1、2019年中考真题英语分项汇编专题19 短文填空考点4杂糅型填空Passage 1（2019 浙江省湖州市）阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。Greetings from Madrid!I cant believe Im finally here! The trip from Hong Kong _51_ (be) long and tiring, but I made it. My hotel is nice and I am staying in a guesthouse in the central area of Madrid. I got a
2、cheap and simple room, much _52_ (small) than my own room back home. It only has a small bed and shower, _53_ it is quite comfortable to stay in.The weather here is wonderful. Its warm and sunny, _54_ clear blue skies every day. Its great for sightseeing, because there are a lot of things to see and
3、 do. Ive found a friendly guide here and yesterday I _55_ (show) around the city. Tomorrow he will take _56_ (I) to Andalusia to visit the city of Granada. I cant wait _57_ (see) the Alhambra Palace and other places of interest. Also, I _58_ (real) want to try the food there - especially gazpacho, _
4、59_ kind of cold soup which I hear is special, very different from anything else in Spain.Ill bring you back some _60_ (present). See you next month!Love, Jamie【答案与解析】【文章大意】文章介绍了作者旅游的一些情况，住的房间很小，但是很舒服，天气温暖，阳光明媚，湛蓝的天空，友好的导游带他参观了很多名胜，还要品尝当地的名吃美食。51. was 句意：在香港的旅游又长又累。根据but I made it.可知是过去时态，主语The trip
5、单数，故填was。52. smaller 句意：比我自己的房间小得多。根据than可知用比较级，故填smaller。53. but 句意：但是住在里面相当舒服。It only has a small bed and shower, 和 it is quite comfortable to stay in之间的关系，可知是转折关系，故填but。54. with 句意：每天有湛蓝的天空。根据Its warm and sunny, _54_ clear blue skies every day可知是有，根据句子结构，可知用with介词，带有，故填with。55. was shown/was show
6、ed 句意：昨天我参观了这个城市。根据show sb around带领某人参观，主语I和show之间被动关系，所以用被动语态，结构是be+过去分词，根据yesterday可知是过去时态，故填was shown/was showed。56. me 句意：明天他将带我去Andalusia。根据句子结构，可知这里是作宾语，所以用宾格，故填me。57. to see 句意：我迫不及待想看Alhambra宫殿。根据cant wait to do sth迫不及待做某事，故填to see。58. really 句意：我真的想品尝一下这儿的食物。根据副词修饰动词want，故填really。59. a 句意：我
7、听说一种凉汤很特殊。根据is可知是单数，a kind of一种，故填a。60. presents 句意：我要给你带回一些礼物。根据some可知用复数；故填presents。Passage 2（2019 浙江省杭州市）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。The eco-houseSimon Dale didnt want to live in a citys apartment building. So he made up his mind _36_(build) his own home in the countryside. He moved to Wa
8、les with his family and built a wooden eco-house. With the help of his father-in-law, a builder, he moved into a _37_ (comfort) new home after only four months. _38_only cost $4,700 to build the house.The eco-house is made of natural _39_ (material). Simon Dale and his father-in-law _40_ (dig) into
9、the side of a hill and then used the mud and stone to make the walls. The floors _41_ (make) from wood from the nearby area. The design is open-plan. There is no central heating, _42_ theres a wood-burner and solar panels (太阳能电板) on the top _43_ can provide power for lighting, music and computing. D
10、rinking water is from a nearby spring. The fridge stays cool, thanks _44_ air from under the ground. Simon Dale says, “We try to live in peace with the natural world.” He has _45_ (certain) done his best to achieve that.【答案与解析】【文章大意】这篇短文给我们介绍的是Simon Dale这个人，他不喜欢住在城市的公寓里，他觉得我们应该与自然世界和谐共处。于是在他岳父的帮助下，他
11、在农村建了一所房子，这是一个生态住房，材料都是天然的。36. to build 句意：因此他下定决心在农村修建他自己的房子。build修建，建筑，是一个动词。句中谓语动词部分使用了短语make up ones mind“下定决心”，后面常跟动词不定式形式，故这里应填to build。37. comfortable 句意：他的岳父是一个建筑工人，在他的帮助下，他仅仅在四个月之后就搬进了舒服的新家。comfort可以作动词或者名词，意为“舒适，安慰”。根据句意可知，这里表示“一个的家”，应用形容词形式comfortable，“舒适的”，修饰后面的名词home。38. It 句意：修建这个房子只花费
12、了4,700美元。根据句意可知，这里表示建造房子花费了钱，It是形式主语，to build the house是真正的主语。故填It。39. materials 句意：这个生态的房子是有天然的材料制成的。material材料，是一个名词。根据文意和常识可知，建造房子需要很多的材料，故这里应填名词复数materials。40. dug 句意：Simon和他的岳父在山坡上挖了个洞，然后用泥和石头做墙。dig挖，是一个动词。根据句意可知，这句话表达的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。并且空后and the used使用了过去式，and连接并列的谓语动词，故这里也填过去式dug，是不规则的变化。41.
