1、三年（2017-2019）高考真题英语分项汇编专题 22 短文改错一、2019 年高考真题 1. 【2019全国卷 I】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号() ，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起) 不计分。I became interesting in playing footbal
2、l thanks to a small accident. One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. Suddenly football fell just in front of me but almost hit me. I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground. To everyones surprising, the ball went into the net. All th
3、e football player on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football. From now on, I started to play my football with classmates after school. I am a good player now.【答案】I became intersgd in playing football thanks to a small accident. One afternoon whern I was in primary school,
4、 I was walking by the school playground. Suddenly football fell just in front of me butad almost hit me.I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground. To everyones srpingue, the ball went into the net. All the football plerays on the playground cheered loudly, aysing that I had a ta
5、lent for football. From nowthe on, I started to play m football with classmates after school. I am a good player now.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了由于一次偶然的经历，自己喜欢上了踢足球。从此成了一名优秀球员。第一处：【解析】考查形容词用法。 “interest（使感兴趣；使关注） ”的形容词有 interesting（使人感兴趣的）常修饰物；与 interested（表现出兴趣的）常修饰人。本句的意思为：多亏一个偶然的事件，我对踢足球产生了兴趣。主语是 I，故将 int
6、eresting 改为 interested。第二处：【解析】考查定语从句。先行词 one afternoon 表示时间在定语从句中作状语，所以关系词使用when。故将 where 改为 when。第三处：【解析】考查冠词。名词 football 为可数名词，前边需要有限定词。这里 football 第一次出现，故在 football 前加 a。第四处：【解析】考查连词。句意：突然一个足球落在我前边并且差点打到我。 “足球落下来”与“打到我”两个动作是顺承关系，不是转折关系。故将 but 改为 and。第五处：【解析】考查副词。 “hard（努力地；费力地） ”与“hardly （几乎不；几乎
7、没有） ”都为副词，但是词义不同。本句意思为：我挡住足球，并使劲地将它踢回操场。故将 hardly 改为 hard。第六处：【解析】考查固定搭配。 “to ones + 名词”在句中表示结果， “to ones surprise”意思为“使某人惊讶的是”。故将 surprising 改为 surprise。第七处：【解析】考查名词的数。 “player（运动员） ”为可数名词，所以 all（所有的）后需要用 player 的复数形式。故将 player 改为 players。第八处：【解析】考查现在分词。本句句意：操场上所有的足球运动员大声欢呼，说我有足球天赋。句中谓语动词为 cheered，
8、say 在这里作伴随状语。与主语 players 是主动关系，故将 say 改为 saying。第九处：【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：从那时开始，我放学后跟同学一起踢足球。且“from now on（从现在开始） ”后边句子应该表示从现在开始所发生 的 动作或存在的情况，不能用一般过去时。此处后面是一般过去时，表示“从那时起”是 from then on，故将 now 改为 then。第十处：【解析】考查固定搭配。 “踢足球”的英语表达为“play football”，中间不能加冠词或者代词。故将my 去掉。2. 【2019全国卷 II】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写
9、的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号() ，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起) 不计分。Since I was a kid, Ive considered different job I would like to do. First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coo
10、lly. Then, when I was in the five grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher too much. When I studied chemistry high school, I reconsidered mg goal or decided to be a doctor. They were two reasons for the decision. One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person cou
11、ld feel much more better after seeing a doctor. And the other is that I wanted to help people in need.【答案】Since I was a kid, Ive considered different jobsI would like to do. First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coly. Then, when I was in the fiveth grade, I wanted to be a teacher
12、because I liked my English teacher tver/s much. When I studied chemistry in/athigh school, I reconsidered my goal oranddecided to be a doctor. Thy were two reasons for the decision. One was that I was amzigeat the fact that a sick person could feel much more better after seeing a doctor. And the oth
