1、Unit 12 Culture Shock,-2-,高频词汇,难点句型,1.owe vt.欠(情、债等);归功于;感激 高考佳句 “I think maybe we owe you an apology,” she said.她说:“我想我们应该向你道歉。” owe sb sth/owe sth to sb欠某人某物/把归功于 owe it to sb to do sth认为应该为某人做某事 owing to由于 owe sb an apology应向某人道歉,-3-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 David owed his success the good education he h
2、ad received in China in his early twenties. He owed to his teachers help that he was admitted to a key university. 写作升级 Because of the heavy snow,we put off the football match. 满分表达 the heavy snow,we put off the football match.,to,it,Owing to,-4-,高频词汇,难点句型,2.absorb vt.吸收;吸引;使专心 高考佳句 We both became a
3、bsorbed in the simplicity of playing together.我们俩都沉浸在一起玩的简单性中。(2018全国卷,阅读理解D篇) absorb sth吸收某物,理解 be/become absorbed in专心致志于;全神贯注于 absorb ones attention吸引某人的注意力,-5-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 I dont want to get too absorbed modeling.(2017全国卷,语法填空) However,when something did interest me,I could become(absorb).(
4、2016北京卷,阅读理解A篇) (absorb) in every move of mine,the foreign students were once again amazed by this unique culture.(2018北京卷,书面表达) 写作升级 A weak ray of light came in through a small hole in the wall and he concentrated on his reading. 满分表达 A weak ray of light came in through a small hole in the wall and
5、 he his reading.,in,absorbed,Absorbed,was absorbed in,-6-,高频词汇,难点句型,3.exchange vt.兑换,交换 n.交换,互换 高考佳句 So information was exchanged,but it wasnt a true,intentional back and forth.所以信息交换了,但是这不是真的,有意的来回。(2017全国卷,阅读理解D篇) exchange sth(with sb)(与某人) 交换/调换某种东西 exchange.for.以换 exchange ideas交流想法 in exchange
6、for作为的交换 make/have an exchange交换 exchange rate/the rate of exchange汇率,-7-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 The computer I bought here doesnt work well.Could I makeexchange? The Internet enables us to exchange (idea) with many others.(2016江苏卷,任务型阅读) 写作升级 And every week he cleaned Old Man McColgins chicken house to e
7、xchange manure. 满分表达 And every week he cleaned Old Man McColgins chicken house manure.,an,ideas,in exchange for,-8-,高频词汇,难点句型,4.majority n.(常与of连用)大多数;半数以上 高考佳句 According to London Underground,only 40 percent of travelers walk the full length of long escalators,leaving the majority at the bottom as
8、they wait to get on to the “standing “side.根据伦敦地铁的统计,只有40%的旅行者走完全长的自动扶梯,大多数人都在底部,他们等着上到“站立”的一侧。(2016上海卷,阅读理解C篇) the majority大多数(做主语时谓语单复数均可) a/the majority of.大多数(做主语时谓语根据of后的名词确定) in the majority占多数,-9-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 For example,if you look at the audience at a classical concert,the majority (be
9、) over the age of fifty. 写作升级 Most of them take an online language test before starting their programme. 满分表达 take an online language test before starting their programme.(2016天津卷,阅读理解A篇),is/are,The majority of them,-10-,高频词汇,难点句型,5.indicate vt.指示,表明 indication n.暗示,表明 indicative adj.指示的,表示的,象征的 高考佳
10、句 Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices and return to school. 学校和网上将提供表格,让他们表明他们的选择,并返回学校。(2018全国卷,阅读理解A篇) indicate sth表明某事 indicate that.表明 indicate to sb sth向某人暗示/提示某事,-11-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 Some data in the report shows that reading remains a big part of m
11、any childrens lives,and (indicate) how parents might help encourage more reading.(2018全国卷,阅读理解C篇) Previous studies have also indicated milk can be excellent for helping sleep.(2016四川卷,阅读理解D篇) There was every (indicate) that she was just another American teenager without much of a future.(2016江苏卷,阅读理
