1、2019年中考真题英语分项汇编专题17 任务型阅读考点2回答问题Passage 1（2019 山东省滨州市）阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。Need a reason to be happy? Then you will be happy to know that March 20th is the International Day of Happiness.The United Nations set up the International Day of happiness in 2012 to remind us that happiness is a basic human g
2、oal and right.It was celebrated for the first time in 2013. On that day, we celebrated hundreds of “ Happy Heroes” those who did so much to bring happiness to others. They helped the homeless to live a comfortable life and the poor kids to go to school.The 2014 Day of Happiness actions asked people
3、to share pictures of making them happy. People all over the world showed their favourite pictures on the Internet. “Its exciting to see so many people sharing photos of what makes them happy.” Joe, a senior high school students from Canada said. The 2015 Day of Happiness actions gave attention on re
4、lationships. Modern society is leaving more and more people feeling lonely. On that day, thousands of people all around the world reached out to make new connections with others. They visited their neighbours, gave calls to the doctors they didnt know very well, drove the strangers to station for fr
5、eeThe theme of the 2019 Day of Happiness is “Happier Together”. It encourages people worldwide to focus on what we have in common, rather than what divides us.66. When is the International Day of Happiness?_67. Why did the United Nations set up the International Day of Happiness?_68. How did Joe fee
6、l when he saw many people sharing photos?_69. According to the passage, more and more people are feeling happy in modern society, arent they?_70. What is the theme of 2019 Day of Happiness?_【答案与解析】【文章大意】本文介绍了什么是国际幸福日，联合国要设立国际幸福日的目的，往年国际幸福日的基本情况以及今年的主题“快乐在一起”，鼓励全世界的人关注共同点，而不是分歧。66. On March 20th. 【解析
7、】题意：国际幸福日是什么时候?考查细节理解。根据Then you will be happy to know that March 20th is the International Day of happiness.可知3月20日是国际幸福日，故填On March 20th.。67. To remind us that happiness is a basic human goal and right. 【解析】题意：为什么联合国要设立国际幸福日?考查细节理解。根据The united Nations set up the International Day of happiness in
8、2012 to remind us that happiness is a basic human goal and right.可知联合国设立“国际幸福日”是为了提醒我们幸福是人类的基本目标和权利，故填To remind us that happiness is a basic human goal and right.。68. Excited. 【解析】题意：当乔看到许多人分享照片时，他是什么感觉?考查细节理解。根据“Its exciting to see so many people sharing photos of what makes them happy.” Joe, a sen
9、ior high school students from Canada said.可知他很兴奋，故填Excited.。69. No, they arent. 【解析】题意：根据这篇文章，越来越多的人在现代社会感到幸福，不是吗?考查细节理解。根据The 2015 Day of happiness actions gave attention on relationships. Modern society is leaving more and more people feeling lonely.可知是否定回答，故填No, they arent.。70. Happier Together.
