2018年中考英语总复习课件：模块六介词和介词短语 (共25张PPT)

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1、,模块六 介词和介词短语,教师点拨,考点精讲 1 时间介词,一、in, after in时间段，用于将来时，表示从现在算起“过后”。He will come back in an hour. after时间段，段时间later，用于过去时，表示“在以后”。 After an hour，he came back.An hour later, he came back. after起点或截止时间，用于将来时或过去时，表示“在以后”。 He will come back after 5 oclock.I stayed at home after lunch today. 1How soon will

2、 the meeting begin？_ten minutes. 2Several days_，he returned the dictionary to me. 3He called me back_ an hour.,教师点拨,二、before before起点或截止时间，用于将来时或过去时，表示“在以前”。 He will come to visit us again before May.We set off before daybreak. 时间段ago，表示从现在算起“在以前”。I began to learn English 8 years ago. 1I arrived hom

3、e _ supper time. 2She was only a shy girl ten years _.,三、in, on, at in一段时间，主要表达周、月、季节、年代；泛指上午、下午、晚上。 on主要表示具体的某一天，也可表示某一天的某个时候。 at具体钟点，表示某一时刻。 注意以下固定搭配：at lunch/supper/breakfast；at night；at midnight；at noon；at present；at that time；at the moment；at last；at the same time；at times；at the end of；in the

4、end；at the beginning of；in the beginning；at the age of；on the morning of April 2nd；on a winter afternoon；on a rainy morning；on a cold night；on New Years eve等。 1My mother usually gets up _six. 2The little girl was born_a cold morning of winter_2008. 3Can the teacher come back_ Monday?,教师点拨,四、for, sin

5、ce 表时间的区别 for一段时间 since起点时间/句子 1The boy has been in China_ a week. The boy has been in China _ a week ago. The boy has been here _he came to China last week. 2Its ten years _ I first met him.,教师点拨,答案： 一、In，later，after 二、before，ago 三、at，on，in，on 四、for，since，since，since,教师点拨,教师点拨,考点精讲 2 地点和方位介词,一、abov

6、e, over, on 在上面 under, below在下面 above在上方(与物体表面不接触) over在正上方(与物体表面不接触) on在上面(与物体表面接触) under在下方(与物体表面不接触) below在下方(一般表示抽象概念) 1There is a bridge_the river. 2There is a picture_the wall. 3The plane is flying_the cloud. 4Its too hot today.The temperature must be _ 35. 5There is a football _ Mikes chair.H

7、e likes football very much. 6The temperature always stays _ zero in winter in Harbin.,二、through, across, past穿过 through纵穿(从空间内穿过)。through the door/window/forest等 across横穿(从表面过，往往是横过)。across the street/road/river/bridge等 past 经过。When I was walking past the hospital, I saw a woman crying loudly. 1Walk

8、 _ the park，and you can see a tall building on the right. 2Be careful when you go_ the road. 3When I was driving _ my school, the old guard waved to me.,教师点拨,三、among, between among在(三者或三者以上)之间；between在(两者)之间。常用词组：between.and. 1The man who is standing _ the students is Lilys father. 2I will be back_

9、five and six. 3The pay phone is _the hospital and the library.,教师点拨,四、in, on, to in表示在范围之内(属于该范围)；on表示范围外，且与某一地区接壤； to表示范围外，且不接壤，相离，隔海相望。 如：Guangdong is in the south of China.(广东属于中国) Guangdong is on the south of Hunan.(广东与湖南毗邻，且接壤) Japan is to the east of China.(日本与中国隔海相望) 1Taiwan is _the east of C

10、hina. 2Beijing is_the north of China. 3Haikou is _ the south of Zhanjiang. 4Guangxi is_ the west of Guangdong.,教师点拨,五、表方位的介词 on, in, behind, after on表示在左边、右边或者旁边，on the side of; in表示在里边； behind 在后边；after 表示顺序。 1I sit _ the right of Wang Hai.Were _the second row _ Team Four. 2The naughty boy hid hims

11、elf _ the door.His mother looked for him everywhere. 3In the sports meeting, Jim won the 100meter race.I was _him.,教师点拨,六、in front of与in the front of in front of在外前面 in/at the front of 在内前部 1There are some trees _ our teaching building. 2Our teacher usually stands _ our classroom.,教师点拨,答案： 一、over，on