13、 are made 句意：地板是用附近地区的木头铺成的。make制作，是一个动词。根据句意可知，The floors与动词构成被动关系，应用被动语态；这句话说的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，故应填are made。42. but 句意：没有暖气，但是有一个烧木头的火炉和太阳能电池板，提供照明、音乐和电脑的用电。根据句意，空前提到no central heating，而空后是theres a wood-burner and solar panels“有”，前后位转折关系，故这里应填but。43. which/that 句意：没有暖气，但是有一个烧木头的火炉和太阳能电池板，提供照明、音乐和电脑的用电
14、。根据句子结构可知，这里是一个定语从句，先行词是solar panels，指物，从句中缺少主语，故应用关系代词which或者that引导。44. to 句意：多亏了地下的空气，冰箱能保持凉爽。根据句意可知，这里考查的是固定短语thanks to，意为“多亏，幸亏，由于”，故这里填to。45. certainly 句意：当然他尽了最大努力来实现这一点。certain当然的，肯定的，是一个形容词。根据句意和句子结构可知，这个词修饰的是整个句子的内容，应用副词形式，故填certainly。Passage 3（2019 福建省）阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给的单词提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的单
15、词，要求所填的单词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。Before paper was invented, people wroteor drew on materials such as bamboo81. _ slk, animal hide, and wooden blocks. Writing materials were 82. _ (real) expensive and few people learned to read. Therefore, few people wrote. This all changed, thanks 83. _ an man named
16、Cai Lun.Paper had already existed(存在) in China , but the process for 84. _ (produce) it was difficult and the paper was of low quality. Cai Lun began experimenting (试验) with many different materials and different 85. _ (method) to turn those materials into paper. In the year 105, he made it from tre
17、e bark, bamboo, cloth rags, and fishing nets. His paper was 86. _ (strong) and cheaper than any paper that had been made before.With Cai Luns papermaking method, Chinese culture 87. _ ru more rapidly over the next several centuries. Thats because ideas were much easier to share 88. _ more people lea
18、rned to read. The use of paper spread abroad, helping 89. _ cultures record and spread their ideas. Today, Cai Lun is considered a national hero in China. But 90. _ whole world should remember the clever Chinese papermaker forever.【答案与解析】【文章大意】主要讲述中国造纸术之父蔡伦以及造纸的过程。81. silk 考查音标。根据句意及所给音标拼写规则可知。82. r
19、eally 考查副词。根据句意可知，书写材料是真的很昂贵，这里修饰 expensive要用副词，real的副词为 really。83. to 考查介词。根据句意，多亏了一个叫做蔡伦的人，thanks to 意为“多亏了”，因此填介词to。84. producing 考查非谓语动词。根据句意，纸在中国已经存在，但是生产纸的过程还是很困难，并且纸是低质量的。再根据介词后面接动词的-ing 形式，for为介词，因此这里填producing。85. methods 考查名词复数。根据句意可知，蔡伦是以很多不同的材料和不同的方法开始试验，different后面接名词的复数形式，method复数形式为me
20、thods。86. stronger 考查形容词比较级，根据句意可知，他的纸比之前使用的任何纸都来得更牢固和更便宜，因此这里填strong的比较级 stronger。87. grew 考查音标。根据句意及所给音标的拼写规则可知。88. and 考查并列连词，根据句意可知，那是因为想法更容易分享，并且更多人学会阅读，因此这里填 and。89. other 考查音标。根据句意及所给音标的拼写规则可知。90. the 考查冠词。句意为“一整个世界应该永远记住这个聪明的中国造纸者”，the whole world 表示一整个世界，因此这里填 the。Passage 4（2019 浙江省台州市）阅读下面
