【精准高考】2018高考英语（人教）大一轮复习（检测）：第1部分 必修1 Unit 5　Nelson Mandela—a modern hero 练案 Word版含解析

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1、第一部分 必修一 Unit 5.完形填空 导 学 号 42492102(2016广西第一次质检)Henry Ford was an American industrialist, the founder of the Ford Motor Company.When Henry Ford decided to produce his famous v-8 motor, he chose to build an_1.B_with the entire eight cylinders (气缸) put together, and instructed his engineers to_2.A_a d

2、esign for the engine.The design was placed on paper, but all the engineers agreed that it was just_3.D_to make up an eight-cylinder engine in real life.Ford said, “Produce it_4.C_”“But， ” they replied, “Its impossible ！”“Go ahead， ” Ford_5.C_.“And stay on the job until you succeed, no matter how muc

3、h _6.B_is required.”There was nothing else for the engineers to do but go ahead，_7.B_they wanted to continue to work in the Ford Company.Six months passed and nothing happened._8.A_six months passed, and_9.D_nothing happened.The engineers tried every possible plan to_10.B_the orders, but the thing s

4、eemed out of the question: impossible !At the end of the year, Ford_11.A_with his engineers, and again they_12.D_him they had found no way to follow his orders.“Go right ahead， ” said Ford, “I want it, and Ill_13.B_it.”They went ahead, and then, as if by a stroke of magic, the secret was_14.D_.Event

5、ually, the Fords_15.B_had won once more ! The secret of the Ford tells us that if you can, youll not have to look very far.Henry Ford was_16.A_， because he understood and_17.A_the principles of success.One of these is desire, in which the secret of his great achievement have been_18.B_.If you can fi

6、nd out and make full use of the particular group of principles which made Henry Ford_19.C_， if you can do this, you can_20.B_his achievements in almost any field that you are suited.文章大意：亨利福特在要制造著名的 v-8 气缸引擎汽车时 ，曾指示他的工程 师着手生产一种引擎，要把 8 个气缸全放在一起。设计的纸上作业完成了，但是工程师们都认为现实中不可能做到。然而在福特的一再坚持下终于取得了成功。1A.entra

7、nce BengineCairline Dapartment解析：根据第 2 空后的 a design for the engine 可知，福特要制造 8 气缸的引擎。故选 B项。 entrance 意为“入口；通道；入场” ；airline 意为“航线；航空公司” ；apartment 意为“公寓” 。2A.produce Bfind Ccollect Dadjust解析：根据第 4 空前的 Produce it 可知，福特指示他的工程师生产出这种引擎。 produce意为“生产；制造” ；find 意为“发现” ；collect 意为“收集” ；adjust 意为“调整” 。根据语境可知选

8、 A 项。3A.unnecessary Breasonable Cpractical Dimpossible解析：根据下文 Its impossible！可知， 虽然设计完成了，但是工程师们都认为这是不可能(impossible)做到的。故选 D 项。unnecessary 意为“没必要的 ”；reasonable 意为“合理的” ；practical 意为“实用的” 。4A.though BanywhereCanyway Dsomehow解析：根据下文 stay on the job until you succeed 可知，福特的态度很坚决，即他让工程师们无论如何都要生产出来。though

9、 意为“尽管；但是” ；anywhere 意为“无论哪里” ；anyway 意为“无论如何” ；somehow 意为 “以某种方式” 。根据语境可知选 C 项。5A.agreed Bbegged Ccommanded Dcried解析：根据空后的 And stay on the job until you succeed.可知，此处是福特命令工程师们继续做下去。agree 意为“同意 ”；beg 意为“乞求” ；command 意为“命令” ；cry 意为“哭” 。故选 C 项 。6A.money Btime Cfood Dfurniture解析：根据下一段中的 Six months pass

10、ed._six months passed 可知，此处指不管花多少时间(time)。故选 B 项。7A.once Bif Cunless Dbut解析：对工程师们来说，如果他 们还想在福特公司继续工作，除了继续下去没有别的选择。根据语境，设空处引导条件状语从句，故选 if。once 意 为“一旦” ；unless 意为“除非” ；but意为“但是” 。8A.Another BOther CEvery DThe other解析：根据上文的 Six months passed and nothing happened.可知，此处指又过了六个月。another 意为“另外的” ，与数 词连用时，置于

11、数词之前；other 意为“另外的” ，与数词连用时，置于数词之后；every 意为“每一个” ；the other 指两者中的“另一个” 。设空后为数词 six，故选 A 项。9A.only Beven Calways Dstill解析：根据本段最后一句but the thing seemed out of the question：impossible！可知，又过了六个月，仍然(still)没有进 展。故选 D 项。only 意为“ 只有， 仅仅” ；even 意为“甚至” ；always 意 为“总 是” 。10A.send out Bcarry out Cpick out Dtake

