1、Unit 14 Careers,-2-,高频词汇,难点句型,1.reward n.奖赏;回报 vt.奖赏;给以回报;酬谢 rewarding adj.有报酬的;有益的;值得的 高考佳句 For many who made it to Dawson,however,the rewards were worth the difficult trip. 然而,对于许多前往道森的人而言,这些奖励值得去进行一次艰难的旅行。(2018全国卷,阅读理解B篇) in reward for =in return for 作为报答;作为奖赏 as a reward (for) 作为(对的)奖赏(报酬) rewar
2、d sb for sth 因某事而奖赏某人 reward sb with sth 用某物(奖赏)回报某人,-3-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 .the baby birds that most closely imitated their moms voice were rewarded the most food.(2017江苏卷,阅读理解B篇) Our own experience working together on health,development,and energy the last twenty years has been one of _ (rewarding)
3、parts of our lives.(2016四川卷,阅读理解B篇) Another is that the helping behaviors are not improved if the children (reward).(2016江苏卷,阅读理解B篇) 写作升级 She got nothing in return for her kindness,which surprised us all. 满分表达She got nothing her kindness,which surprised us all.,with,the most rewarding,are rewarded,i
4、n reward for,-4-,高频词汇,难点句型,2.charge vt.收费,要价;指控,控告;充电;猛冲 n.要价,收费;指控,控告;负责 高考佳句 The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. 雄猩猩的叫声让树摇晃了起来,同时他拍打着胸脯朝我冲过来。(2018全国卷,语法填空) charge sb with sth 指控某人犯罪 charge sb for sth 因某物收某人钱 free of charge 免费 take charge of 接管,控制 in chare
5、of 负责 in the charge of 由负责,-5-,高频词汇,难点句型,完成句子 We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20,half of what it . 我们之所以选择这家酒店,是因为在这里住一夜的费用降到了20美元,是过去要价的一半。(2017江苏卷,单项填空) There was a very naughty boy in the nursery and a teacher who was generally very confident with the children
6、was askedhim. 在托儿所有一个十分淘气的男孩,并且请来了一位平常对孩子很自信的老师来管理他。 Admission is and you dont need to book. 正常收费进入,你不必预定。,used to charge,to take charge of,at normal charges,-6-,高频词汇,难点句型,写作升级 Its what this place offers,and its free. 满分表达 Its what this place offers,and its .,free of charge,-7-,高频词汇,难点句型,3.consult v
7、.咨询,请教;查阅;商议 consultant n.顾问 consultation n.咨询;诊察;商议;会议 高考佳句 I tend to consult consumption ratings whatever I purchase.无论我购买什么,我常会查询消费评级。(2018江苏卷,书面表达) consult sb (about sth) 向某人咨询(某事) consult (with) sb about/on sth 与某人商量某事 consult a map查地图 consult.for.在上查找,-8-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 I consulted a physici
8、an,I hired a fitness coach,and I began to eat small and healthy meals.(2017天津卷,完形填空) Im a 34-year-old man,married,live in a nice house,and have a successful career as an educational (consult).(2016天津卷,阅读表达) .decisions must be imposed from above without_ (consult).(2016上海卷,完形填空),with,consultant,consu
9、ltation,-9-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句改错 If you have any doubts about your health,youd better to consult your doctor at once.写作升级 If you dont know the word,you can look it up in your dictionary. 满分表达 If you dont know the word,you can .,去掉consult前的to,consult your dictionary,-10-,高频词汇,难点句型,4.grasp vt.理解,领会;抓牢,抓紧 n.
10、理解,领悟;抓住,把握 高考佳句 A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms youll love to live in.掌握如何有效地处理空间中的色彩是创建你喜欢居住的房间的第一步。(2018全国卷,七选五) grasp sth 抓住某物;领会某事 grasp sb by the wrist 抓住某人的手腕 grasp ones meaning 领会某人的意思 have a good grasp of sth 对某物的领悟力好 beyond/within o
11、nes grasp不能/能为某人所理解,-11-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 Then,she reached out her hands to (grasp) mine. Read the novel once again,and youll have better grasp of it. 写作升级 Dont you think the children cant understand your explanation? 满分表达Dont you think your explanation is ?,grasp,a,beyond the childrens grasp,-12-,高
12、频词汇,难点句型,5.hesitate v.犹豫,踌躇 hesitation n.犹豫;踌躇 hesitant adj.犹豫的 hesitantly adv.犹豫地 高考佳句 Still,she hesitated.She didnt think she knew it well enough.她还是犹豫,她不认为她已了解得够好了。(2017北京卷,阅读理解A篇) (1)hesitate to do sth 犹豫做某事 hesitate about/at/over doing sth 做某事犹豫不决 (2)without hesitation 毫不犹豫,-13-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填
13、空 A few students hesitated (start).They waited to see what the rest of the class would do.(2016全国卷,阅读理解B篇) If you have some other requirements,dont hesitate_ (inform) us. Without (hesitate),I decided to follow them and we did have lots of fun that day.,to start,to inform,hesitation,-14-,高频词汇,难点句型,6.
