1、Unit 1 Living with technology,基础自测,语法专题,内容索引,要点探究,当堂达标,Period Two Word power & Grammar and usage,基础自测,.重点单词 1. adj.足够的，丰裕的，充足的adv.充足地 2. adj.非正式的，随便的；漫不经心的，不经意的adv.非正式地；漫不经心地 3. n.保险；保障措施vt.保证，确保 4. adj.显然的，显而易见的adv.显然地,ample,amply,casual,casually,insurance,insure,obvious,obviously,.重点短语 1. 大量的 2. 也
2、，又，还 3. 参考；指的是 4. 在之前 5. 对负责；保证 6. 适应,a large amount of,as well as,refer to,ahead of,answer for,adjust to,.重点句式,I was at the dentists last Sunday to . 上周日我去牙医诊所检查牙齿。,1.have sth.done,I in the waiting room a young man entered. 我正在候诊室里面坐着，这时一个年轻人走了进来。,2.be doing.when.,was sitting,have my teeth checked,
3、when,he was suffering great pain when he talked. 显而易见的是，他说话的时候遭受着很大的痛苦。,3.it作形式主语,It was obvious that,要点探究,(1)a large amount of大量的，修饰不可数名词。可修饰不可数名词的还有：much，a good/great deal of，large amounts of。 (2)用来修饰可数名词的有：many，many a，a large number of，large numbers of，a great/good many。 (3)既可修饰可数又可修饰不可数名词的有：a lo
4、t of，lots of，a quantity of，quantities of，plenty of。,A large amount of educational software can also be found here. 在这儿也能发现大量的教育软件。,归纳拓展,重点词汇,注意：(1)amounts of/quantities ofn.作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 (2)many a后接可数名词单数，谓语动词用单数，但意义上是复数，即“许多”。 (3)a number of后接可数名词复数，表示“许多，大量”，谓语动词用复数；the number of后接可数名词复数，表示“的数目”，谓
5、语动词用单数。 (4)a great many后一般不用of，但后接代词或所修饰的名词前有定冠词the，或后接指示代词these，those，物主代词my，their等时，需用of。,(1)He sold a large amount of information illegally for money. 为了钱，他非法出售了大量的信息。 (2)A great many students love playing basketball. 许多学生喜欢打篮球。 (3)A great many of us dont like speaking English in class. 我们当中许多人不喜
6、欢在课堂上讲英语。,语境助记,(1)用所给动词的适当形式填空 Now a great number of college graduates (seek) to get a highpaid job.But the number of posts available for them (be) often not enough. Large quantities of cotton (ship) all over the world already.,题组训练,are seeking,is,have been shipped,(2) furniture are carried to super
7、markets from the factory every day. A.The number of B.A number of C.Amounts of D.The amount of,答案,解析,解析 the number of的数目；a number of很多的，后接可数名词复数；amounts of很多的，大量的，后接不可数名词；the amount of的数量。句意为：每天都有很多家具从工厂运到超市。空后的furniture为不可数名词，故选C。,(1)as well as在句中连接两个并列的句子成分，作“也，还，和”讲。 (2)as well as后接从句时，则变成了同级比较，意
8、为“和一样好”。 (3)as well as连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与前一个名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。 (4)as well为副词短语，意为“又，另外，也，同样”。,The most popular ones have cameras and Internet access as well as games and all sorts of other functions. 最受欢迎的是那些具备拍照、上网和玩游戏以及各种各样其他功能的手机。,归纳拓展,注意：as well as连接两个并列成分时，侧重前者；not only.but (also).连接两个并列成分时，侧重后者
9、。not only.but (also).连接的并列成分作主语时，句子谓语的数遵循“就近原则”。,(1)He as well as his brothers is coming to see you. 不仅他的兄弟们，他也要来看你。 (2)He knows French，and he knows German as well. 他懂法语，也懂德语。 (3)She sings as well as she plays. 她唱得和弹得一样好。,语境助记,句型转换 (1)Not only his wife but also his children were invited to the party
10、. His children as well as his wife to the party. (2)He gave me advice as well as money. He gave me advice and money .,题组训练,were invited,as well,(1)casual adj.非正式的，随便的；漫不经心的，不在乎的；偶然的；临时的 be casual about对漫不经心 (2)casually adv.漫不经心地,We had a casual conversation in the waiting room. 在候诊室里我们闲聊着。,归纳拓展,(1)P
11、aul tried to sound casual but I could tell something must have happened to him. 保罗说话时试图显得不在乎，但是我断定他肯定出了什么事。 (2)She is casual about winning the prize. 她对获奖漫不经心。 (3)“Whats in those books youre always reading？” he asked casually.(2014浙江) 他随便问到：“在这些书里你通常读些什么？”,语境助记,(1)写出下列短语中casual的汉语意思 a casual worker