13、er isw that I wanted to help people in need. 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了从小到大自己的职业梦想随着求学经历不断改变的过程。第一处：【解析】考查名词的数。 “job（工作；职业） ”为可数名词，用 different（不同的）修饰时意思为不同种类的工作，应该用名词的复数形式。故将 job 改为 jobs。第二处：【解析】考查形容词的用法。句中的“looked（看起来样） ”为系动词，系动词后需用形容词作表语。故将 coolly 改为 cool。第三处：【解析】考查序数词。年级、班级是按数字顺序排列的，所以“在几年级”中的数词需要用序数词。故
14、将 five 改为 fifth。第四处：【解析】考查副词。句意：在五年级的时候，因为我非常喜欢我的英语老师，所以我想变成一名老师。 “so much”在句中一般表达肯定意思，可与 that 连用表示 “如此以至于” 。而“too much”表太多，一般与 to 搭配，表达否定意思 “太以至于不能”。本句话表达肯定意思，非常 so much 或 very much，故将 too 改为 very/so。第五处：【解析】考查介词。 “在高中”需要用介词 in 或者 at，故在 high school 前加 in/at。第六处：【解析】考查连词。句意：在高中学化学的时候，我重新考虑了自己的目标并决定变
15、成一名医生。“重新考虑” 与“ 决定变成一名医生 ”之间是顺承关系，不是选择关系。故将 or 改为 and。第七处：【解析】考查 there be 句型。句意：有两个原因可以解释这个决定。句中的 they 在前边句中找不到指代关系，且后边句子中的 one 与 the other 是对这两个原因的解释。故将 they 改为 there。第八处：【解析】考查形容词用法。 “amaze（使惊奇；使惊愕） ”形容词形式有 amazed（大为惊奇）与amazing（令人大为惊奇的） 。本句话中主语为 I，句意:病人看完医生就会感觉好很多，对此我感到惊奇，而不是我令别人惊奇。故将 amazing 改为 a
16、mazed。第九处：【解析】考查形容词比较级。句中 better 为 well（健康；身体好）的比较级形式，多音节的形容词或副词构成比较级用 more 加形容词或副词，即 more 不能与 berrer 连用。故将 more 去掉。第十处：【解析】考查一般过去时。本篇文章使用的全是一般过去时，且与最后一句并列的“one was that”用的也是一般过去时，所以最后一句话时态应为一般过去时。讲述当时做决定时的原因。故将 is 改为 was。3. 【2019全国卷 III】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误
17、仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号() ，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起) 不计分。Ive had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is to opens a cafe. Though it may appear simple, it required a lot of ideas and efforts. What I want is not
18、 just an ordinarily cafe but a very special one. I want my cafe have a special theme such as like “Tang Dynasty“. In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment what is created for them. If I succeed in manage one, I will open more. I wish to have a chain of cafes in many
19、 different city. Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.【答案】 Ive had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is to opensa cafe. Though it may appear simple, it requidsa lot of ideas and efforts. What I want is not just an rdilyoncafe but a very special one. I want my
20、cafe tohave a special theme such as like “Tang Dynasty“. In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselvthmin the historical environment whatt/icis created for them. If I succeed in angemione, I will open more. I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different is. Each of my cafes will have a different t
21、heme and unique style.【详解】第一处：【解析】考查不定式的用法。不定式做表语，to 后用动词原形。故把 opens 改为 open。第二处：【解析】考查动词的时态。短文的主体时态都是现代时。故把 required 改为 requires。第三处：【解析】考查形容词的用法。修饰名词 cafe，应用形容词。ordinarily 是副词。故把 ordinarily 改为 ordinary。第四处：【解析】考查动词的固定搭配。want sb to do sth“ 想要某人做某事”。故在 have 前加 to。第五处：【解析】考查介词的用法。such as 和 like 都是用来举
22、例子，重复了。故把 like 删除。第六处：【解析】考查代词的用法。customers 是句子的主语，故把 yourselves 改为 themselves。第七处：【解析】考查定语从句。先行词 environment 在从句中做主语，指物，关系代词用 that/which。故 把 what 改为 that/which。第八处：【解析】考查动词的固定搭配。succeed in doing something“成功的做了某事”。故把 manage 改为managing。第九处：【解析】考查名词的用法。many different 后跟可数名词的复数形式。故把 city 改为 cities。第十处
23、：【解析】考查冠词的用法。an 用在元音音素前，a 用在辅音因素前。unique 是以辅音音素开头的单词，前用 a。故把 an 改为 a。二、2018 年高考真题 1.【2018全国卷 I】假 定 英 语 课 上 老 师 要 求 同 桌 之 间 交 换 修 改 作 文 ， 请 你 修 改 你 同 桌 写 的 以 下 作 文 。 文 中 共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（） ，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1每处错误及其修改均仅限一
24、词；2只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a big change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a
25、big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years,
26、but he agreed.【答案】During my last winter holiday, I went to thecountryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I findou a big change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and ther animals. Last winter when I went rte again, they had a big separat