14、decrease n.减少;减少量 v.减少,降低 高考佳句 So even if emissions were to begin to decrease today,we would still face the challenge of adapting to climate change. 所以,即使今天排放开始减少,我们也还得面对适应气候变化的挑战。(2017江苏卷,阅读理解D篇) decrease sth 使减少 decrease in.在(方面)降低/减少 decrease by.减少了 decrease to.减少到 on the decrease 在减少,-15-,高频词汇,难
15、点句型,单句语法填空 (decrease) the amount of rubbish and to protect the environment,more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. If you have any of these symptoms,change your life goals and(decrease) your tolerance of stress. Because of the flood,the rice production has decreased_ 18% in this
16、region. The number of students in the village school is the decrease.,To decrease,decrease,by,on,-16-,高频词汇,难点句型,7.operate vi.运转,运作;做手术 vt.操作;经营,管理 operation n.手术,经营 operator n.操作员,手术者 高考佳句 They learn the principles of flight and test their operating skills in the cockpit (驾驶舱) of a variety of flight
17、 simulators. 他们学习飞行原理,并在各种飞行模拟飞行器的驾驶舱内测试他们的操作技能。(2018北京卷,阅读理解B篇) (1)operate sth 经营,使运转 operate on sb 给某人做手术 (2)come into operation 开始运转 be in operation 工作中;使用中;有效,-17-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 Who is responsible for the (operate) of such vehicles is not clear among car makers,consumers and lawyers.(2017天津卷,
18、阅读理解C篇) Because of the confusion,Merat thinks some car makers will wait until vehicles can be fully automated without human_ (operate).(2017天津卷,阅读理解C篇) The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self-driving cars,and for companies (operate) driverless taxi services.(2018北京卷,阅读理
19、解D篇),operation,operation,to operate,-18-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句改错 The surgeon has decided to operate Taylors knee next Monday afternoon.,operate后加上on,-19-,高频词汇,难点句型,8.respond vi.回应,响应,反应;回复,回答 高考佳句 By connecting directly with customers,and by responding quickly to changes in the markets as well as in the ecos
20、ystems (生态系统),small farmers can keep one step ahead of the big guys. 通过直接与客户建立联系,并通过快速响应市场和生态系统的变化,小农户可以比大的农户领先一步。(2018江苏卷,阅读理解C篇),-20-,高频词汇,难点句型,(1)respond to sth 对某事作出回应 respond by doing sth 以某种方式回应 respond that.答复 (2)response n.回应,反应,回答 give/make no response to.对不予回答/回应 in response to.作为对的回应 with
21、 no response 没有回答,没有反应,-21-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 Not everyone acts the same response to events,and that is why what triggers one person may or may not trigger another.(2018北京卷,七选五) The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded_ the recordings.(2017全国卷,阅读理解B篇) Moreover,the tendency for unive
22、rsities to monitor and shape student behavior runs up against another characteristic of young adults: the (respond) to being controlled by their elders.(2016北京卷,阅读理解D篇) 单句改错 This allows them to respond more appropriately for the user.,in,to,response,forto,-22-,高频词汇,难点句型,9.distinguish vi.使著名 be disti
23、nguished for sth 以而著称,-23-,高频词汇,难点句型,完成句子 They can even distinguish their mothers voice that of a female stranger.(2017江苏卷,阅读理解B篇) As far as I know,she has already distinguished (she) as an athlete. 单句改错 Daniel Anderson,a famous psychologist,believes its important to distinguish televisions influenc
24、es on children for those of the family.写作升级 In our college,David is famous for his basketball skills. 满分表达 In our college,David his basketball skills.,from,herself,forfrom,is distinguished for,-24-,高频词汇,难点句型,10.make up 编造;整理;和解;弥补;拼凑;构成;化妆 高考佳句 You might think that developing nations would make up t
25、he loss,but youd be wrong. 你也许认为发展中国家会弥补这一损失,但是你错了。(2017江苏卷,任务型阅读),-25-,高频词汇,难点句型,make out 理解,辨认出 make it 成功做到 make for 有利于;促成;朝的方向移动 make it to 到达 make up (to sb) for sth (对某人)因某事而给予补偿 make up with sb 与某人和好 make known 传达,使知晓 be made into.被制成 be made up of.由组成 be made of/from 由制成,-26-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法
