,(2)Mum made a new coat little Toms own measure. A.with B.for C.to D.by,答案,解析,make a coat to ones own measure按照某人的尺寸做件外套。,pick out找出，辨认出，挑选 pick up捡起；搭载；接人；取物；接收(信号等)；(无意中)学会；起色；好转,There are also things that can be done at a national or international level，such as sharing i
15、nformation between countries and using satellites to pick out areas likely to be affected by desertification. 还有些事情需要通过国家的力量或国际合作才能完成，如国与国之间共享信息资源的方法，利用卫星找出可能会受到荒漠化影响的地区。,归纳拓展,(1)There are so many great newscasters；its difficult to pick one out. 有这么多优秀的新闻播音员，很难从中挑出一个。 (2)She was picked out from doze
16、ns of applicants for the job. 在大批的求职者中她被选中来做这项工作。 (3)He is beginning to pick up after the operation. 手术后他的病有了好转。,语境助记,题组训练,(1)If，from the air，we a few landmarks，we will find it easier to understand the growth of London.(2017扬州中学高二期中) A.pick up B.pick out C.put up D.put out,答案,(2)Mary a lot of Spanis
17、h by playing with the native boys and girls. A.picked up B.took up C.made up D.turned up,答案,解析,句意为：玛丽和当地的男孩和女孩在一起玩学了很多西班牙语。pick up(偶然)学会；take up从事，占用；make up组成，弥补；turn up卷起，出现，发生。故选A。,This is when you must draw a conclusion. 这时你必须得出一个结论。,经典句式,表语从句在复合句中作表语，对主语的内容加以补充，有时说明主语的状态。它位于主句的连系动词后，引导表语从句的词有连词
18、that，whether，as if；连接代词who，what，which；连接副词when，where，how，why等。,归纳拓展,(1)This is where our problem lies. 这就是我们的问题所在。 (2)The problem is whether the meeting will be held. 问题是会议是否召开。,语境助记,题组训练,(1)My suggestion is (我们应该削减产量). (2)China is no longer (过去的样子了).,that we (should) cut back on production,what it
19、used to be,(3)A ship in harbor is safe，but thats not ships are built for.(2015安徽，25) A.what B.whom C.why D.when,答案,解析,考查表语从句的引导词。句意为：船停在港口里是很安全的，但那并非建造船的目的。thats not后跟从句作表语，表语从句中的for后缺少宾语，用what引导，故选A。why和when是连接副词，不能作宾语；whom指人。,China has taken many steps to stop the process of desertification，includ
20、ing encouraging farmers to build fences (which stop wind from blowing the soil away)，and providing money for people in dry areas to plant more trees and bushes.,难句分析,自主翻译:_ _ _,句式分析：介词短语including.在句中作 。encouraging.和providing.两个并列的 短语作介词including的 。,中国已采取诸多措施来阻止沙漠化的进程，如鼓励农民搭建栅栏(这些栅栏能阻止风把土壤吹走)，以及给干旱地区
21、的人们提供资金，让他们种植更多的树木和灌木。,状语,动名词,宾语,当堂达标,.单词拼写,1.The town was destroyed by after the storm. 2.He joined the long of people waiting for the bus. 3.It is necessary to the amount of coal used. 4.They took strong (措施) against dangerous driving. 5.The soldiers woke up at dawn for their (操练).,floods,queue,de
22、crease,measures,drills,.选词填空,6.The wind was very strong and the rain just . 7.Teachers like the students their study. 8.The old building was a library. 9.We a committee to study the problem. 10.The ground water now.,poured down,devoted to,turned into,set up,is covered with,11.Six people were killed
23、in the incident，_ (包括一名婴儿). 12. (过去曾经有) a large car park on this site. 13.The problem is (我们应该待在哪里). 14.We are making further efforts to (减少军事开支). 15.Its bad manners (插队).,.完成句子,including a baby/a baby included,There used to be,where we should stay,decrease military spending,to jump the queue,.单项填空,
24、16.Shanghai Disneyland fantasy fairy-tale castle， about 60 meters high，is the highest of that kind in the world.(2016海安中学高二检测) A.measures B.being measured C.measuring D.measured,答案,解析,考查非谓语动词。句意为：上海迪士尼乐园梦幻城堡有大约60米高，是世界同类建筑中最高的。measure此处为系动词，表示“量起来”，用现在分词作定语，所以选择C。,17.Its good manners to when you wan
25、t to get on the bus. A.queue up B.make up C.turn up D.take up,答案,解析,句意为：排队上公交车是个好习惯。queue up意为“排队”，符合题意。make up组成；turn up调大，出现；take up拿起，占据。,18.What does the model plane look like? Well，the wings of the plane are of its body.(2016湖南衡阳二中高二检测) A.more than the length twice B.twice more than the length