27、e house to raise dozens of cikns. They also had a small pond whicinr或 they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by selingthe fish. I felt aplythat their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, butandhe agre
28、ed.【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在去年寒假期间和父亲去乡下拜访爷爷奶奶过程中的所见所闻，由此讲述了乡下的巨大变化。第一处：countryside 前加 the 考查冠词。去年寒假，我和父亲去乡下拜访爷爷奶奶。此处特指去的是乡下，故加定冠词 the。第二处：find 改成 found 考查动词时态。根据文章中的 During my last winter holiday 可知，事件发生在过去，故用一个过去时。故将 find 改成 found。第三处：another 改成 other 考查形容词的用法。他们住在一个小房子里，院子里有狗、鸭子和其他牲畜。根据句意可知，将 an
29、other 改成 other。第四处：here 改成 there 考查副词及语意理解。去年冬天我又一次去了那里。故将 here 改成 there。第五处：chicken 改成 chickens 考查名词复数。他们拥有一个大的独立住宅，还养了许多只鸡。根据前文的 dozens of 可知，其后用名词复数形式。第六处：which 改成 in which 或 where 考查定语从句的关系词。他们还有一个小池塘，里面养着鱼。此处a small pond 是先行词，其在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，故用 in which 或 where。第七处：sell 改成 selling 考查动名词。去年夏天他们通
30、过卖鱼挣了一大笔钱。此处介词 by 后用动名词，故用 selling。第八处：happily 改成 happy 考查形容词作表语。他们的生活有了很大提高，我感到很高兴。此处形容词作表语，故将 happily 改成 happy。第九处：删除 for 考查介词的用法。时间名词有 every，each，last 等词修饰时，其前不用介词。故删除for。第十处：but 改成 and 考查并列连词的用法。我计划每两年回来一次，他同意了。此处是并列关系，故将 but 改成 and。2.【2018全国卷 I I】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有 10 处语言错误
31、，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（） ，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：（1）.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；(2).只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。When I was little, Fridays night was our family game night. After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room. As the kid
32、, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me. They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain. Still I unwilling to play the games for them sometimes. I didnt realize how right my parents are until I entered high
33、school. The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.【答案】When I was little, Fridays night was our family game night. After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room. As thea kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how m
34、any times I asked to wachingtthem, my parents would not to let me. They would say to usme that playing card games would help my brain. Still I as unwilling to play the games frwith them sometimes. I didnt realize how right my parents areuntil I entered high school. The games my parents taught me hre
35、n I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的个人经历。小时候周五夜晚家长不允许作者看卡通片，而是让他和他们一块儿玩扑克牌游戏。长大后作者才明白，这些纸牌游戏在后来的生活中很有用。第一处：考查名词。名词作定语，往往表明被修饰名词的时间、地点、类别、目的或用途、材料或来源等。名词所有格作定语则强调与被修饰的词的所有关系或表示逻辑上的谓语关系。此处表示“星期五晚上”，并不是所有关系，故把 Fridays 改为 Friday。第二处：考查名词单复数。all 表示三者或三者以上，后用名
36、词复数。故把 sort 改为 sorts。第三处：考查冠词。这里表示“作为一个孩子”，a 用在表示泛指的单数名词前， the 表示特指。故把 the 改为 a。第四处：考查动词不定式。句意：无论我要求多少次要去看（卡通片） 。用不定式表示目的。故把 watching改为 watch。第五处：考查情态动词。would 后跟动词原形，故把 to 删除。第六处：考查代词。句意：他们会对我说玩纸牌有助于大脑。偷换人称代词，是对“我”说，前面提到的I，而不是 we。故把 us 改为 me。第七处：考查固定搭配。be unwilling to do sth.意为“不愿意做某事，不情愿做某事”。本文介绍的是
37、过去的情况，故用过去时。所以在 unwilling 前加 was。第八处：考查介词。play the games with sb.表示“和某人一块玩游戏”，故把 for 改为 with。第九处：考查时态。根据上下文语境可知此处要用一般过去时。故把 are 改为 were。第十处：考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：当我是个孩子的时候我父母教给我的纸牌游戏在我日后的生活中证明非常有用。宾语从句连接词并不是表示地点状语，而是时间状语。故把 where 改为 when。3.【2018全国卷 III】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有
38、两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（） ，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin. Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud.