26、填空 I saw him put on his hiking shoes,making the lawn.(2018上海卷,翻译) Since the poorest are least likely to make up their losses from disasters linked to El Nino,reducing their losses needs to be the priority.(2016江苏卷,阅读理解C篇) Oh,happy day!I made !(2016浙江卷,阅读理解D篇),for,for,it,-27-,高频词汇,难点句型,11.pay off 得到好
27、结果;取得成功;还清;付清工资(解雇) 高考佳句 This work is starting to pay off.这项工作开始取得成功。(2016北京卷,阅读理解C篇) pay for 付的钱 pay sb back for sth 因某事向某人报复 pay sb back (sth)还(钱)给某人 pay up 付清;缴清 pay sb off 付清工资后解雇 get paid 得到报酬 pay attention to 注意 pay a visit to 拜访,-28-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 They no longer paid attention the bird and
28、 never learned what it was doing.(2018天津卷,阅读理解D篇) They take their driverless car to an appointment and set the empty vehicle to circle the building to avoid paying parking.(2018北京卷,阅读理解D篇) But through all this,Hannah still has the normal life of a Winnipeg schoolgirl,except that she pays regular vis
29、its _ homeless people.(2017北京卷,完形填空),to,for,to,-29-,高频词汇,难点句型,写作升级 Thanks to your constructive advice,our plan was successful eventually. 满分表达Thanks to your constructive advice,our plan_ eventually.,paid off,-30-,高频词汇,难点句型,12.in case 以防万一;万一 高考佳句 This time,we stayed together,in case anything else un
30、usual happened.这一次,我们待在一起,以防发生其他异常事件。(2018天津卷,阅读理解B篇) in case of 万一,如果,假使 in no case 决不(置于句首,句子用倒装) in any case 无论如何,不管怎样 in this/that case 如果这样/那样,若是这样/那样的话 as is often the case 这是常有的事,-31-,高频词汇,难点句型,完成句子 Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move she injured her ne
31、ck. 拉里告诉女士火已经被扑灭了,并嘱咐她不要乱动以免伤到脖子。(2016全国卷,完形填空) ,ask to speak in person as soon as possible and say sorry. 在那种情况下,尽快要求亲自发言,并表示歉意。(2017天津卷,阅读理解A篇) It was considerate of Michael to inform us of his delay_ we got worried. 迈克尔想得很周到,他通知我们他延误的事情,以免我们担心。,in case,In that case,in case,-32-,高频词汇,难点句型,写作升级 You
32、 need to have your own mind.You should,in no case,follow the crowd. 满分表达 You need to have your own mind.In no case the crowd.,should you follow,-33-,高频词汇,难点句型,13.rather than 而不是 高考佳句 In another restaurant,all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed,rather than farm to table.在另一家餐厅,它所供应的所
33、有菜肴和甜点都是3D打印的,而不是从农场到餐桌。(2018天津卷,阅读理解C篇) (1)rather than可作为一个连词词组,用来连接两个并列成分,表示在两者中进行选择,意为“是A而不是B”,“要A不要B”,“宁愿A而不愿B”。 (2)rather than后面可以接名词、名词短语、代词、形容词、副词、动词不定式、动名词等。 (3)rather than连接两个并列的成分做主语时,句子的谓语动词要根据其前面的主语确定单复数形式。,-34-,高频词汇,难点句型,词义精析 (1)rather than表示“而不是”,指两者之间排除一个。 (2)more than的意思是“多于;不仅仅;很;非常
34、”。 (3)or rather的意思是“更确切地说”。 (4)other than意思是“除以外”。,-35-,高频词汇,难点句型,完成句子 Driverless cars may end up being a form of public transportvehicles you own. 无人驾驶汽车也许最终是一种公共交通形式,而不是你所拥有的交通工具(2017天津卷,阅读理解C篇) Very quickly,she learned to appreciate life_ everything so harshly.很快,她学会了感激生活,而不是那么刻薄地评判所有的事情。 When cl
35、assical, pop,music was playing,diners spent more.当播放古典音乐而不是流行音乐时,用餐者花费更多。(2018江苏卷,阅读理解B篇),rather than,rather than to judge,rather than,-36-,高频词汇,难点句型,用other than,more than或or rather填空 But that,I now regularly compare my views with those of many others. 但是不仅如此,我现在经常把我的观点和许多其他人的观点进行比较。(2016江苏卷,任务型阅读)
36、In the end he had to walk, ,run to the office. 最后他只得步行,或者更确切地说是跑到办公室的。 The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence (AI) may become extremely good at achieving somethingwhat we really want.真正的问题涉及这种可能性,人工智能可能变得极其擅长实现我们并不真正想要的东西。(2017北京卷,阅读理解D篇),more than,or rather,other t