21、的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。The mountain was high and it was cold. Everything 61 （cover）by snow and ice and it was dangerous. I shook in my tent as the storm tried 62 （knock）me back to the bottom. “You will never make it to the top, ”everyone said, no woman has ever climbed this mountain and on
22、ly a few people have done it by themselves. I was so confident 63 I would be the first woman to climb up to the top of Whitmore. I had prepared for several 64 （month）. The wind had gotten much 65 （quiet）when I woke up the next morning. I climbed 66 of my tent and looked out at the mountain. Everythi
23、ng was white and still. “I will make it to the top today, I thought to 67 （I）. I started up the slope. My feet crunched the snow with every step I took. It was a beautiful day. I was climbing quickly. Soon I was going to reach the top. All of 68 sudden, I slipped（滑倒）. I moved down the mountain. I wa
24、s going slowly at first but then I started to slide very fast. I started to turn around and around quickly. After what felt 69 forever, I came to a stop. I had slid all the way to the bottom. I was alive. I couldnt believe it. Three days later, I 70 （make）it to the top. It was a beautiful day and I
25、had a perfect view of everything around me. 【答案与解析】【文章大意】文章讲了作者爬上惠特莫尔山顶的经历，期间遇到过好多困难和危险，但是作者都克服了，最终登上了山顶。（1）wascovered 考查动词。根据意思：所有的东西都被冰雪覆盖着，一般过去时态被动语态，主语是不定代词，看做单数，故was covered。（2）toknock 考查动词。根据意思：我在帐篷里发抖，因为暴风雨试图把我推回谷底。try to do努力去干，故填to knock。（3）that 考查连词。根据意思：我是如此自信，我认为我将成为第一个爬上惠特山顶的女人。so that，
26、固定句式，故填that。（4）months 考查名词。根据意思：我已经准备好几个月了。several 后面加名词复数。故填months（5）quieter 考查形容词。根据意思：第二天早上我醒来时，风变得更安静了。比较级quieter。（6）out 考查副词。根据意思：我从帐篷里爬出来，出来 out of。故填out。（7）myself 考查代词。根据意思：我自己在想。我自己myself。（8）a 考查冠词。根据意思：突然，我滑倒了。All of a sudden突然，固定表达，故填a。（9）like 考查介词。根据意思：在感觉像永远一样之后，我停了下来。feel like 感觉像，故填lik
27、e。（10）made 考查动词。根据意思：三天后，我爬上了山顶。一般过去时态，故填made。【点睛】语法填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答对于同义词和近义词的选项，在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这些同义词和近义词搭配本文主要考查了动词、名词、形容词、副词、等实词，需要考生弄懂上下文的语境Passage 5（2019 湖北省宜昌市）根据所给首字母、上下文或汉语提示完成空格中所缺单词，使短文完整通顺，语法正确。每空只能填一个词。The Chinese high-speed railways have a quatity all on its own. Tier 1
28、(一线) c_31_ like Beijing have a couple hundred high-speed trains stopping at the city every day. Chinas_32_(科技) on building the railway is leading the rest of the world. There is no sign that any_33_country could be better than China in near future. I had my _34_(第一次) opportunity to ride the high-spe
29、ed trains last week when I had a business meeting in Zhengzhou.As someone w_35_grew up with a disdain (偏见 )for public transportation (not sure why the US hates it so much), I was afraid_36_the experience. I hoped to fly, but was told that it would be much better if I_37_(乘)the train.The train was am