10、【解析】题意：2019年幸福日的主题是什么?考查细节理解。根据The theme of the 2019 Day of Happiness is “Happier Together”.可知填Happier Together.。Passage 2（2019 北京市）Huge Waves Destroying Arctic Ice Faster than ExpectedIce covers much of the Arctic Ocean（北冰洋）. Some pieces of ice are huge, like moving islands. As temperatures have in
11、creased, however, some of the ice has begun to disappear. Scientists have discovered huge waves（海浪）in the arctic waters.The waves were discovered by accident in May, 2010. Scientist Aleksey Marchenko and his students set out on a trip. They wanted to study the icy waters.On May 2, the ship traveled
12、east and stopped next to a large chunk of ice around 50 miles from the small island of Hopen. Marchenko prepared to lead his students out onto the Ice.We were ready to go but when I went out, I discovered many cracks（裂缝）around, he remembers.He decided to move the ship deeper into the ice to keep saf
13、e. The farther in they went, he thought, the harder the ice would become. As they pushed forward, however, the ship experienced small waves, and then bigger ones. Soon, the waves broke up the ice around the ship into thousands of smaller piecesWithin an hour, Marchenko and his team saw a wave that w
14、as about 13 feet high. The ships navigation（航行）system finally recorded the largest waves. They were more than 20 feet in height. The waves were so strong that they forced huge pieces of ice to jump up and down, breaking the ice into smaller pieces within just one hour. Scientists had never imagined
15、that the process could happen so fast. The waves in these areas used to be small.The speed and force of the huge waves there makes it impossible to know in advance when they are coming. That could be dangerous for navigators and local communities who are unprepared for huge waves or depend on sea ic
16、e to protect them. Wildlife like polar bears and walruses that depend on sea ice to live is also in danger.Some scientists think people will soon see even bigger waves in these icy waters. As waves break up ice, the seas will become more open, and the waves will get even stronger. There are stormy t
17、imes ahead.34. When did Marchenko and his students discover huge waves in the arctic waters?35. Why did Marchenko and his students set out on the trip?36. What did Marchenko decide to do to keep safe?37. How high were the largest waves recorded by the navigation system?38. What is Paragraph 7 mainly
18、 about?【答案与解析】【文章大意】这篇短文讲述的是科学家们在北冰洋发现了海浪，海浪非常大，迫使巨大的冰块上下跳跃，在很短的时间内将冰块破碎成更小的冰块，而随着冰块的减少，海浪就会变得更大，这使得依赖冰块生存的北极熊、海象等野生动物处在危险之中。34. In May.2010. 【解析】根据短文第二段开头The waves were discovered by accident in May, 2010.可知，这些巨大的海浪是在2019年五月份，被科学家Aleksey Marchenko和他的学生们发现的。故答案为In May 2010.35. Because they wanted to
19、 study the icy waters. 【解析】根据短文第二段中Scientist Aleksey Marchenko and his students set out on a trip. They wanted to study the icy waters.可知，Marchenko和他的学生想要研究冰冷的海水。故答案为Because they wanted to study the icy waters.36. He moved the ship deeper into the ice. 【解析】根据短文第五段He decided to move the ship deeper i
20、nto the ice to keep safe.可知，为了安全，Marchenko决定把船开到冰更深的地方。故回答He moved the ship deeper into the ice.37. More than 20 feet. 【解析】根据短文第六段The ships navigation（航行）system finally recorded the largest waves. They were more than 20 feet in height.可知，导航系统记录的最大的海浪有20多英尺高。故答案为More than 20 feet.38. The damage of th
21、e huge waters to people and wildlife in Arctic. 【解析】根据短文第七段That could be dangerous for navigators and local communities who are unprepared for huge waves or depend on sea ice to protect them. Wildlife like polar bears and walruses that depend on sea ice to live is also in danger.可知，这一段中主要介绍了巨大的海浪对航海
22、人员、当地社区以及野生动物的危害。故答案为The damage of the huge waters to people and wildlife in Arctic.【点睛】这是一篇科普说明文，短文中讲述了在北冰洋海域发现巨大海浪的过程，以及巨大海浪对人类以及野生动物的危害。文章主题明确，结构清晰，但短文中句式结构复杂，内容离学生们的日常生活较远，在理解上有一定的难度。题型是任务型阅读，要求根据文意回答问题，考查学生们对文章事实细节的理解。做题时，应先通读短文，了解文章大意；然后根据题目所问锁定文章相关段落或语句作答。例如第1小题，题目问的是发现海浪的时间，注意在短文中搜索数字、月份等关键词
