新PEP人教版八年级下册英语Unit2 Section A Grammar Focus-4c课件
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1、Unit 2 Ill help to clean up the city parks.,Section A Grammar Focus-4c,Grammar Focus,动词不定式,动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式,在句中不能作谓语,没有人称和数的变化。 基本形式:to动词原形,有时to可以省略;否定形式:not + 动词不定式。 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,因此可以在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。,一、 作宾语 动词不定式(短语)可以放在一些动词后面 用作宾语,能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有: begin, want, remember, agree, learn, l
2、ike, decide, fail, pretend, demand, refuse等。,例如: I want to tell you a story. They begin to work at eight every morning. Dont forget to lock the door. Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow?,二、 作宾语补足语 动词不定式作宾语补足语,表示宾语所做的动作,可以用动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:tell, ask, want, like, invite, encourage,
3、help等。如: The teacher asked us to read English for half an hour in the morning. The teacher often tells Jim not to spend too much time playing computer games. Please let me help you.,但在let, make, see, watch, hear, feel, notice, have等感官听觉动词或使役动词后面作宾语补足语的动词, 其不定式一般要省略动词不定式符号“to”,可以归纳为以下三种句式: 1.不可以省略to的
4、不定式作宾语补足语: tell /ask / want / would like / wish /,suppose / invite /encourage /teach/ depend on等 + sb.+ to do sth. 例如: The teacher told us to come earlier. I want you to go now. Her parents wish her to be a teacher.,2.省“to”的不定式作宾语补足语: let / make / have + sb. +do sth. 例如: Let the girl leave here now.
5、 The boy made the baby cry. see / watch / hear / notice / feel +sb.+do sth. 例如: I saw the students play basketball on the playground yesterday. I often hear the girl sing in the next room.,3.可省可不省的: help sb. (to)do sth. 例如: I often help my mother (to) do housework. 三. 作状语: (1)作目的状语。强调动词不定式所表示的目的时,动词
6、不定式可用in order to或so as to +动词原形,so as to不用于句首。,例如: He stopped to have a rest. The bus stopped so as to pick up passengers. (2)作结果状语。 例如: He woke up only to find everybody gone. His grandma lived to see the liberation of China. He is old enough to go to school.,(3)在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词后作原因状语。例如: Im proud
7、 to have taken part in the competitions . Im happy to have found many things I can do.,(1)动词不定式的否定式是直接在to之前加not. 如: Tell them not to play football in the street. (2)省略to的动词不定式的否定式是直接在动词前面加not. 如: Let the boy not go.,动词不定式的否定形式:,13,1. I want to _ my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summe
8、r. Im too busy with my studies this year. 2. She hopes to _ at least five primary schools to ask if they need volunteers for their after-school programs.,put up hand out call up cheer up come up with give out put off,put off,call up,4a,Fill in the blanks with phrasal verbs in the box.,3. Our class i
9、s trying to _ some ideas to _ sick children because they are often sad. 4. We decided to _ signs around the school and _ notices to tell students about the book sale. We will _ the money from the sale to homeless people.,come up with,cheer up,put up,hand out,give out,help move do make visit spend,Mo
10、st people today are only worried about getting good jobs _ lots of money. In their free time, they think about what _ for fun. However, few people think about what they can do _ others. There are many people who are less lucky than us. Volunteering,to do,to help,to make,Fill in the blanks with the c
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