1、Unit 2 Robots,语法导学,内容索引,达标检测,GrammarRevise the Passive Voice () (including the infinitive),语法导学,语法感知,课文原句感知,1.It was going (test) out by Larrys wife，Claire. 2.Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldnt harm her or allow her (harm). 3.Claire thought it was ridiculous (offer) sympathy by a robot. 4.Ho
2、w awful (discover) by her，Claire thought.,to be tested,to be harmed,to be offered,to be discovered,5.By that time，Tony expected the house completely _ (transform). 6.What a sweet victory by those women! 7.But even though Tony had been so clever，he would have _ (rebuild).,to be transformed,to be envi
3、ed,to be rebuilt,语法精析,语态是动词的一种形式，它表示主语和谓语的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，或者说动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，或者说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态。 被动语态的构成是：助动词be动词的过去分词。,一、各种时态的被动语态 1.各种时态的主、被动语态的构成,2.注意事项 (1)“be过去分词”并非都是被动语态，系动词 be，feel，seem，look等词后面的过去分词已转化为形容词，作表语用，构成系表结构，表示某种状态。 Im interested in mathematics.
4、我对数学感兴趣。 He seems unsatisfied with his work. 他似乎对自己的工作不满意。,(2)英语中有一些短语常以被动形式呈现，但表示主动意义。 She is usually dressed in white. 她通常穿白色衣服。 The boy was seated by the window. 小男孩坐在窗户旁。 (3)“get过去分词”也表被动。 We got separated when we entered the big hall. 我们进入大厅时被挤散了。,(4)某些情况用主动语态来表示被动含义。 read，write，act，iron，burn，c
5、ut，draw，drive，sell，wash，clean，wear，open，cook，lock，shut，dry，eat，drink等动词，用来说明主语的性质特征而不强调被执行者的动作时，用主动形式表达被动意义，且常与not，hardly，well，easily，badly，nicely等副词连用。 The door doesnt open easily.门不容易打开。 Bikes of that kind sell well.那种自行车好卖。,某些表示“发生”的动词(短语)，如happen，take place，occur，break out，burst out等没有被动语态，但其意义中
6、包含被动概念。 The war broke out in 1937.战争爆发于1937年。 Heavy rains occurred during a summer monsoon. 暴雨出现在一个夏季季风期。,(5)不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语： fit，have，wish，cost，agree with，arrive at/in，shake hands with，succeed in，suffer from，take part in，walk into，belong to等。 This key just fits the lock.这把钥匙只适合于这把锁。 Your story a
7、grees with what has already been heard. 你的故事与听说的相符合。,二、不定式的被动形式 动词不定式具有动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，还有时态和语态特征。当不定式的逻辑主语是其动作的承受者时，不定式一般要用被动形式。 1.不定式的被动形式的构成,2.用法 (1)作主语 Its a pity to be kept in the house in such fine weather. 在这样的好天气里被关在家里真是遗憾。 (2)作宾语 The boy asked to be given an opportunity to try again. 那男孩要求
8、再给他一次尝试的机会。 (3)作表语 Her dream is to be sent to study abroad. 她的梦想是被派往国外留学。,(4)作宾语补足语或主语补足语 The captain ordered the flag to be raised. 船长命令升旗。 The book is said to have been translated into French. 据说这本书已被译成了法语。 (5)作定语 There were plans to be made at once.要立即制订计划。 He was the last one to be asked to spea
9、k at the meeting. 他是最后一个在会上被邀请发言的人。,(6)作状语 His mother left the small village，never to be seen again. 他母亲离开了那个小山村，再也没人见过她。 We hurried to the station only to be told that the train had left. 我们急匆匆赶到车站，结果被告知火车已经开走了。,3.不定式的主动表被动用法 (1)动词不定式在名词后面作定语时，不定式和名词之间有动宾关系，同时又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系，这时要用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。 H
10、e has a family to support.(to support与family是动宾关系，与he是主谓关系。) 他要维持一个家庭。 注意：若句子的主语不是不定式的逻辑主语时，不定式要用被动式。 Ill go to the post office.Do you have a letter to be posted? (不定式的被动语态作定语，you不是post动作的执行者。) 我要去邮局，你有信要寄吗？,(2)在某些“形容词不定式”作表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有nice，easy，fit，har
11、d，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。 That question is difficult to answer. 那个问题不容易回答。,(3)在there be.句型中，当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时，不定式用主动式作定语，重点在人；用被动形式作定语，重点在物。 There is no time to lose/to be lost.(用 to lose可看成for us to lose；用to be lost，谁 lose time不明确。) 没有可以失去的时间了。,高考链接,.单句语法填空,1.My washing m
12、achine (repair) this week，so I have to wash my clothes by hand.(2018天津) 2.When fat and salt (remove) from food，the food tastes as if it is missing something.(2017全国) 3.Steam engines (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers.(2017全国),is being repaired,are
13、removed,were used,4.Sarah (tell) that she could be Britains new supermodel，earning a million dollars in the next year.(2017全国) 5.Truly elegant chopsticks might (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.(2016全国) 6.The giant panda (love) by people throughout the world. (2016四川) 7.The students