23、信息，根据第二段The waves were discovered by accident in May, 2010可知答案。第4小题同理，注意数字和关键词the largest waves。Passage 3（2019 安徽省）阅读下面短文，并用英语回答问题（请注意每小题后面的词数要求）。Remember when you were a little child trying to learn to walk?First, you had to learn how to balance (平衡) yourself and stand. You fell down, and then got
24、back up. You laughed sometimes and cried at other times. After much practice, you finally learned how to balance yourself. You got much pleasure from this new feeling of poweryoud stand everywhere you could. It was a happy timeyou did it!Now the next stepwalking. Youd seen others do it. It didnt loo
25、k that hardjust move your legs while you were standing. Wrongmore difficult than you ever imagined. But after you tried again and again and again, you understood how to walk.If people found you walking, they cheered, Oh, look at what the kid is doing. This encouraged you! But look back on those days
26、 when you were the little childhow many times did you try when no one was watching, or when no one was cheering? You couldnt wait for someone to encourage you to take the next steps. You learned how to encourage yourself.So, keep trying and encouraging yourself as you learned to walk if you want to
27、succeed in doing something.58. What is the first step in learning to walk? (不超过15个词)_59. When did you understand how to walk? (不超过15个词)_60. What should you do if you want to succeed in doing something? (不超过15个词)_【答案与解析】【文章大意】还记得你怎样学会走路的吗？一开始你不知道如何掌握平衡，因此一次次的跌倒，然后爬起来。在经过了很多练习之后，你终于学会了。通过这个例子作者告诉我们：如果
28、你想在某件事上取得成功，你就要不断地尝试和鼓励自己。58. The first step in learning to walk is to balance yourself and stand./ To learn how to balance yourself and stand. 【解析】根据短文第二段第一句话First, you had to learn how to balance (平衡) yourself and stand.可知，学习走路第一步是学会怎样保持平衡和站立。由此可知答案为The first step in learning to walk is to balance
29、 yourself and stand.或者简略回答为To learn how to balance yourself and stand.59. I/We understood how to walk after I/we tried again and again and again. 【解析】根据短文第三段But after you tried again and again and again, you understood how to walk.可知，在一次次的尝试之后，你理解了怎样走路。由此可知答案为I/We understood how to walk after I/we t
30、ried again and again and again.60. I/We should keep trying and encouraging myself/ ourselves as I/we learned to walk. 【解析】根据短文最后一句话So, keep trying and encouraging yourself as you learned to walk if you want to succeed in doing something.可知，如果想在某件事上取得成功，你就要不断地尝试和鼓励自己。由此可知答案为. I/We should keep trying
31、and encouraging myself/ ourselves as I/we learned to walk.【点睛】这篇短文作者通过讲述我们小时候学习走路的例子，告诉我们一个道理，即：如果你想在某件事上取得成功，你就要不断地尝试和鼓励自己。短文中心明确，主旨突出，文章内容贴近实际生活，通过生活中的事例讲述一个道理，有助于学生们的理解。题型是任务型阅读，题目都是回答问题，考查学生们对文章事实细节的理解，答案常可以直接在原文找到。做题时，应先通读短文，了解文章大意；然后根据题目所问，锁定文章相关段落或语句作答，注意使用正确的人称，以及题目中字数的要求。例如第1小题，根据题干中关键词the
32、first step可以定位到短文第二段的开头，由First, you had to learn how to balance (平衡) yourself and stand.可知答案为The first step in learning to walk is to balance yourself and stand.或者简略回答为To learn how to balance yourself and stand.Passage 4（2019 湖南省长沙市）I am Canadian. I started learning French when I was 10 years old. B
33、ut my whole experience with the language was in the classroom. All of that changed, however, during my last summer of high school. As a 17-year-old girl, I flew across the country by myself for the first time! I headed for Quebec to live in the province with a French-speaking host family, who didnt
34、speak any English. And I would learn French at a local school. On the first day of school, all of us students were given a test to determine（测定）our language level. We were required to speak only French all summer.I made every effort to communicate in a second language by making new friends, seeing m
35、ovies and even ordering food from restaurants in French. Though I couldnt understand most of it at the very beginning, the whole experience was exciting and refreshing. On weekends, my classmates and I took trips to different places around the province. On one trip, we went whale watching on the St.
