1、2019年中考真题英语分项汇编专题19 短文填空考点4杂糅型填空Passage 1（2019 福建省）Before paper was invented, people wrote or drew on materials such as bamboo, 81 slk, animal hide, and wooden blocks. Writing materials were 82 (real) expensive and few people learned to read. Therefore, few people wrote. This all changed, thanks 83
2、an man named Cai Lun.Paper had already existed (存在) in China , but the process for 84 (produce) it was difficult and the paper was of low quality. Cai Lun began experimenting (试验) with many different materials and different 85 (method) to turn those materials into paper. In the year 105, he made it
3、from tree bark, bamboo, cloth rags, and fishing nets. His paper was 86 (strong) and cheaper than any paper that had been made before.With Cai Luns papermaking method, Chinese culture 87 ru more rapidly over the next several centuries. Thats because ideas were much easier to share 88 more people lear
4、ned to read. The use of paper spread abroad, helping 89 cultures record and spread their ideas. Today, Cai Lun is considered a national hero in China. But 90 whole world should remember the clever Chinese papermaker forever.【答案与解析】【文章大意】主要讲述中国造纸术之父蔡伦以及造纸的过程。81. silk 考查音标。根据句意及所给音标拼写规则可知。82. really 考
5、查副词。根据句意可知，书写材料是真的很昂贵，这里修饰 expensive 要用副词，real 的副词为 really。83. to 考查介词。根据句意，多亏了一个叫做蔡伦的人 ，thanksto 意为“多亏了” ，因此填介词 to。84. producing 考查非谓语动词。根据句意，纸在中国已经存在 ，但是生产纸的过程还是很困难，并且纸是低质量的。再根据介词后面接动词的 ing 形式，for 为介词，因此这里填producing。85. methods 考查名词复数。根据句意可知，蔡伦是以很多不同的材料和不同的方法开始试验，different 后面接名词的复数形式，method 复数形式为
6、methods。86. stronger 考查形容词比较级，根据句意可知，他的纸比之前使用的任何纸都来得更牢固和更便宜，因此这里填 strong 的比较级 stronger。87. grew 考查音标。根据句意及所给音标的拼写规则可知。88. and 考查并列连词，根据句意可知，那是因为想法更容易分享，并且更多人学会阅读，因此这里填 and。89. other 考查音标。根据句意及所给音标的拼写规则可知。90. the 考查冠词。句意为“一整个世界应该永远记住这个聪明的中国造纸者”，the whole world 表示一整个世界，因此这里填 the。Passage 2（2019 浙江省绍兴市）
7、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Tani, 8 years old, ran away from Nigeria with his family two years ago. （1）_ they got to the United States, a churchman （2）_ (warm) helped place them in a homeless shelter (收容所) in New York. Tanis dad worked as a driver. And his mom studied hard （3）_ (become) a n
8、urse. Tani started going to Primary School 116. There, （4）_ learned to play the game that would change his life: chess.On March 10th, Tani （5）_ (win)a state champion (冠军) for little kids. He beat 73 other players. Some had practiced with private chess teachers, but Tani had practiced on （6）_ floor o
9、f the homeless shelter alone.A reporter wrote an article about Tani. In three weeks, thousands （7）_ people gave away over $250, 000 to Tani and his family on GoFundMe. Some also left （8）_ (message). Tani! You are a superstar! one person wrote.Recently, Tani and his family （9）_ (decide) to giveaway a
10、ll the money. Thanks to others help, we live much （10）_ (happily) than before Tanis father, Kayoed, told TIME for Kids. Now we want to help poor people.【答案与解析】【文章大意】本文叙述尼日利亚难民一个八岁孩子塔尼和家人一起当他们到达美国时，一位牧师热情地帮助他们在纽约的无家可归者收容所里安顿下来。在那里，他学会了玩会改变他的生活的游戏：下棋。3月10日，塔尼赢得了国家儿童冠军。在一位好心人的记者写了一篇关于塔尼的文章。三周之内，数千人在Gof