39、 Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity, others were nervous and anxious. I had done myself homework but I was shy. I was afraid that to speak in front of a larger group of people. At that moment, I remembered that my father once said, “The classroom is a place for learn
40、ing and that include leaning from textbooks, and mistake as well.“ Immediate, I raised my hand.【答案】It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just beginu. Everyone was silent, waitng to see who would be called upon to read his andor her paragraph aloud. Some of us were confident and eager tota
41、ke part in the class activity, others were nervous and anxious. I had done myself/th homework but I was shy. I was afraid thato speak in front of a lrge group of people. At that moment, I remembered that my father once said, “The classroom is a place for learning and that includes leaning from textb
42、ooks, and mistake as well.“ Imeditly, I raised my hand.【文章大意】本文为记叙文。文章主要介绍了写作课上作者克服恐惧心理主动回答问题的故事。第一处：考查时态构成。根据语境可知，句子用过去完成时，过去完成时的构成是 had done，所以 begin要改为 begun。第二处：考查非谓语动词。根据句子成分分析，本句有谓语为 was，而且没有连词，与主语是主动关系，所以 wait 要用非谓语 waiting，表伴随。第三处：考查连词。句意：每个人都沉默了，等着看谁会被要求朗读他或她的段落。一次只能叫一个人，男女两者是选择关系，故把 and 改为
43、 or。第四处：考查固定搭配。be eager to do sth 渴望做某事，故 eager 后加 to。第五处：考查代词。句意：我已经完成了自己的作业。表示“我的”用 my 不用 myself，或改为定冠词 the 也可以。第六处：考查固定结构。be afraid to do 害怕做某事，所以 that 为多余，删掉。第七处：考查比较级。句意：我不敢在一大群人面前说话。这里没有比较的意思，故把 larger 改为 large。第八处：考查主谓一致。that 作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数 includes。第九处：考查名词单复数。错误不是一个，所以要用复数。第十处：考查副词。此处要用副词在
44、句中做状语修饰整个句子，故把 immediate 改为 immediately。三、2017 年高考真题 1.【2017全国卷 I】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号() ，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线( )划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起) 不计分。In the summer holiday followin
45、g my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructors orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank, I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, “Sp
46、eed up!” “Slow down!” “Turning left!” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.In the summer holiday following my eightn birthday,
47、 I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard the/my first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructors orders, sobut/ye once I started the car, my mind goeswnt blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the words, “Speed up
48、!” “Slow down!” “ Turnig left!” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes later, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a sudenly stop just in the middle onf the road.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在暑假期间考驾照第一天发生的故事。第一处：eighteen 改为
49、 eighteenth 考查数词。句意：在我十八岁生日后的那个暑假。eighteen 意思为“十八，十八个”，表示数量，eighteenth 表示“ 第十八个的” ，故将 eighteen 改为 eighteenth。第二处：first 前加 the/my 考查冠词。句意：我依然记得第一天是多么艰难。句中特指开始学驾照的第一天，所以在 first 前加上 the。也可以加上 my，my first day 表示“我（学驾照）的第一天”，故在 first 前加 the 或 my。第三处：so 改为 but/yet 考查连词。根据句意可知作者本以为自己已经掌握了教练的话，结果一发动车，脑中一片空白，前后文为转折关系，故将 so 改为 but 或 yet。第四处：goes 改为 went 考查时态。根据前文中的 started 可知时态为一般过去时，故将 goes 改为 went。第五处：word 改为 words 考查单复数。句意：教练一直喊“加速！”“减速！”“ 左转！”。word“单词，消息”，words 可以表示为 word 的复数，也表示某人说的话，这里指教练说的那些话，故将 word 改为words。第六处：Turning
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