36、 Lawrence River. Even though it was raining, we could see huge whales swimming around our boat. The most memorable part of our trip was a visit to historic Quebec City. I walked along the stone streets, took pictures of the European-style（欧式的）buildings, and learned some stories there.Finally my effo
37、rts paid off! At the end of the summer, I was able to communicate pretty well. I couldnt wait to go back to school and talk with my French teacher. Being fully immersed（沉浸）in a French-speaking environment was a valuable learning experience. And it could be the main reason for my improvement in Frenc
38、h.1When did the writer fly alone for the first time? _2How did the local school determine the students language level? _3Did the writer enjoy the experience of communicating in French? _4What did the writer think of the visit to historic Quebec City? _5What could be the main reason for the writers i
39、mprovement in French? _【答案与解析】【文章大意】作者是加拿大人，10岁时开始学法语，但所有的语言学习都是在教室内完成的。17岁时独自一人飞往魁北克，和一个讲法语的家庭住在一起，并在当地学校学习法语。在那里她尽一切努力用法语交流，结交新朋友，看电影，甚至从法国餐馆点餐。作者的努力终于有了回报！在夏天结束的时候，她能够很好地用法语进行沟通。作者认为完全沉浸在讲法语的环境中是一种宝贵的学习经验。也是作者法语进步的主要原因。1At age 17. 【解析】问题：作者第一次独自坐飞机是什么时候？根据短文中的句子“As a 17-year-old girl, I flew acro
40、ss the country by myself for the first time!”可知作者在17岁的时候，第一次坐上了飞机，故答案为At age 17。2By giving them a test. 【解析】问题：当地学校是如何测定学生语言水平的？根据短文第二段中的句子On the first day of school, all of us students were given a test to determine（测定）our language level.可知，所有的学生是通过测试来测定语言水平的，故答案为By giving them a test。3Yes, she did
41、. 【解析】问题：作者喜欢用法语交流的这段经历吗？根据第三段中的句子“Though I couldnt understand most of it at the very beginning, the whole experience was exciting and refreshing.” 虽然我一开始大部分并不太明白，但整个经历是令人兴奋和耳目一新。由此判断作者非常喜欢这段语言学习的经历，故答案为Yes, she did。4It was the most memorable part of the trip. 【解析】问题：作者对历史悠久的魁北克市的这次访问是怎么看的？根据倒数第二段中的
42、句子“The most memorable part of our trip was a visit to historic Quebec City.”我们这次旅行最难忘的部分是参观历史悠久的魁北克市。因此作者认为这是旅行中最难忘的部分。故答案为It was the most memorable part of the trip。5Being fully immersed in a French-speaking environment. 【解析】问题：作者提高法语水平的主要原因是什么？根据短文最后的句子“Being fully immersed（沉浸）in a French-speaking
43、 environment was a valuable learning experience. And it could be the main reason for my improvement in French.”完全沉浸在讲法语的环境中是一种宝贵的学习经验。这可能是我法语进步的主要原因。故答案为Being fully immersed in a French-speaking environment。【点睛】任务型阅读通常有回答问题型，判断正误型，阅读填空型，英汉互译型等题型，不仅考查学生阅读理解层面的能力，更加注重考查学生“写”的能力。本题适合用“扫读法”来快速捕捉信息。扫读法是指
44、在快速浏览全文的基础上，找到与问题相关的某些特定信息，如：人名、时间、地点、事件等，来回答细节问题。第一个问题询问作者第一次独自坐飞机是什么时候。可运用“搜索式跳读”迅速从短文中锁定问题信息，答语尽量简短。Passage 5（2019 湖南省益阳市）Aron Ralston is an American man. He is interested in mountain climbing. He is used to taking risks, and there were many times when Aron almost lost his life because of acciden
45、ts. On April 26, 2003, when he climbed in Utah, he found himself a very dangerous situation. He struggled (抗争) and fought for five days. At last, he saved his own life but lost his right arm. Even after this experience, he kept on climbing mountains. He also wrote a famous book with a single arm.Arons story tells us never to give up. Every person has a dream. It makes us do what we are doing, because its what we believe in. And everyone has moments when life seems too hard, but never stop going like
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