11、undme向Tani和他的家人捐赠了超过25万美元。但他们最近，塔尼和他的家人决定把所有的钱都捐出。他们各自的生活比以前好多了。（1）When /After考查连词。句意：当他们到达美国时，一位牧师热情地帮助他们在纽约的无家可归者收容所里安顿下来。根据前后句意思，可知前句是后句发生的时间，要用连词when/after，故答案为When /After 。 （2）warmly考查副词。句意：当他们到达美国时，一位牧师热情地帮助他们在纽约的无家可归者收容所里安顿下来。修饰动词helped，要用副词。形容词warm的副词warmly，故答案为warmly。 （3）to become考查不定式。句意：他
12、妈妈努力学习成为一名护士。由句子结构可知，句子的谓语动词studied，become要用非谓语动词，此处表示动词studied的目的，要用不定式做目的状语，故答案为 to become 。 （4）he考查人称代词主格。句意：在那里，他学会了玩会改变他的生活的游戏：下棋。由句子结构可知，缺少主语，此处是指Tani，男孩名，要用人称代词的主格he，答案为he。 （5）won考查一般过去时。句意：3月10日，塔尼赢得了国家儿童冠军。根据下句中的谓语动词beat，可知用一般过去时，winder过去式won，故答案为won。 （6）the考查定冠词。句意：但塔尼一个人在无家可归者收容所的地板上练习。根据
13、空格后的可数名词floor of the homeless shelter alone. 可知表示特指的地板，要用定冠词the，故答案为the。 （7）of考查固定短语。句意：三周之内，数千人在Gofundme向Tani和他的家人捐赠了超过25万美元。thousands of+可数名词复数，成千上万的，表示不确定的数量，固定短语。故答案为of。 （8）messages考查句意名词复数。句意：还有一些留言。message，信息，可数名词，空格前没有冠词，要用复数表示一类，故答案为messages。 （9）have decided考查现在完成时。句意：最近，塔尼和他的家人决定把所有的钱都捐出。根据
14、recently，最近，常与现在完成时连用，have/has+过去分词，主语 Tani and his family ， 看作复数，要用have，decide的过去分词decided，故答案为have decided。 （10）more happily考查副词比较级。句意：我们活得比以前幸福多了。空格前有 live much，可知修饰动词要用副词的比较级。happily的比较级more happily，故答案为more happily。Passage 3（2019 深圳市）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构和上下午连贯要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中的词语的正确形式填空。Jason and
15、Andy are twins. They share a lot of things, including room, food and toys.One Saturday, Jason and Andy went out 46. _(play) with a toy car. Both of them wanted to be the owner of the car, so they shouted at each other. 47. _ (They) mother heard the boys arguing. She came out and told them to take tu
16、rns to play with the toy car, but the twins wouldnt.A few days later, Mother brought 48. _ pet home. “Cant we each have our own pet dog?” asked the boys. They were 49. _ (tire) of sharing everything.“No! The dog must 50. _ (share).” Mother said. “You will have to feed the dog and make sure it does n
17、ot get into anything wrong.”Several days later, the dog got into mothers room 51. _(secret) and made a mess there. Jason saw the dog playing with mothers clothes. He quickly went to find Andy and told him 52. _ the dog had done.“Oh, no! Its our duty to clean up the mess!” 53. _ (cry) Andy. They boys
18、 picked up the clothes and put them away rapidly.“Just think, Jason,” said Andy, “what a big mess two 54. _ (dog) would made!” “I agree 55. _ you,” laughed Jason, “Maybe sharing isnt so bad!”【答案与解析】46. to play 考查不定式，他们出去玩玩具，to play 表目的。47. Their 考查物主代词， “他们的”要用 “Their”。48. a 考查不定冠词，dog 可数名词单数，前面应用冠词
19、限定。由题意可知“妈妈买了一只宠物狗”，用不定冠词 a。49. tired 考查固定搭配，be tired of doing sth. 表示厌倦/厌烦做某事。50. be shared 考查被动语态，这只小狗要“由他们俩分享”也是“被分享”，所以要用 “must be shared”。51. secretly 考查词性转化和副词用法；该空需要修饰动词 “got into”用副词修饰，secret n.秘密；adj. 秘密的，变成副词 secretly adv. 秘密地，悄悄地。52. what 考查宾语从句，从句 “he had done”缺少宾语，句意“告诉他这个狗做了什么”， 故用 wha