12、out解析：send out 意为“发出某物；派出某人” ；carry out 意为“执行；实行” ；pick out 意为“挑出，选出；辨认出” ；take out 意为“带( 某人)出去( 到餐 厅等)” 。根据设空后的 the orders(命令)可知， carry out 符合语境。故选 B 项。句意为：工程师们试过了所有可能的计划去执行命令，但事情似乎毫无可能：不可能！11A.checked Bquarreled Cagreed Dreplaced解析：根据语境，在年末时，事情仍然没有进展，而福特的态度依然坚定。因此，此处指他再次和工程师们确认。check with sb.意为“与某

13、人核实 ”；quarrel with 意为“与争吵” ；agree with 意为 “同意；与 一致” ；replacewith意为“用替代” 。故选 A 项。12A.teased Bwarned Cpersuaded Dinformed解析：根据空后的had found no way to follow his orders.可知，工程师们再次告诉福特无法执行他的命令。tease 意为 “取笑” ；warn 意为“警告” ；persuade 意为“说服” ；inform 意为“通知；告知” 。故选 D 项。13A.buy Bhave Corder Dgive解析：此处表明福特的态度和决心：我

14、想要 8 个气缸的引擎，而且一定会得到！ buy 意为“买” ；have 意为“有；拥有” ；order 意为“命令；订购” ；give 意为“给” 。故选 B 项。14A.spread Binvented Cadmitted Ddiscovered解析：根据下文had won once more！可知，最后工程师们成功了，发现了其中的奥秘。spread 意为“蔓延” ；invent 意为“发明” ；admit 意为“承认；准许进入” ；discover 意为“发现” 。故选 D 项。15A.contribution Bdetermination Corganization Deducatio

15、n解析：根据上文的 Go ahead 及 no matter how much time is required 等可知，此 处指福特的决心(determination)。contribution 意为“贡献” ；organization 意为“组织” ；education 意为“教育” 。16A.successful Blucky Ccareful Dimpatient解析：根据第 15 空后的 had won once more 及第 17 空后的 success 可知，此处指福特是成功的(successful) 。lucky 意为“幸运的” ；careful 意为“仔细的” ；impat

16、ient 意为“不耐烦的” 。故选 A 项。17A.applied Bcorrected Cchanged Dbroke解析：福特的成功是因为他理解并应用了成功法则。apply 意为“应用” ；correct 意为“纠正” ；change 意为“改变” ；break 意为“打破” 。故选 A 项。18A.removed Bdescribed Cprevented Dwaited解析：根据语境，福特一直坚 持做 v-8 引擎，是他的坚持和渴望使他取得了成功，而 这在他取得巨大成就的秘诀中被描述(describe)出来。 remove 意为“开除；去除” ；prevent 意为“阻止” ；wait

17、 意为“ 等待” 。故选 B 项。19A.upset Bunsuccessful Crich Danxious解析：福特的巨大成就为他带来了财富，因此，此处指如果你能发现并充分利用这些让亨利 福特富有的(rich)原则。upset 意为“心烦意乱的，不安的” ；unsuccessful 意为“不成功的”；anxious 意为“焦虑的” 。故选 C 项。解答本题时可用排除法，根据语境可知此处应用褒义词。四个选项中只有 C 项是褒义词 。20A.remember Bequal Csatisfy Daccept解析：句意为如果你能做到这个，你就能在几乎你适合的任何 领域取得同样的成功。remembe

18、r 意为“记得” ；equal 意为“等于，比得上 ”；satisfy 意为“满足” ；accept 意为“接受” 。故选 B 项。.阅读理解(2016湖北八校第二次联考) 导 学 号 42492103Born in the State of New York on May 14th, 1984, Mark Zuckerberg was an instant success.In his high school years, he was considered one of top students in the classics, before moving into the arts, s

19、ciences, and literature, again picking up high marks and receiving academic praise.It earned him admission to Harvard University.As a rebellious yet relatively quiet student, he created a website called Facemash in the universityan instantly controversial website that encouraged students to rate eac

20、h other based on appearance.The site was controversial for several reasons.The first was its illegal use of photographs, which the university and students took issue with.The second was its controversial naturenot every student like being ranked based on their appearance.The third was its huge resou

