1、核心素养拓展练素养解读 2017 版普通高中课程标准首次提出“学科核心素养” 。英语学科核心素养由语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力构成。随之而来，以后的英语考试将更加坚持能力立意，突出核心素养的考查。下面文段就是围绕“语言能力”这一学科素养展开，有助于学生了解语言学习的特点，有助于自己语言学习能力的提高。主 题 ： 语 言 学 科 素 养 ： 语 言 能 力People often ask which is the most difficult language to learn，and it is not easy to answer because there are many th
2、ings to take into consideration.Firstly，in a first language the differences are unimportant as people learn their mother tongue naturally，so the question of how hard a language is to learn is only relevant in terms of learning a second language.A native speaker of Spanish，for example，will find Portu
3、guese(葡萄牙语) much easier to learn than a native speaker of Chinese，because Portuguese is very similar to Spanish，while Chinese is very different，so our first language can affect learning a second language.The greater the differences between a second language and our first language，the harder it will
4、be for most people to learn a second language.Many people answer that Chinese is the hardest language to learn，possibly influenced by the thought of learning the Chinese writing system(体系) ，and the pronunciation of Chinese does appear to be very difficult for many foreign learners.However，for Japane
5、se speakers，who already use Chinese characters in their own language，learning writing will be less difficult than for speakers of languages using the Roman alphabet(字母)Some people seem to learn languages easily，while others find it very difficult.Teachers and the circumstances(环境) in which the langu
6、age is learned also play an important role，as well as each learners purpose for learning.If people learn a language because they need to use it in work， they often learn it faster than people studying a language that has no direct use in their day to day life.No language is easy to learn well，though
7、 languages which are related to our first language are easier.Learning a completely different writing system is a huge challenge，but that does not necessarily make a language more difficult than another.In the end，it is impossible to say that there is one language that is the most difficult language
8、 in the world.语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。文章指出，世上没有最难的语言，只有相对难的语言。语言的难易与否，取决于其与母语的差异程度。1What does the underlined word “relevant” in Paragraph 1 mean?ADifficult. BMeaningful.CNecessary. DPossible.答案 B解析 词义猜测题。文章第一句提到哪种语言是最难的这个问题很难回答，因为它牵扯到很多方面。首先，人们生来就学会了母语(即母语对自己来说不难学) ，也就是说对于母语来说，这个问题是毫无意义的，那么下文很自然地就会提到这个问题在什么情况
9、下是“有意义”的，也就是在学习第二语言的时候才会有难易之分。2The example of Portuguese and Chinese is used to prove that .AChinese is harder to learn than PortugueseBPortuguese and Chinese are very differentCPortuguese is very easy for foreigners to learnDOur first language can affect learning a second language答案 D解析 细节理解题。文章第二段
10、首先以葡萄牙语和汉语为例来说明，再得出结论：so our first language can affect learning a second language，由此可知，举这个例子是为了证明我们的母语能够影响第二语言的学习。3Why do many people think Chinese is hard to learn?AIts writing system is strange.BIts pronunciation is challengeable.CIts characters are difficult to understand.DIt has great difference
11、s from many other languages.答案 D解析 推理判断题。文章第二段提到很多人认为汉语难学，其实是觉得汉语的写法和发音难学，但日本人学起来要比使用罗马字母的人容易得多，因为日语中就有很多汉字。文章在最后一段又提到，和母语联系紧密的外语学起来要容易得多，而学习一门有着完全不同写法的语言要难得多。由此可知，许多人认为汉语难学是因为它和其他语言有很大的不同。4What can we learn from the text?APeople will learn a language faster if they use it daily.BThere are many lang
12、uages that are the most difficult in the world.CAll languages can be easy to learn with good teachers and circumstances.DThe writing system of a language is more difficult to master than its pronunciation.答案 A解析 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“If people learn a language because they need to use it in work，they ofte
13、n learn it faster than people studying a language that has no direct use in their day to day life.”可知，如果人们学习一门语言是工作需要，那么他们通常比那些学习一门在日常生活中没有直接用途的语言的人学得更快，也就是说，如果每天都能用到该门外语的话，那学起来就会快得多。Notes.障碍词汇1take.into consideration 把考虑在内2appear vi.出现3purpose n目的4related adj.相关的5system n体系，系统6challenge n& vt.挑战.长难
14、句分析If people learn a language because they need to use it in work，they often learn it faster than people studying a language that has no direct use in their day to day life.分析：本句为主从复合句，句子主干为 they often learn it faster than people；studying a language 为现在分词短语作定语，修饰 people；that has no direct use in their day to day life为定语从句，修饰 a language；If people learn.in work 为条件状语从句，其中包含一个because 引导的原因状语从句。自主翻译：如果人们学习一种语言是因为他们需要在工作中使用它，那么他们通常比那些学习一门在日常生活中没有直接用途的语言的人学得更快。
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