20、t。53. cried 考查动词时态，句意“Andy 大喊到”，由前后句可知，为过去时态，改成 cried。54. dogs 考查名词复数，dog 是可数名词，两只狗，直接加 s。55. with 考查固定搭配， agree with sb.表示同意某人。Passage 4（2019 河北省）根据短文内容所给提示，在文中的横线上填写一个正确的单词。I have a photo album (相册). Its a present from my classmateDavid.I got to know David on the 71._ (two) day of middle school. W
21、e both liked playing basketball and collecting stamps, 72. s_ we always had a lot of things to talk about. Once I traveled with him to his hometown in the countryside. He showed me 73. a_ and I saw many interesting things. We had a 74._ (wonder) time. It is really nice to have such 75._ good classma
22、te. However, last summer, David 76._ (go) to another city because of his fathers job. Before leaving, he gave 77._ (I) a photo album. “It has the memorable events we have experienced together. I have also written some 78._ (note) under each of these photos,” he said. I was 79._ (deep) moved. I alway
23、s look at the album when I think 80._ David. I really miss him.【答案与解析】71.second 词形填空题，考查数词，根据前面的the和句意推断，应该是在上中学的第二天，所以把基数词改为序数词。72.so 首字母填空题，根据前后句判断应该填连词，有共同的爱好，所以才会有共同语言。73.around 首字母填空题，根据句意，在他的家乡，他带我参观，show sb. around带某人参观。74.wonderful 词形填空题，考查短语have a wonderful time，wonderful变形容词修饰名词time。75.a 词
24、汇盲填题，考查结构such a +adj. +n.，后面的classmate是单数名词。76.went 词形填空题，考查动词时态，根据前面的时间状语last summer，可知考查一般过去时。77.me 词形填空题，考查代词，give sb. sth.的结构，give动词后要用宾格。78.notes 词形填空题，考查名词单复数，根据前面some，可知可数名词note要变复数形式。79.deeply 词形填空题，考查形容词，根据句子结构可知修饰moved，所以要变副词形式。80.of 词汇盲填题，考查短语think of，表示想到，想起。Passage 5（2019 山东省枣庄市）阅读下面材料，
25、并填空，有的答案要填入适当的内容，有的答案要用括号内单词的正确形式，但每个答案不多于3个单词。One of the worlds most dangerous sports is mountain climbing， and one of the_21_popular places for this is the Himalayas The Himalayas_22_（run） along the southwestern part of ChinaOf all the mountains， Qomolangma rises the highest and is the most famous
26、_23_ is 8，844 43 meters high and so is very _24_（danger）to climb It is very hard to take in air as you get near the topThe first Chinese team _25_（reach） the top in 1960， while_26_first woman to succeed was Junko Taibei from Japan in 1975Why do so many climbers risk their lives？ One of the main _27_
27、（reason） is that people want to challenge themselves _28_ of difficulties， The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up _29_（try） to achieve our dreams It also shows that humans_30_（be） stronger than the forces of nature in some situations【答案与解析】【文章大意】世界上最危险的运动之一是爬山，最受欢迎的地方之一是喜
28、马拉雅山。第一支中国队在1960年登上顶峰，而第一位成功的女性是日本的Junko Taibei 在1975年登上登峰。面对困难，我们不应该放弃努力实现梦想。21. most 考查最高级。根据one of thepopular places 可知填最高级修饰名词，popular的最高级是most popular，句意：最受欢迎的地方之一是喜马拉雅山。故答案是：most。22. run 考查一般现在时。根据上下文结合语境可知是一般现在时，主语The Himalayas复数，动词用原形，句意：喜马拉雅山脉位于中国西南部。故答案是：run。23. It 考查代词。根据is 8，844.43 meter