37、han,-37-,高频词汇,难点句型,1.Tell her to phone you if she needs any more guidance.(Page 22)告诉她如果她需要更多的指导就给你打电话。 tell后接复合宾语句型 (1)句中tell sb to do是tell后接复合宾语的用法,属于间接引语的一种常用句型,后面的动词不定式为宾语补足语,表示“告诉某人做某事”。 (2)如表示“告诉某人不要做某事”则应用tell sb not to do sth。 (3)间接引语可根据情况选用动词ask,order,instruct,advise,beg等,它们和tell的结构相同,但sugg
38、est则应用结构suggest sb (sbs) doing。,-38-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 Two days ago,Mom asked me (find) relevant information on the Internet.(2018江苏卷,书面表达) Our Chinese teacher suggests us (read) as many famous literary works as we can. Before choices are finalised,parents/carers will be asked_ (sign) to confirm thei
39、r childs choices.(2018全国卷,阅读理解A篇) 单句改错 My father often tells me not ride my bike that fast.,to find,reading,to sign,not后加to,-39-,高频词汇,难点句型,2.Unfortunately,I didnt have much time to find out about the organisation,but I did write down all the things Im good at,like playing video games!(Page 24)不幸的是,我
40、没有多少时间去查明那个组织的情况,但我的确写下了我所擅长的所有的事,如玩电子游戏! do/did用以加强语气句型 (1)句中did用以加强语气。do常用在肯定句中来加强语气,此时,谓语的时态及人称和数的变化都应体现在do上,主要动词应用原形。 (2)do的强调用法一般用于一般现在时态的句子中;did常用于一般过去时态的句子中。,-40-,高频词汇,难点句型,完成句子 Last but not least,please the deadline is July 30. 最后但同样重要的一点,请一定记住截止日期是7月30日。(2017全国卷,书面表达) Data shows that kids a
41、nd teens frequently,compared to infrequent readers,have more books in the home. 数据显示,与不常阅读的读者相比,经常阅读的儿童和青少年在家中的确有更多的书。(2018全国卷,阅读理解C篇),do remember,who do read,写作升级 My sister performed very well in the ball. 满分表达 My sister very well in the ball.(对谓语加以强调),did perform,-41-,高频词汇,难点句型,3.The instant she s
42、topped asking questions,I got up and went out of the room.(Page 24)她一停止问问题,我就起身走出了房间。 the instant引导时间状语从句句型 (1)句中the instant 为从属连词,引导时间状语从句,意思是“一就”。 (2)类似地,可以引导时间状语从句,表示“一就”的从属连词还有the moment,the minute,directly,immediately,instantly等。,-42-,高频词汇,难点句型,翻译句子 The moment I arrived in Paris,I was greeted b
43、y a nice French couple who would become my host parents.The moment my aunt gained her diploma after four years of hard work,she was filled with joy.(2016上海卷,翻译)写作升级 As soon as I saw him,I knew he was angry. 满分表达 I knew he was angry I saw him.,我一到法国,一对热心的法国夫妇就接待了我,他们也成了我的房东。,苦读四年之后,我阿姨一获得了文凭,就欣喜万分。,t
44、he instant/moment/minute,-43-,高频词汇,难点句型,4.Although there were lots of difficulties to overcome,she never let her problems defeat her.(Page 26)尽管有许多困难要去克服,但她从来没有让困难打败自己。 although引导让步状语从句句型 (1)although引导让步状语从句,表示“虽然,尽管”。 (2)句子使用了although引导让步状语从句时,主句前不可再用but。,-44-,高频词汇,难点句型,单句语法填空 it doesnt taste of an
45、ything special,its still worth a try.(2016全国卷,阅读理解C篇) 单句改错 Although I was then too young to understand the meaning of the film,but I remember my family were moved to tears.(2016上海卷,翻译),Although,去掉but,-45-,高频词汇,难点句型,5.Without doubt,the number of jobs in information technology will multiply.(Page 28)毫
46、无疑问,信息技术领域的工作职位将会大幅度地增加。 without doubt的常用句型 (1)without doubt表示“毫无疑问”,一般放在句首或句中。 (2)该结构可以和There is no doubt that.句式进行改写,其中that引导同位语从句。,-46-,高频词汇,难点句型,完成句子 It is the most annoying of all. 这无疑是所有事情中最令人讨厌的。(2017天津卷,阅读理解D篇) the theater has contributed to the areas development and economic growth. 毫无疑问,剧院
47、为该地区的发展和经济增长做出了贡献。(2018江苏卷,任务型阅读) 写作升级 Without doubt,they didnt tell the truth. 满分表达 they didnt tell the truth.,without doubt,No doubt,Theres no doubt that,-47-,1.The rich man often invests in different areas,and his success indicates his (wise). 2.At that moment,it was obvious that the young girl w
48、as a little(hesitate). 3.Jack is badly ill.However,the doctor believes that he will make a full recovery after the (operate). 4. (comfort) bikes and a smooth tour route(路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.(2018全国卷,阅读理解C篇) 5.The official announced that the result of their (inspect) would soon be made public.,
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