12、_ casual clothes _ a casual attitude _ a casual meeting with my old friend _,题组训练,临时的,非正式的,漫不经心的,偶然的,(2)The interview took place around the kitchen table and was very . A.nervous B.worrying C.terrifying D.casual,答案,解析,解析 句意为：采访是在厨房的餐桌周围进行的，很随意。casual随意的，符合句意。,经典句式,I was at the dentists last Sunday t
13、o have my teeth checked. 上周日我去牙医诊所检查牙齿。,(1)本句使用了have sth.done这一结构，意思是“请/让别人做某事”。过去分词作宾语补足语，宾语与过去分词表示的动词之间是被动关系。have sth.done还可表示主语“遭遇到某事”或“把某事做完”。 (2)have sb.do sth.让某人做某事 (3)have sb./sth.doing.使某人一直做/使某物正处于 (4)cant/wont have sb.doing.不允许某人做 (5)have sth.to do有某事要做,归纳拓展,(1)Many people had their house
14、s damaged in the earthquake. 许多人的房子在地震中被损坏。 (2)My teacher had me post his letter after school. 老师让我放学后给他寄封信。 (3)It was cold.They had the fire burning the whole night. 天气冷了，他们让炉火烧了一整夜。,语境助记,(1)用所给动词的适当形式填空 The woman had her handbag (steal) yesterday. I cant have you (speak) to me like this. Would you
15、 have me (go) home alone? I have a lot of homework (do)，so I cant go out.,题组训练,stolen,speaking,go,to do,(2)Claire had her luggage an hour before her plane left. A.check B.checking C.to check D.checked,答案,解析,解析 her luggage和check之间是被动关系，应用have sth.done结构，所以选D。,It was obvious that he was suffering grea
16、t pain when he talked. 显而易见的是，他说话的时候遭受着很大的痛苦。,(1)本句中it为形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。 (2)常见的it作形式主语的结构还有： Itbe名词(短语)(a pity，a shame，good news，a fact，an honor，a wonder，no wonder等)that.。 Itbe过去分词(said，told，heard，reported，decided，suggested，advised，ordered，remembered，thought，considered，announced等)that.。 It特殊动词(s
17、eem，appear，happen，matter等)that.。 Itbeadj.(strange，necessary，important等)that.。此时从句中的谓语动词通常用“(should)动词原形”。,归纳拓展,(1)Its a wonder that more people werent hurt. 奇怪的是没有更多的人受到伤害。 (2)It is said that the professor has already succeeded in carrying out the experiment. 据说这位教授已经成功地开展了这个实验。 (3)It is necessary t
18、hat he (should) be sent to the USA to study. 他有必要被送到美国进修。,语境助记,(1)值得肯定的是我们的生活将会变得更美好。our lives will become more beautiful. (2)据报道许多儿童在这场事故中丧生。dozens of children died in the accident. (3)教育的目的似乎是为了使人们得到工作。the purpose of education is to make people get jobs.,题组训练,It is certain that,It was reported tha
19、t,It seems that,当堂达标,.词形变换 1.We have (amply) time for a leisurely lunch. 2. (obvious)，what he said is wrong.Actually Helen is generous in giving help. 3.The (insure) company insures a person in many ways. 4.Such (casually) dress would not be correct for a formal occasion. 5.Television provides unive
20、rsal (entertain).,ample,Obviously,insurance,casual,entertainment,.选词填空 a large amount of，as well as，refer to，more than，ahead of 6.I finished the work several days the deadline. 7. money is spent on the project. 8.We are happy to show you around Beijing. 9.He never once his notes during the speech. 1
21、0. Russian，she speaks French very well.,ahead of,A large amount of,more than,referred to,As well as,.完成句子 11.我们请人把机器修理了一下。 We . 12.她父母和她一样对我很好。 Her parents as well as she me. 13.他正在睡觉，这时有人敲门。 He there was a knock at the door. 14.有人建议推迟会议。 It is suggested that the meeting . 15.很显然他不愿离开家乡。he is reluct
22、ant to leave his hometown.,had the machine repaired,are very kind to,was sleeping when,(should) be put off/delayed,It is obvious that,.单项填空 16.The old engineers eyes still shone bright in the wrinkled brown face and his step as he came across the room was ，though slow. A.shaky B.heavy C.casual D.ste