12、解D篇),indicates,that,indication,-12-,高频词汇,难点句型,6.familiar adj.熟悉的,常见的 高考佳句 Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids (水解胶体) from plentiful renewables like algae (藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients (烹饪原料).一些专家相信,印刷商可以使用来自像藻类和草等丰富可再生能源的水胶体来取代那些熟悉的烹饪原料。(2018天津卷,阅读理解C篇) be fami
13、liar with对熟悉 be familiar to为所熟悉 look/sound/taste familiar看/听/尝起来熟悉 单句语法填空 Small color choices are the ones were most familiar .(2018全国卷,七选五) These facts are familiar you all.,with,to,-13-,高频词汇,难点句型,7.stare v.凝视,注视,盯着看 n.凝视,注视 高考佳句 We both stared at what I believed was the coolest thing ever.我们俩都盯着看我
14、相信是最酷的东西。 (2016浙江卷,阅读理解D篇) stare at盯着看,凝视 stare sb down/out盯得某人转移目光 词义精析 (1)glare 侧重于怒视; (2)glance 指快速地看某人或某物一眼,强调动作; (3)stare 指由于生气、害怕或吃惊而睁大眼睛注视某事物; (4)glimpse 指无意识地一瞥,是短暂而急促地看,强调结果。,-14-,高频词汇,难点句型,完成句子 he gets aware of it and quiets down. 凝视着他,直到他意识到并安静下来为止。 用glare,glance,stare或glimpse的恰当形式填空 She
15、at me angrily and said,“I hate you.” Before I left,I around the room. We her at the entrance of the shopping centre as we drove by. The boy was so afraid of the dog that he at it and couldnt move.,Stare at him until,glared,glanced,glimpsed,stared,-15-,高频词汇,难点句型,8.belong vi.属于;适应 belonging n.亲密关系 bel
16、ongings n.所有物,财产,财物 高考佳句 Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. Carducci相信培养这样的一种归属感始于闲聊。(2018全国卷,阅读理解D篇) belong to sb属于(某人) belong to a club/an organization是俱乐部/组织的成员,-16-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 Suddenly it occurred to Majorcans that the island no longer belonged t
17、hem. Gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of _ (belong) or even superiority(优越感).(2016浙江卷,阅读理解A篇) We had to keep track of our (belong).(2016浙江卷,阅读理解D篇) 单句改错 After the meeting they put the chair back where it belonged to.,to,belonging,belongings,去掉to,-17-,高频词汇,难点句型,9.attach vt.附上;系,固定
18、;贴上;使依恋 attached adj.依恋的,充满爱心的;附属的;归属的 attachment n.附属;安装;感情的依属;附属物;附加的文件 高考佳句 For all the feelings readers attach to stories,literature is a numbers game,and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass. 对于读者对故事的所有感受,文学是数字游戏,时间的考验极难通过。(2018浙江卷,阅读理解A篇) attach.to.把固定到,把附在 attach importance/signifi
19、cance/value to重视;认为重要/有意义/有价值 attach oneself to参加;和在一起 be attached to附属于;依恋;爱慕,-18-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 Long-ago builders could (attach) wooden poles to the stones and rolled them across the sand,the scientists say. Please find my application letter and resume in the_ (attach). The photo attached the a
20、pplication was sometimes that of a very good-looking person and sometimes that of a less attractive person. 写作升级 Its important to practice it after we learn a theory. 满分表达 We should it after we learn a theory.,have attached,attachment,to,attach importance to practicing,-19-,高频词汇,难点句型,10.bear vi.携带 b
21、earable adj.可忍受的,支持得住的 unbearable adj.无法忍受的,承受不住的 高考佳句 Theyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again. 他们已经受到了严重的伤害,他们无法忍受让历史重演。 cant bear to do/doing sth不能忍受做某事 bear sb/sbs doing sth忍受某人做某事 bear sth in mind牢记某事 bear the blame/responsibility受责备/承担责任,-20-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 He tur
22、ned up at the hospital (bear) gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy.(2018全国卷,阅读理解D篇) The heat was (bear)almost 125 even in the shade of a cactus(仙人掌).(2016浙江卷,完形填空) But it is useful to bear in mind all such changes come from the technology and not some imagined desire by parents to keep
23、their children under their wings.,bearing,unbearable,that,-21-,高频词汇,难点句型,11.insist vi.坚持;坚决要求 insistence n.坚持;坚决主张 insistent adj.坚持的 高考佳句 If men insisted on being free from the burden of self-dependence and responsibility for the common good,they would cease to be free. 如果人们坚持不去承担自立的义务和对大家共同利益的责任,他们