21、rce usewhile it was hosted on Harvard servers, it was the most popular page in the universitys entire network.Zuckerberg was soon forced to shut the site down, but its popularity and controversy had made him consider its future potential.He soon turned the simple site into a personal one for Harvard

22、 students, encouraging them to network with their peers at the college.It was then, together with his two friends, that they launched “The Facebook”， which immediately spread to other colleges and grew into a public service that anyone could access in the United States, whether to network with frien

23、ds and family, or to play games.The company has been criticized frequently, nevertheless, Zuckerberg has remained true to his initial visionto create a website that the entire world can use to communicate openly and easily with one another and to keep the user experience clean and pure.The end resul

24、t is one of the worlds biggest online businesses.Although its true value is debatable, its safe to say that Facebook, and its creator Mark Znckerberg, are two of the twenty-first centurys most influential, controversial, and potentially powerful figures.文章大意：本文主要讲述脸谱网创始人马克扎克伯格在读大学期间创建网站遭遇挫折但后来走向成功的故

25、事。1When Mark Zuckerberg was a student, he_B_.Awas often praised by teachers for the website he createdBhad good academic performanceCalone created a website called FacebookDencouraged students to set up business like him解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句中的 top students 和 academic praise 可知 B项正确。A 项中 for the websit

26、e he created 表述错误；C 项中 alone 表述错误；D 项在文中未提及。2The reason why Zuckerberg shut the site down was probably that_B_.Ahis website was not popularBhe was doubted for the way he used photographsChe needed time to reconsider his choiceDhe stole resource on Harvard server解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段第二句 The first was its

27、illegal use of photographs，which the university and students took issue with.可推断，网站关闭的主要原因可能是非法使用照片。故选 B 项。 take issue with 意为“提出异议” 。3Which words can best describe Zuckerberg？_D_AEasy-going and smart. BQuiet and shy.CTalented and outgoing. DRebellious and creative.解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段可知，扎克伯格很反叛(rebelli

28、ous) ，又很具有 创造性(created a website)。故选 D 项 。4The best title of the passage should be_A_.AMark Zuckerberg and His Facebook BThe Foundation of FacebookCA Talent from Harvard University DThe Development of Facebook解析：主旨大意题。从文章内容和最后一段中its safe to say that Facebook，and its creator Mark Zuckerberg，are two o

29、f the twenty-first centurys most influential，controversial，and potentially powerful figures.可知，本文主要 讲述了扎克伯格和他的 脸谱网。故选 A 项。.语法填空 导 学 号 42492104阅读下列短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2016潍坊市高三期中)Ireland， Japan，China scientists share the 2015 Nobel Prize for medicine.William Campbell，Satoshi Omura and Tu Y

30、ouyou jointly won the prize _1.for_ their work against diseases，the award-giving body said on Monday.Campbell _2.born_(bear)in Ireland and Japanese Omura won half of the prize for a new drug, _3.which_ has helped the battle against river blindness，as well as showing _4.powerful_(power)effect against

31、 other diseases.The Chinese scientist Tu Youyou also discovered artemisinin(青蒿素)，a drug that has _5.sharply_(sharp)reduced the death rates for patients _6.suffering_(suffer)from malaria(疟疾)She is also the first Chinese citizen _7.to_win_(win)the Nobel Prize for medicine.The prize winning is _8.an_ h

32、onor for Chinas science cause and traditional Chinese medicine.“These two_9.discoveries_(discover)provide humankind with a new way to fight these diseases that affect hundreds of millions of people annually.The award for Tu Youyou is the result of a major change in the way China performs scientific

33、research.China _10.has_spent_(spend)a lot of money on such research over the past years， ”a member of the Nobel committee said.文章解读：本文讲述了 2015 年诺贝尔医学奖的三位获奖者，以及他们所做出的贡献。解析：1考查介词。此处表示获奖的原因，所以用 for 表示。2考查非谓语动词。此处是过去分词作后置定语，所以用过去分词形式。3考查非限制定语从句。定语从句中缺少主语，所以用 which 来引导。4考查形容词。根据句子结构可知句子缺少定语，所以用形容词作定语。5考查副词。根据句子可知 sharp 是修饰谓语，所以用副 词形式。6考查非谓语动词。此处 suffer 与病人之间是主动关系，所以用 suffering 作定语。7考查非谓语动词。当名词前面有序数词来修饰时，常用不定式作定语，所以用 to win。8考查冠词。根据句子结构可知此处缺少冠词，根据句意可知表示泛指，所以用 an。9考查名词。句子缺少主语，又因为前面有 two 来修饰，所以用名词的复数形式。10考查时态。根据句子的时间状语 over the past years 可知应用现在完成时。