14、have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts (reward) with success in the end.(2016北京),has been told/was told,be made,is loved,will be rewarded,8.It is reported that a space station (build) on the moon in years to come.(2015安徽) 9.Despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement _ (reac
15、h) so far by the two sides.(2015天津) 10.The airport (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area.(2013四川),will be built,has been reached,to be completed,.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误),1.About one month after this photo was took，I entered my second year of high school and became a new member of the s
16、chool music club. (2017全国，短文改错) 2.Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking.(2016全国，短文改错) 3.Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very serious problem.(2015全国，短文改错),used,taken,4.Suddenly the arrows were flying down at
17、us from the skythey were looked like rain！(2014陕西，短文改错) 或Suddenly the arrows were flying down at us from the skythey were looked like rain！(2014陕西，短文改错) 5.Tea in China was traditionally drank from cups without handles. (2013新课标全国，短文改错) 6.Now my friend Ann，together with me，is going to do field study
18、and the findings will be use as materials for our research.(2012重庆，短文改错),drunk,used,达标检测,.单句语法填空,1.I have to go to work by taxi because my car (repair) at the garage. 2.The flowers were so lovely that they (sell) out in no time. 3.George returned after the war，only (tell) that his wife had left him.
19、 4.Weve had a good start，but next，more work needs _ (do) to achieve the final success. 5.Take your time！There is a lot of time for you to get (dress).,is being repaired,were sold,to be told,to be done/doing,dressed,.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误),6.When she and her sister entered the theater，they got separating. 7
20、.Look！Some young trees are planted by the young boys. 8.My homework having done，I had more free time of my own. 9.The little children were made work for ten hours a day. 10.Entering the classroom，the teacher found all the parents already seating there.,separated, being, been,to,seated,.完成句子,11.没有许可，
21、我们不允许使用这些电脑。 We without permission. 12.被人当众嘲笑是很糟糕的。 It is very terrible in public. 13.这支钢笔写起来很流畅。 The pen .,are not allowed to use the computer,to be laughed at,writes smoothly,14.你去参加今天下午举行的会议吗？ Are you going to the meeting ? 15.今天下午这位著名科学家要被很多记者采访。 The famous scientist this afternoon.,to be held t
22、his afternoon,will be interviewed by a lot of reporters,.语法填空,(2017四川阆中中学高二检测) Robot teachers are now very popular with pupils in some primary schools in South Korea.16. (compare)with human teachers，the robot teachers are more patient.They never get angry and are always kind to the students.Thats 17
23、. the children can always get on well with their robot teachers.,why,Compared,English-teaching robots 18. (send) to three primary schools for eight weeks last December.19. (equip) with a microphone and video camera，the robots teach students as teachers.Researchers found that the English-teaching rob
24、ots helped raise students interests in the language and build up their 20. (confident).More and more students came to like studying and they got 21. (good) grades in exams.Meanwhile，other robot teachers,22. can teach math，science and art，have also been developed.,were sent,Equipped,confidence,better
25、,which,Many people think these robot teachers should be used in faraway village schools so that the children there can also receive 23. good education.To give rural school children more learning chances，the South Korean government has expressed great interest in 24. (develop) these robots.No doubt there will be more and more robot teachers working with students.Perhaps they will 25. (complete) replace human teachers one day in the future.Who knows?,a,developing,completely,
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