30、azing. I had traveled on a train before in the US and hated how s_38_it was and how many stops there were. Chinese high-speed trains are on a different level. The trains are clean and the seats are huge. You cant even_39_(感觉) how fast the train is moving. If there were no windows, I wouldnt be a _40
31、_ to tell when we were stopped or when we were traveling at 300 km/hit is that smooth.Im traveling again this week by train and Im excited.【答案与解析】【文章大意】本文作者通过讲述自己在中国第一次坐高铁的经历，反映出中国的铁路建设技术已经领先于世界其他国家。31. cities 句意：像北京这样的一线城市每天有几百列高速列车停靠在这里。tier 1 cities一线城市，固定短语；根据句意语境和首字母提示，可知填cities。32. technology
32、句意：中国的铁路建设技术领先于世界其他国家。Chinas是名词所有格，需接名词；系词is需跟单数人称，根据句意语境和汉语提示，可知填technology。33. other 句意：没有迹象表明，在不久的将来，任何其他国家都能超过中国。any other任何其他的，后接可数名词单数，指在同一范围内除了某人或某物以外的其他人或事物。本句than表比较，根据句意结构和上下文提示，可知填other。34. first 句意：这是我第一次有机会坐高铁。opportunity机会，名词可用序数词修饰；根据句意语境和汉语提示，可知填first。35. who 句意：作为一个从小就鄙视公共交通的人(不知道为什
33、么美国这么讨厌公共交通)，我害怕这种经历。本句是定语从句，someone指人，空白处做从句主语；根据句意结构和首字母提示，可知填who。36. of 句意：作为一个从小就鄙视公共交通的人(不知道为什么美国这么讨厌公共交通)，我害怕这种经历。be afraid of害怕，固定短语；根据句意结构和上下文提示，可知填of。37. took 句意：我希望坐飞机，但有人告诉我坐火车会好得多。本句是含有if条件句的宾语从句，条件状语从句的主句it would be是过去将来时，从句谓语动词需用相应的一般过去时；根据句意结构和汉语提示，可知填took。38. slow 句意：我以前在美国坐过火车，讨厌它的速
34、度慢，也讨厌它有那么多站。本句是感叹句结构，how后接形容词或副词；系词was需接表语形容词，根据句意语境和首字母提示，可知填slow。39. feel 句意：你甚至感觉不到火车开得有多快。本句缺谓语动词，情态动词cant后接原形动词；根据句意语境和汉语提示，可知填feel。40. able 句意：如果没有窗户，我就不能知道我们什么时候停下来。be able to能够；根据句意语境和首字母提示，可知填able。Passage 6（2019 贵州省安顺市）WeChat is _66_ new mobile communication tool. It supports sending voice
35、s, videos, photos and text _67_（message）. You can also do group chats, or you can find new friends nearby to talk to.Wherever they are, people can also find a stranger to talk to _68_ shaking the phone .The system will find out others who are shaking their phones at the same time. Another _69_ （amaz
36、e）function(功能）is that WeChat can make us _70_ (look) for people who live nearby, and show the distance. I like this function best _71_ it can help you to find more people who you may know.Recently, I read news that some stupid girls met guys by shaking their cell phones and some_72_（terribly) incide
37、nts（事件）happened after they met. So I suggest WeChat users should learn to protect _73_ (them) and not trust strangers so much.Technology has already made life become _74_(easy) and more comfortable, and at the same time it _75_ (bring) us some disadvantages. Therefore, being careful is necessary.【答案
38、与解析】【文章大意】本文主要谈论“微信”的功能。66. a 句意：“微信”是一种新型的移动通信工具。不定冠词可表示泛指，指某类事物中的一个，意思是“一个/只”，用于可数名词单数前；mobile communication tool是可数名词单数，new 是辅音音素开头，可知使用不定冠词a。67. messages 句意：它支持发送声音、视频、照片和文本消息。text message：文本消息，复数是text messages；可数名词复数表示泛指，可数单数一般不单独使用；结合句意可知填messages。68. by 句意：无论他们在哪里，人们也可以通过摇动电话找到一个“陌生人”来交谈。短语by