12、，above，above/over，under，below 二、through，across，past 三、among，between，between 四、in，in，to，on 五、on，in，in，behind，after 六、in front of，in the front of,教师点拨,教师点拨,考点精讲 2 方式介词,一、表交通by, in, on 用by时，表方式，交通工具前不用任何修饰词。如：by air/plane/ship/sea/bike/train/bus/car等。 用in或on时，交通工具为具体实物，其前应有修饰语。如：on the bus, on an early

13、 train, on a plane, on the ship, on a horse, on the bike, in my car等。 on foot是固定搭配。,二、表手段、工具 by, in, with, on 用by时，工具前不用任何修饰词，by也可接doing。如：by hand/accident/mistake等。 by selling newspapers/reading aloud等。 用with时，工具为具体实物，其符合名词的出现形式。如：with a pen, with ears, with my nose, with(our)hands, with a rope等。 i

14、n语言、材料等。如：in English, in pencil, in ink等。 on电器、网络等。如：on the computer/the radio/TV/the phone/the Internet等。,教师点拨,1I study English _ asking the teacher for help. 2I often go to school_bike. 3He often goes to school_ his bike. 4You must write it_ Japanese. 5You can write it on the floor_ a stick.,教师点拨,

15、答案： by，by，on，in，with,教师点拨,教师点拨,考点精讲 3 其他介词,一、except, besides except “除去”，表示不包括后面所提到的人或物在内的。 besides “除以外还有”，表示包括后面所提到的人或物在内的。 如：All the students went to the park except Jim.(吉姆没有去公园。) Lucy went to the cinema besides Lily.(莉莉也去电影院了。) 1We have to wear uniforms every day _ weekends. 2The teacher told u

16、s to copy the words _two English diaries.There is too much homework.,二、on the wall, in the wall on the wall紧贴在墙表面上的，表示“在墙上”。in the wall镶嵌在墙里的，表示“在墙里”。 1There are some pictures _the wall. 2There are two windows_the wall.,教师点拨,三、one the tree, in the tree on the tree长在树上的果、叶等，表示“在树上”。in the tree外来的东西，表

17、示“在树上”。 1We can see some apples _ the tree. 2Look，there is a monkey _ the tree.,教师点拨,四、with, without with的意思是“有，带有”，表示伴随；without的意思是“没有”。 1Lily is a girl _ long hair. 2You cant finish the work _ his help. 3_ the invention of the computer, we cant get so much information so quickly.,教师点拨,五、against, f

18、or against的意思是“对，反对，对着，靠着”。for表示“为，为了，赞成”。 1I am so upset that everyone is _ my advice. 2Here is a present specially made _ you by myself. 3Heavy rain drops hit _ the windows strongly. 4Please place the ladder _ the wall.,教师点拨,六、Itsadj.for sb.to do, Its/Thatsadj.of sb.to do Itsadj.for sb.to do句型结构中，

19、it是形式主语，to do是真正的主语，adj.指的是主语。 Its/Thatsadj.of sb.to do句型结构中，it/that是主语，adj.指的是sb.常用于此结构的adj.有：kind, nice, good, helpful, stupid, foolish, clever, smart等。 如：Its necessary for us to write a good composition every week. Thats/Its very kind of you to help me with my math.,教师点拨,注意以下固定搭配： agree with同意 ar

20、rive at/in 到达 at once 立刻 on time 按时，准时 in time及时 be angry with 生的气 be good at/do well in 擅长于 be interested in 对感兴趣 be late for 迟到 belong to 属于 be strict with 对严格 by the way 顺便说 on ones way to在去的路上 catch up with赶上 cheer up 使高兴 come up with 提出 depend on依靠 be different from 与不同 fall off 掉下来 get along/o

21、n with 与相处 hear of 听说 hear from 收到来信 help with帮助 in public 在公共场合 in trouble 处于困境中 in silence 默默地 in surprise惊奇地 in time 及时 learn from 向学习 laugh at嘲笑 make friends with 与交朋友 regard.as 把当作 to ones surprise 使惊奇的是 with a smile 微笑着,教师点拨,答案： 一、except，besides 二、on，in 三、on，in 四、with，without，Without 五、against，for，against，against,教师点拨,