29、s high可知空格处指的是 Qomolangma，用it代替，句意：它8844.43米高故答案是：It。24. dangerous 考查形容词。very 修饰形容词，danger名词，危险，dangerous形容词，危险，结合所给词可知句意：所以爬山很危险。故答案是：dangerous。25. reached 考查一般过去时。根据in 1960用一般过去时，结合所给词可知句意：第一支中国队在1960年登上顶峰。故答案是：reached。26. the 考查冠词。根据first woman to succeed was Junko Taibei 可知填定冠词the，序数词first前通常用th
30、e，句意：而第一位成功的女性是日本的Junko Taibei 在1975年登上登峰，故答案是：the。27. reasons 考查名词复数。one of the +adj +复数名词，句意：其中一个主要原因是面对困难时人们想挑战自己。故答案是：reasons。28. in the face 考查短语。根据上下文可知句意：其中一个主要原因是面对困难时人们想挑战自己。in the face of 面对，故答案是：in the face of。29. trying 考查动名词。give up doing sth. 放弃做某事，结合所给词可知句意：我们不应该放弃努力实现梦想。故答案是：trying。3
31、0. may be 考查情态动词。根据 It also shows that humansstronger than the forces of nature in some situations，结合所给词可知句意：它还表明，在某种环境下人类可能比自然的力量更强大，may be 可能是，情态动词后跟动词原形，故答案是：may be。Passage 6（2019 浙江省衢州市）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法情况和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入适当的词或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空，每空不超过两词。It was our schools yearly dancing show. I _46_(b
32、e) excited that I was chosen by the teacher this time although I didnt have any experience of dancing for a show. I would dance in front of all the students and _47_(teacher). It made me very proud.However, I was a bit sad _48_ my father had no time to watch me dance. He _49_(invite) to have a busin
33、ess meeting. I knew that my father would surely come to my show if he could. _50_(lucky), my mother and my elder sister were still coming to watch my show._51_ the beginning of the day, I was very nervous. After changing into the dress and getting my makeup done, I felt _52_(relax). Then I went on t
34、o the stage bravely. I was very glad to see my mother and sister sitting in _53_ second row.Just before the lights turned dark, I saw my father rush into the hall and take the seat beside my mother. _54_ a pleasant surprise it was! The sight of my father made _55_(I) smile. I began dancing confident
35、ly. Soon after the show, my family came backstage to congratulate me. I was so happy and lucky to have my familys support.【答案与解析】【文章大意】本文作者讲述自己第一次参加舞蹈表演的经历。46. was 句意：我很兴奋这次我被老师选中了，尽管我没有任何舞蹈表演的经验。根据上文It was our schools yearly dancing show.时态是一般过去时，可知本文主要时态是一般过去时。be过去式was和were，本句主语是I单数，可知填was。47. tea
36、chers 句意：我会在所有学生和老师面前跳舞。可数名词复数表示泛指，单数一般不单独使用；teacher：教师，复数teachers。结合句意和所给词提示可知答案是teachers。48. because/since/as 句意：但是，我有点难过，因为我父亲没有时间看我跳舞。根据句意可知前后句是因果关系，后句表示原因，结合句意可知答案是because/since/as。49. was invited 句意：他被邀请开一个商务会议。根据句意可知主语和动词是被动关系，本文时态是一般过去时，故此句是一般过去时的被动语态，其构成was/were +动词过去分词；invite的过去分词是invited；
37、主语是he,所以用was。答案是was invited。50. Luckily 句意：幸运的是，我妈妈和姐姐仍然会来看我的节目。副词可以修饰整个句子，一般用逗号与主句隔开；本词修饰整个句子，可知填副词。lucky：幸运的，形容词，副词形式luckily；答案是Luckily。51. At 句意：在这一天开始的时候，我很紧张。短语at the beginning of：在开始；注意：句子开头第一个字母要大写，结合句意可知答案At。52. relaxed 句意：换上衣服，化妆后，我觉得很轻松。feel：感觉，感官系动词，后面跟形容词做表语，过去式felt。relax：放松，休息，动词；形容词有re
38、laxed和relaxing，relaxed：感到放松的，一般修饰人，在句中一般作表语或补语；relaxing：令人放松的，指事物本身具有的特性，一般修饰物，在句子中作表语、定语或补语；本句主语是人，答案是relaxed。53. the 句意：我很高兴看到我的母亲和妹妹坐在第二排。序数词前使用定冠词the；答案是the。54. What 句意：它真是个惊喜！考查感叹句，感叹句由what和how引导，what修饰的中心词是名词，how修饰的中心词是副词或形容词。本句修饰名词surprise，可知此感叹句使用what引导。故答案是What。55. me 句意：看到我父亲，我笑了。短语make sb