39、 doing sth.：通过某种方式做某事；结合句意可知填by。69. amazing 句意：另一个惊人的功能是，微信可以让我们寻找住在附近的人，并显示距离。amaze：使惊奇，动词，形容词有amazed和amazing，amazed：感到大为惊奇的，一般修饰人；amazing令人大为惊奇的，一般修饰物，指事物本身具有的特性；本词修饰名词，可数填形容词， function(功能）是物，可知填amazing。70. look 句意：另一个惊人的功能是，微信可以让我们寻找住在附近的人，并显示距离。短语make sb. do sth.：使某人做某事；结合句意和所给词可知填look。71. becau
40、se 句意：我最喜欢这个功能，因为它可以帮助你找到更多你可能认识的人。根据句意可知后句是前句的原因，可知填because。72. terrible 句意：最近，我读到一则新闻，说一些愚蠢的女孩通过摇晃手机和男人见面，在他们见面后发生了一些可怕的事件。本词修饰名词，可知填形容词；terribly：可怕地，很，非常地，副词；形容词是terrible；结合句意和所给词可知填terrible。73. themselves 句意：所以我建议微信用户应该学会保护自己，不要太信任陌生人。them他们，人称代词；themselves：他们自己，反身代词；protect oneself：保护自己，结合句意和所给
41、词可知填themselves。74. easier 句意：技术已经使生活变得越来越容易和舒适，同时也给我们带来了一些缺点。本句是and连接的两个形容词，共同做become的表语，and是并列连词，它连接的这两个形容词形式应一致， more comfortable是比较级，可知填比较级；easy的比较级是easier；结合句意和所给词可知填easier。75. brings/has brought 句意：技术已经使生活变得越来越容易和舒适，同时也给我们带来了一些坏处。根据句意可知使用一般现在时（现在情况）也可使用现在完成时（过去发生的事情对现在已经造成的坏处）；使用一般现在时，主语it三单，可知
42、谓语三单，可知填brings；现在完成时构成has/have done sth.，本句主语it可知使用单数has，bring的过去分词是brought，可知填has brought。故答案是brings/has brought。Passage 7（2019 湖南省衡阳市）根据所给汉语或英文首字母写出短文中所缺英语单词。Confucius, a pioneer in the field of _31_（教育）. He was born in the year 551 B. C. He was a great thinker who had many wise ideas about human
43、nature and behavior. His main ideas are about kindness and good manners. He was also a famous philosopher whose wise sayings have i_32_ many people in d_33_ countries. For example，one of his famous sayings, He who learns but does not think is lost; he who thinks but does not learn is in d_34_, tells
44、 us the _35_（重要性）of learning and thinking.【答案与解析】【文章大意】这篇短文主要介绍了伟大的教育家孔子，介绍了他的一些教育理念。31. education 句意：孔子是教育领域的先驱。根据下文He was born in the year 551 B. C. He was a great thinker who had many wise ideas about human nature and behavior. His main ideas are about kindness and good manners.可知上文是说教育界的先驱。educa
45、tion的意思是“教育”，根据句意，故填education。32. influenced 句意：他也是一位著名的哲学家，他的智慧之言影响了许多不同国家的人。这里是完成时，其结构是have done的形式。influence的意思是“影响”，过去分词是influenced，根据句意，故填influenced。33. different 句意：他也是一位著名的哲学家，他的智慧之言影响了许多不同国家的人。different+名词复数，表示不同的。different countries不同的国家；根据句意，故填different。34. danger 句意：学而不思则罔。这里是孔子的名言，be in
46、danger表示处于危境。根据句意，故填danger。35. importance 句意：告诉我们学习和思考的重要性。the importance of.表示的重要性。根据句意，故填importance。Passage 8（2019 湖南省衡阳市）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。Friends are important to everyone, _36_, some people may have trouble _37_(keep) their friendships. Here are some tips on how to make your friendship _38_ (deep) and stronger.Be yourself. A lot of teens try not to lose the friendship once they become friends with some people. Though your identity（身份）is always changing, some of your personality w
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