26、C.more than twice the length D.more twice than the length,答案,解析,考查倍数表达法。答句句意为：(飞机)机翼是机长的两倍多长。倍数then.ofn.，所以选择C。,19.Oh，my God！So many students are coming out.How can you your daughter? Thats easy.My daughter is wearing a red skirt today. (2016南京高二检测) A.get out B.find out C.take out D.pick out,答案,解析,考
27、查动词短语。句意为：这么多的学生出来，你怎么认出你女儿的？很容易啊，她穿的红裙子。pick out挑选，辨认出，所以本题选择D。,20.According to the police，the man called “Tuhao” to be a professional cheat in business. A.worked out B.made out C.figured out D.turned out,答案,解析,句意为：根据警察所述，那个叫“土豪”的男士结果是生意场上的专业骗子。work out计算出；make out弄清楚；figure out估算出，明白；turn out结果(是)
28、。,写作专题Desiging a poster,写作指导,典题示例,写作指导,海报写作属于应用文写作。海报是一种宣传广告，其内容是提供活动信息、介绍产品或说服别人等。 一、海报的写作格式和内容 海报一般由标题、正文和落款三部分组成。 1.标题 海报的标题写法较多，大体有以下几种形式： (1)单独由文种名构成，即在第一行中间写上“海报”字样。 (2)直接由活动的内容承担题目，如“影讯”、“球讯”等。 (3)可以是一些描述性的文字，如“风采”等。,2.正文 海报的正文要求写清楚以下内容： (1)活动的目的和意义。 (2)活动的主要项目、时间、地点等。 (3)参加的具体方法及一些必要的注意事项等。
29、3.落款 要求署上主办单位的名称及海报的发布日期。 以上的格式是就海报的整体而言的，在实际的使用中，有些内容可以少写或省略。,二、海报写作的注意事项 1.海报一定要真实具体地写明活动的地点、时间及主要内容。文中可以用些鼓励性的词语，但不可夸大事实。 2.海报的文字要求简洁明了，通俗易懂，篇幅要短小精悍。 3.海报的版式可以做些艺术性的处理，以吸引观众。,典题示例,假设最近你应学生会要求设计一幅关于环保的海报。请以右面所示图片为海报宣传画，并根据图片写一段150词左右的说明性文字。要点如下： 1.简要描述图片的内容； 2.气候变化带来的灾难以及启示； 3.我们应该如何做？(至少写两条建议) 参考
30、词汇：北极熊polar bear,Step One 审题谋篇 写作要求是写海报，写作时应注意下面几点： 1.确定文体：这是一篇应用文，是供张贴出来的海报。 2.主体时态：一般现在时、现在完成时。 3.主体人称：第三人称。,写作步骤,Step Two 联想词汇 1.坐在一小块冰上_ 2.冰融化_ 3.感到焦虑_ 4.由于_ 5.逐渐升高的全球气温_ 6.海平面_ 7.100年来_,sit on a block of ice,the ice melts,feel anxious,owing to,the rising global temperature,sea level,in/over the
31、 past 100 years/during the last 100 years,8.越来越多的人_ 9.逐渐意识到的必要性_ 10.减少碳排放_ 11.共同努力_,a growing number of people,come to realize the necessity of doing,cut down carbon emissions,make joint efforts,Step Three 句式升级 1.冰在融化，北极熊看起来很焦虑。The polar bear looks terrible every second.(since引导原因状语从句)，the polar bea
32、r gets increasingly anxious.(with复合结构作状语),since the ice is melting,With the ice melting every second,2.由于逐渐升高的全球气温，冰山在以惊人的速度融化。，the icebergs are melting at a surprising speed.(状语从句)the rising global temperature，the icebergs are melting _.(owing to表原因),Because the global temperature keeps rising,Owin
33、g to,at a,shocking rate,3.据报道，在过去的100年中，海平面每年上升10到25厘米。Sea level have risen 10 to 25 cm during the last 100 years.the sea level has risen 10 to 25 cm over the past 100 years.(it作形式主语) 4.我们的星球可以被拯救，我们也一样。Our planet can be saved， .(并列句)Our planet can be saved， .(so引导的部分倒装),is reported to,It is reporte
34、d that,and we ourselves can be saved too,and so can we ourselves,Step Four 连句成篇 Global Warming Prevention,The past ten years has witnessed such great changes in our environ- ment that various problems and disasters have appeared one by one.In a very creative manner，this cartoon presents a scene.A po
35、lar bear seats itself nervously on a small block of ice and tries to grasp something with all its efforts.The polar bear looks terrible since the ice is melting every second.,Owing to the rising global temperature，the icebergs are melting at a shocking rate.It is reported that the sea level has rise
36、n 10 to 25 cm over the past 100 years.The famous city of Venice is likely to disappear.But this can be avoided if the rise in the sea level can be stopped.Therefore，a growing number of people have come to realize the necessity of solving this issue.One major measure is to cut down carbon emissions.However，we have to be united and make joint efforts.And then our planet can be saved，so can we ourselves.,本课结束,
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