39、. do sth.：使某人做某事，make是动词，需接人称代词的宾格形式；I：我，人称代词主格，宾格是me；答案是me。Passage 7（2019 浙江省宁波市）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的词。或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。An old man went to India. When he got there, he saw some fruit for sale, but most of it was very cheap. The _51_(cheap) thing was a basket of red fruit.How much per kilo? the old ma
40、n _52_( ask).Two rupees (卢比) , the shopkeeper answered. Two rupees in India is almost nothing, _53_the old man bought a whole kilogram and started eating it.However, as soon as he started eating, his mouth began _54_ (burn), his eyes began to water, and his whole face became as red _55_ the fruit. A
41、s he coughed and struggled to breathe, he jumped up and _56_, screaming: “Ah! Ah! Ah!”And yet he continued to eat the fruit. Some people who were looking at him shook their_57_ (head) and said, You are crazy? Those are chili peppers (辣椒) ! You cant just eat them by the handful!”The old man said to _
42、58_ (he), I paid for them, so I must eat them.This old man seemed pretty stupid. But are we so much smarter? All of us have _59_ (spend) money and time on something一maybe a relationship, or a business, or a job一and sometimes, even if we know theres no hope that things will change, we still continue
43、with it.What we can learn _60_ the old man is this: if youve lost a lot over something that doesnt work, let it go and move on. Its better than continuing to lose.【答案与解析】【文章大意】一个老人去了印度，买了一些红色的水果。当他吃了这种“水果”之后，他的嘴唇发烫，眼泪直流，脸也变得很红，原来他买的是辣椒。当人们都劝他不要再吃的时候，他不听，他觉得自己花钱买的，就要吃掉。通过讲述这个故事作者告诉我们：如果你在一些不成功的事情上失去了
44、很多，那就让它过去，继续前进，总比继续输更好。51. cheapest 句意：最便宜的东西是一篮子红色的水果。cheap便宜的，是一个形容词。根据上句话When he got there, he saw some fruit for sale, but most of it was very cheap.可知，大多数水果都很便宜，这句话说的是其中最便宜的，故这里应填最高级cheapest。52. asked 句意：这个老人问：“多少钱一公斤？”ask问，是一个动词。根据文意可知，短文讲述的是发生在过去的一个故事，全文以一般过去时为主叙述，故这里应填过去式asked。53. so 句意：两卢比在
45、印度几乎一文不值，因此这个老人买了整整一公斤，开始吃起来。根据两句话的意思可知，前一句话表示原因，后面这句话是结果，故这里填连词so，意为“因此，所以”。54. to burn/ burning 句意：然而，他一开始吃，他的嘴就开始发烫，他的眼睛也流出了眼泪，他的脸也变得像那个水果一样红。burn燃烧，发热，是一个动词。空began的原形是begin，意为“开始”，常用于句型begin to do sth.或者begin doing sth.“开始做某事”，因此这里应填to burn或者burning。55. as 句意：然而，他一开始吃，他的嘴就开始发烫，他的眼睛也流出了眼泪，他的脸也变得像
46、那个水果一样红。根据句意可知，这里考查的是短语asas“和一样”，故这里填as。56. dawn 句意：他咳嗽着，挣扎着呼吸，上下跳跃，尖叫这：“啊，啊，啊！”up and down上上下下，是一个固定短语，故这里应填down。57. heads 句意：看到他的一些人都摇着头说：“你疯了吗？”head头，是一个名词。根据句意Some people who were looking at him shook可知，这里指的是“一些人的头”，应该用复数，故填heads。58. himself 句意：这个老人自言自语说：“我花钱买的，所以我必须吃掉他们。”he是人称代词主格形式，意为“他”。根据句意可知，老人对自己说，故这里应填反身代词himself。59. spent 句意：我们所有人都在某事上花费时间或金钱，或许是一段关系、一个事业或者是一份工作。spend花费，是一个动词。这一段是讲完了故事，给我们总结其中的哲理，应用现在时态。空前有have，结合句意可知应用现在完成时，故这里填过去分词spent。60. from 句意：从这个老人身上我们学到的东西是：如果你在一些不成功的事情上
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