24、就不会有自由。 insist on doing sth坚持(要求)做某事 insist that.坚决要求(从句谓语用should do,should可省略) insist that.坚持说,坚决认为(从句谓语用真实语气) at ones insistence在某人的坚持/坚决要求下,-22-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 Thus,Papa insisted that we (learn) at least one new thing each day. His friends insisted he (have) no connection with drugs. 单句改错 He al
25、so insisted that they would leave enough space for children.,(should) learn,had,wouldshould或去掉would,-23-,高频词汇,难点句型,12.as a result 结果;因此 高考佳句People have better access to health care than they used to,and theyre living longer as a result. 与过去相比,人们能更好地享受医疗保健,因此,他们也更长寿了。 (2017北京卷,单项填空) as a result of由于;
26、作为的结果 result in导致 result from由引起 without result徒劳;毫无结果,-24-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 We are still dealing with problems resulting errors made in the past. As result,humans developed a range of character types that still exist today. The drivers carelessness resulted the terrible accident. 单句改错 Miss Longfiel
27、d warned that a generation of children risked growing up “worried about their appearance and image as a result the unrealistic lifestyles they follow on platforms.(2018江苏卷,阅读理解D篇),from,a,in,result后加上of,-25-,高频词汇,难点句型,写作升级 We should not mistakenly believe that we always behave due to some inner dispo
28、sition. 满分表达 We should not mistakenly believe that we always behave some inner disposition.,as a result of,-26-,高频词汇,难点句型,13.bring/put an end to结束(=bring sth to an end) 高考佳句 I hope this research will put an end to advocating strictly timed baby feeding practices. 我希望这项研究将结束倡导严格定时的婴儿喂养做法。 (1)put an e
29、nd to.使结束;停止 come to an end结束,告终 bring an end to.=bring.to an end使结束;终结 at the end of.在结束时,在末 in the end最后 by the end of.到末为止 (2)end in.以为结果 end up结束;结果 end up with以结束 end up doing sth最终做某事,-27-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 Driverless cars may end up (be) a form of public transport rather than vehicles you own.
30、(2017天津卷,阅读理解C篇) The desire to be connected has brought solitude to_ end as weve known it. 单句改错 Every time he arrived home at end of the day,wed greet him at the door.(2016浙江卷,短文改错),being,an,end前加the,-28-,高频词汇,难点句型,1.You can either choose to stay on a boat or go camping and practise cooking on an op
31、en fire next to a lake.(Page 37)你可以选择待在船上,也可以去野营,练习在湖边的篝火上烧煮。 either.or.句型 (1)either.or.是一个并列结构,表示“或者,或者”,在句中应连接两个并列成分; (2)either.or.连接句子主语时,谓语动词的人称和数应按就近一致原则来确定。,-29-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 In the former case,we keep putting off a task because it is _ too boring or too difficult.(2016天津卷,阅读理解D篇) They sho
32、uld either monitor their websites better so that children do not sign up too early, they should adjust their websites to the needs of younger users.(2018江苏卷,阅读理解D篇) 单句改错 Either you or your sister have to stay with your grandmother.When its sunny,I often go to work either by bike nor on foot,which is
33、 friendly to the environment,I think.,either,or,havehas,noror,-30-,高频词汇,难点句型,2.When I first arrived in San Francisco,I had a difficult time understanding certain aspects of the American way of doing things.(Page 40)刚到旧金山时,有段时间我感到很难理解某些美国人的处事方式。 have a difficult/hard time doing sth句型 (1)have a diffic
34、ult/hard time doing sth表示“有段时间很难做某事”,也可用have a difficult/hard time in doing sth结构。 (2)类似地,have trouble/problems/difficulty (in) doing sth表示“做某事有困难”。 (3)注意:表示“在某方面有困难”应用结构have trouble/problems/difficulty with sth。,-31-,高频词汇,难点句型,完成句子 I had a difficult time . 有段时间我理解数学题有困难。 Helen_ when she was young.