23、ady,答案,解析,解析 本题为and连接的并列句，后一分句中的主语his step之后的“as he came across the room”为时间状语从句，此处表示“他的脚步虽然很慢，但却很稳”，因此选D。shaky摇晃的；heavy沉重的；casual随意的。,17.If you go on doing this，we wont the consequence. A.reply to B.respond to C.answer for D.react to,答案,解析,解析 考查动词短语辨析。句意为：如果你们继续这样干，我们不会对后果负责。answer for对负责，符合句意。repl
24、y to回复；respond to回答；react to回应。,18.It is often the case anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.(2016江苏，21) A.why B.what C.as D.that,答案,解析,解析 考查主语从句的引导词。句意为：通常情况下，对于那些心存希望的人来说，一切皆有可能。本句中的it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的名词性从句，从句结构完整，不缺成分，故要用that引导。,19. the stress and pressure from her job，she bore the bu
25、rden of caring for her sick mother.(2016淮安范集高二期中) A.As well as B.As long as C.As far as D.As soon as,答案,解析,解析 句意为：除了工作上的压力外，她还肩负着照顾生病母亲的重担。as well as(除之外)也，还，符合句意。as long as只要；as far as至于；as soon as一就。,20.It was strongly recommended that the meeting with the two workers concerning the matter present
26、.(2016淮阴师院附中高二期中) A.should hold B.hold C.be held D.must be held,答案,解析,解析 It was strongly recommended that后的主语从句应用虚拟语气，会议是被举行，即(should)be held，故选C项。,语法专题,用所给动词的适当形式填空 1.The sports meeting (hold) next week. 2.The plane (leave) at 7：00 pm，so I have to be at the airport by 6：40 at the latest. 3.I want t
27、o buy that kind of cloth because I (tell) the cloth (wash) well.,及物动词与不及物动词,will be held,leaves,have been told,washes,4.Are you happy with your new computer? No，it (give) me a lot of trouble. 5.The problem (discuss) tomorrow is not the one discussed at yesterdays meeting.,is giving,to be discussed,英
28、语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语，可把动词分为及物动词(transitive verbs)与不及物动词(intransitive verbs)。及物动词后面必须跟宾语意义才完整；不及物动词后不能直接跟宾语，若要跟宾语，必须先在其后添加上某个介词，然后再跟宾语。 一、及物动词 及物动词常用于以下结构： 1.主语谓语宾语 He reached Paris the day before yesterday. (Paris是reach的宾语)他前天到达巴黎。,2.主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语 直接宾语是动词的直接作用对象，通常指事物；间接宾语是事物接受者，通常是人。 Please hand me the boo
29、k over there. (me是hand的间接宾语，the book是直接宾语) 请把那儿的那本书递给我。 当间接宾语位于直接宾语后面时，常在前面加介词to，有时用for。 I sent an email to my American teacher. 我给我的美国老师发了封电子邮件。 He bought a present for my daughter. 他给我的女儿买了一份礼物。,3.主语谓语宾语宾语补足语 宾语补足语通常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词或过去分词担任。 They asked us to go fishing with them. (us是asked的
30、宾语，to go fishing是宾语补足语) 他们邀我和他们一起去钓鱼。 This concert made her a popular singer overnight. 这场音乐会使她一夜之间成为深受人们欢迎的歌手。 He found himself lying in bed when he came to life. 当他苏醒时，他发现自己躺在床上。,Dont always keep the children indoors. 不要让孩子总是待在家里。 大多数及物动词都可以用于被动语态。 His book has been translated into different langu
31、ages. 他的那本书已经被翻译成不同的语言。 The early record players were wound up by hand. 早期的录音机是用手摇的。,二、不及物动词 1.不及物动词不跟宾语，也不能用于被动语态，但常常带状语。 My watch stopped.我的表停了。 She spoke at the meeting yesterday evening. 昨天晚上她在会上发了言。 More challenges lie ahead of me. 在我前面有更多的挑战。 The waters rose higher and higher，as a result，more
32、than 1,000 people had to leave their homes. 水位升得越来越高，结果1 000多人不得不离开他们的家园。,2.有些不及物动词可以与介词搭配，再接宾语。 The children are listening to the music. 孩子们正在听音乐。 三、兼作及物动词和不及物动词 英语中有些动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词。这样的动词有两种不同的情况： 1.兼作及物动词和不及物动词时，意义不变。 She began working as a librarian after she left school.(begin作及物动词) 她毕业后开始当图书馆