35、海伦小时候和父母交流有困难。 写作升级 At that time I had problems speaking before others.I really suffered a lot of it. 满分表达 At that time I suffered a lot from the difficulty before others.,understanding maths problems,had problems/difficulty/trouble communicating with her parents,that I had speaking/I had in speakin
36、g,-32-,高频词汇,难点句型,3.I had a similar experience the last time I visited China.(Page 40)上次我到中国参观时也有同样的经历。 the last time引导时间状语从句句型 the last time“在上次的时候”,在此处用作关联词,引导时间状语从句。类似地,下面结构也常用以引导时间状语从句。 (1)名词短语:the first/second/third time; the moment; the minute; the instant; every/each time; next time等; (2)单词:di
37、rectly/immediately等。,-33-,高频词汇,难点句型,完成句子 you take a walk,no matter where it is,take in all the sights,sounds and sensations. 下次散步时,无论身在何处,都可以欣赏所有的景点、声音和感受。(2018天津卷,阅读理解D篇) ,he gives you his full attention. 你一说话,他就全神贯注地听。 you feel the urge to spread the latest news,think about why you want to gossip.
38、 下次你感到想要传播最新的消息时,考虑一下你为什么想要说闲话。(2016浙江卷,阅读理解A篇),Next time,Immediately you speak,The next time,-34-,高频词汇,难点句型,4.I cant bear the way the native Australians have been treated.(Page 42)我不能忍受对待澳大利亚土著人的态度。 先行词为way时的定语从句句型 the native Australians have been treated是一个定语从句,修饰the way,引导词that或in which省去了。way表示“
39、方法”时,后面的定语从句常用that或in which引导,也可省略,that或in which在定语从句中充当状语。如果引导词在从句中充当主语或宾语,则应用that或which引导。,-35-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 It has to continue to move,because the way the world works is not the same.(2017全国卷,阅读理解C篇) 完成句子 The way is very practical. 老师告诉我的方法很实用。 单句改错 They have the power to reach common goals i
40、n a way which traditional male managers cannot.(2016上海卷,阅读理解),that,that/which my teacher told me,whichthat或在which前加in,或去掉which,1.On March 19,Dennis got a group text informing him that a couple he didnt know were at the hospital,waiting for the (arrive) of a baby.(2018全国卷,完形填空) 2.For busy librarians
41、and (educate),finding instructions for projects,activities,sports,and games that children and teens will find interesting is a constant challenge.(2016浙江卷,阅读理解B篇) 3.The people in the hall seemed very nosy(爱窥探的),keeping their eyes on me with (curious).(2018天津卷,阅读理解B篇) 4.In fact you dont need to expla
42、in to us so much.We know youre(reason)in your demands. 5.Dont play with the knifeyou may do yourself an (injure).,-36-,arrival,educators,curiosity,reasonable,injury,6.Almost each of the students has high (expect)of what universities have to offer. 7.David always makes excuses for not phoning his par
43、ents,saying that he is busy with his work that he cant do it. 8.I dont appreciate the way the professor treats his students. 9.Before setting off,he forgot to add some petrol. a result,he couldnt get to the destination. 10.She is cooking up a storm in her latest roleshowing familiesto prepare delici
44、ous and nutritious meals on a tight budget.(2018全国卷,阅读理解B篇),-37-,expectations,so,that,As,how,-38-,1.The President read a briefly statement to reporters before boarding his plane.2.Its good manner to let others out first in a crowded supermarket.3.Oh,Dad.The dog is running after us! Dont worry,dear.D
45、ont you know the proverb:A barked dog does not bite?4.Now such high-tech products cant be made in the country,so they need exported from China.,brieflybrief mannermanners barkedbarkingexportedexporting,-39-,5.Dear Mum,dont worry about me.I have made friend with my roommates since I came here.Were no
46、w getting on very well with each other.,friendfriends,-40-,完成下面4个句子,然后通过合理想象整合成一篇短文。 1.听说你难以适应中国的生活我很难过。 I am sorry to hear that you_ your life in China. 2.首先你需要意识到你需要时间来习惯一种你不熟悉的新的文化。 First,you need to be aware that _ a new culture that you are not familiar with.,have a difficult time adjusting to,
47、it takes time to get used to,3.知道你受不了中餐,我还是建议你继续多尝一些。 Knowing that you cant bear Chinese food,Imore.,advise you to keep trying,-41-,4.另外,和同学们交流关于两个国家的不同风俗可以帮助你提高你的汉语口语,以及对中国文化的理解。,exchanging your ideas with your classmates about different customs of the two countries can help improve your spoken Chinese your understanding of Chinese culture.,
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