33、管理员。,Shall I begin at once？(begin作不及物动词) 我可以立刻开始吗？ When did they leave Beijing？(leave作及物动词) 他们是什么时候离开北京的？ They left last week.(leave作不及物动词) 他们是上周离开的。 2.兼作及物动词和不及物动词时，意义不尽相同。 Congress approved the bill.(approve作及物动词) 国会批准了这项法案。 Finally，her parents approved of her marriage.(approve作不及物动词) 最后，她父母同意了她的婚
34、姻。,四、注意英汉差异 有时英语动词的及物和不及物的用法，与汉语的用法不一样，请注意下列两种情况： 1.有的动词在英语中只能用作不及物动词，而在汉语中则可用作及物动词，如arrive“到达”；agree“同意”；listen“听”。英语中这些动词后面常接介词，再接宾语。 We arrived at the railway station at noon.(at不能省去) 我们中午到达了火车站。 (比较：We reached the railway station at noon.) Do they agree to the plan？(to不可省去) 他们同意这个计划吗？,2.有的动词在英语中
35、能用作及物动词，而在汉语中则不能用作及物动词，如serve“为服务”。 Our children are taught to serve the people heart and soul. 我们的孩子被教育要全心全意为人民服务。,.句型转换 1.Grandma told me an interesting story last night. Grandma last night. 2.My father has bought me a new bike. My father . 3.This term I have written three letters to my parents. T
36、his term I .,题组训练,told an,interesting,story,to me,has,bought,a new bike for me,have written,my,parents,three letters,4.Robinson Crusoe made himself a boat. Robinson Crusoe . 5.Mary handed a wallet to the schoolmaster. Mary .,made,a,boat,for,himself,handed,the,schoolmaster a wallet,.用所给动词的适当形式填空 1.Th
37、e cloth (wash) well. 2.The dishes (smell) sweet. 3.The food (taste) nice. 4.The poem (read) smoothly. 5.The book has (prove) very successful.,washes,smell,tastes,reads,proved,.完成句子 1.大家注意，我们的比赛开始了。 Please attention，everybody，our game . 2.我们开始上课吧。 Let us . 3.当云雾散去的时候，我们看见了山。 We saw the mountain when
38、the clouds . 4.他举起酒杯喝酒。 He his glass and drank.,begins,begin our class,lifted,lifted,5.谁将从这项政策中获益？ Who will the policy? 6.这场雨将对庄稼大有好处。 The rain will the crops greatly.,benefit from,benefit,1.We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite，rather than us.(2016浙江，8) A.divide B.reject C
39、.control D.abandon,答案,解析,解析 考查动词辨析。句意为：当我们学会求同存异，而非对立分歧时，我们会收获颇多。divide分开；reject拒绝；control控制；abandon放弃，抛弃。根据句意可知，选A。,1,2,3,4,5,6,2.Listening to music at home is one thing，going to hear it live is quite another.(2015浙江，18) A.perform B.performing C.to perform D.being performed,答案,解析,解析 考查非谓语动词。句意为：在家听
40、音乐是一回事，去现场听正在被演奏的音乐完全是另外一回事。题干中含有“hear宾语宾语补足语”结构，宾语it(指代music)与perform之间存在被动关系，且此处表示去现场听正在被演奏的音乐，故应用being performed作宾语补足语。,1,2,3,4,5,6,3.The team are working hard to the problem so that they can find the best solution.(2015湖北，23) A.face B.prevent C.raise D.analyze,答案,解析,解析 句意为：这个团队正在努力 这个问题，以便他们能找到最
41、好的解决方法。根据题干中的find the best solution可知，在找到最好的解决方法之前应该是先努力“分析(analyze)”问题。face面对；prevent阻止；raise提高。,1,2,3,4,5,6,4.Back from his twoyear medical service in Africa，Dr Lee was very happy to see his mother good care of at home.(2015陕西，18) A.taking B.taken C.take D.be taken,答案,解析,解析 考查非谓语动词。句意为：李博士在非洲进行了两年
42、的医疗服务，回来后看到他的母亲在家里被照顾得很好他很高兴。此处是“see宾语宾语补足语”结构，his mother与take good care of之间是被动关系，故选B项。,1,2,3,4,5,6,5.The film star wears sunglasses.Therefore，he can go shopping without .(2014北京，35) A.recognizing B.being recognized C.having recognized D.having been recognized,答案,解析,解析 考查非谓语动词。句意为：那位影星戴着墨镜，因此他可以在没人
43、认出的情况下购物了。without为介词，后面接动名词形式；the film star与recognize之间存在被动关系，故用动名词的被动式，即“being done”结构。,1,2,3,4,5,6,6.Food supplies in the flood-stricken area .We must act immediately before theres none left.(2012重庆，27) A.have run out B.are running out C.have been run out D.are being run out,答案,解析,解析 句意为：洪灾区的食物供应将要用完了，我们必须在用完之前立即采取行动。由句中“before theres none left”可知食物还没有用完，只是将要用完，故可排除表“已用完”的A项； 而run out本身含有被动意义，故排除C、D两项； 故选B项表“即将耗尽”。,1,2,3,4,5,6,本课结束,
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