2018年中考英语总复习（人教版） 教材知识梳理－八年级下册课件：Units 9-10 (共25张PPT)

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1、第12课时 Units 9-10,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,1.Have you ever been to the space museum? 你曾经去过太空博物馆吗? 【考点】have been to sp.“去过某地”。 I have been to Beijing three times. 我去过北京三次了。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,【辨析】 have been to,have gone to和have been in,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,【典例1】 (2017四川南充中考)Look!Your teacher Miss White is over t

2、here. No,it cant be her.She to Beijing. A.has gone B.has been C.went D.will go 答案:A 解析:由句意可知怀特老师去北京了,还没回来,故应选A项。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,【典例2】What age did you leave home? I left home at 18,Neil.I your city for five years. A.have gone to B.have been to C.have been in D.have come to 答案:C 解析:句意:你几岁离开家的?我18岁就

3、离开家了,尼尔。我已经在你们城市待了5年了。由时间状语for five years可知选C项。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,2.Its really interesting,isnt it?它真的很有趣,不是吗? 【考点】 附加疑问句。 【拓展】 附加疑问句由两部分组成:前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个简短的疑问句,但要注意“前肯后否,前否后肯”。两部分的人称、时态应保持一致,且人称必须用主格。附加疑问句的回答则根据实际情况来确定。 【典例1】Dont be late for school next time, ? No,I wont. A.are you B.will you C

4、.do you D.did you 答案:B 解析:附加疑问句的规则是“前肯后否”或者“前否后肯”,由“Dont be.”和“I wont”可知选B项。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,【典例2】 Hes already come back from Australia, ? Yes.We watched a movie together last night. A.isnt he B.doesnt he C.hasnt he D.has he 答案:C 解析:问句中的s,是现在完成时态中has的缩写形式;根据附加疑问句的原则:前肯后否,前否后肯,故选C项。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8

5、,9,3.It also encourages governments and social groups to think about ways to improve toilets in the future. 它也鼓励政府和社会团体思考未来改善厕所的方法。 【考点】 encourage sb.to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”。 My father often encourages me to learn to swim. 我父亲经常鼓励我学游泳。 【典例】 Jessicas parents always encourage her out her opinions. A.spe

6、ak B.speaking C.to speak D.will speak 答案:C 解析:encourage sb.to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,4.Ive never been to a water park.我从未去过水上公园。 Me neither.我也没去过。 【考点】“Me neither.”是“Me too.”的反义句,是省略句式,常用于口语中,代词必须用人称代词的宾格形式,表示与上述否定句中所说的情况相同。此处答语的完整形式应该是“Neither/Nor have I.”。neither在句中理解为“也不”。 Lily can

7、t swim at all.莉莉根本不会游泳。 Her sister neither.(=Neither can her sister.) 她妹妹也不会。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,【拓展】neither的基本用法如下:,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,【典例】 (2017重庆中考A卷)那些既没有手机,也没有电脑的日子,让我对人生有了许多思考。 The days when I had phones computers made me think a lot about my life. 答案:neither;nor/no;no 解析:修饰名词,“既不也不”可用neither.no

8、r.或no.no.表示。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,5.On the one hand,more than three quarters of the population are Chinese . 一方面,超过四分之三的人是华人 【考点】three quarters “四分之三”。在英语中表达分数时分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于1时,分母用复数形式。如:2/3 two thirds 3/5 three fifths 【典例1】 (2016兰州中考) of the students in Class 6 have lunch at school. A.Two fifth B.

9、One thirds C.Three fifth D.Three quarters 答案:D 解析:在英语中表达分数时分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于1时,分母用复数形式。故选D项。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,【典例2】It is said that of the water all over the world polluted. A.two three;is B.two thirds;is C.two thirds;are D.two thirds;has 答案:B 解析:句意:据说全世界三分之二的水被污染了。分数的表达是分子用基数词,分母用序数词,若分子大于1则分母的序数词

10、要加s;因为水不可数,所以动词用单数形式,而且此处主语水和污染存在被动关系,所以用被动语态,故答案选B项。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,6you wont have any problem getting rice,noodles or dumplings. 你要吃到米饭、面条和饺子都没有任何问题。 【考点】 have problems (in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”。 I had a problem finding the lost ring. 我很难找到丢失的戒指。 【拓展】 have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth.“做某事有困

11、难”。 I have trouble finishing the task on time. 我按时完成这项任务有困难。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,【典例】 I have great in learning math and Im so worried.Could you help me? Sure.Id be glad to. A.trouble B.interest C.fun D.problem 答案:A 解析:have trouble (in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,7.Hes owned it since his fou

12、rth birthday. 自从他的四岁生日起他就拥有它了。 【考点】since可以作介词,后跟时间名词,也可以作连词,后跟时间状语从句,指某个动作或情况从过去某一时间一直持续到现在,主句的时态常用完成时。 Tom has lived in Beijing since 2008. 汤姆自从2008年就住在北京了。 I have worked in the school since I left school. 自从毕业我就在这个学校工作。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,【辨析】since与for 两个词引导的短语或从句可以互换,表示一段时间,对其提问都用how long;句中时态一般使用

13、现在完成时或现在完成进行时。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,【典例】 (2015重庆中考B卷)Miss Lin has taught us English we came to this school. A.for B.since C.before D.when 答案:B 解析:句意:自从我们来这所学校林老师就一直教我们英语。由主句是现在完成时的句子,从句为一般过去时的句子,可知选B项。,(2)for+时间段 Ive been swimming for 10 years. 我已经游泳十年了。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,8.Its a shame,but I just dont

14、have the time . 真惭愧,但我只是没有时间 【考点】 shame名词,意为“羞耻;羞愧;惭愧”;作“惋惜的事,遗憾”讲时,可与不定冠词a搭配使用。 Its a shame for you not to see the film. 你没看这部电影很遗憾。 Its raining.We cant play basketball.What a shame! 下雨了。我们不能打篮球了。真遗憾!,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,【典例】 Oh,no! Its raining.We cant go skating on the square. ! A.What a shame B.Wel

15、l done C.What a surprise D.How wonderful 答案:A 解析:what a shame“真遗憾”;well done“干得不错”;what a surprise“大吃一惊”;how wonderful“多么棒呀”。根据句意可知选A项。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,9.consider v.注视;仔细考虑 【考点】 consider doing sth.“考虑做某事”。 【拓展】 后跟动词-ing形式的动词或短语有: 完成,实践,值得,忙(finish,practice,be worth,be busy) 考虑,建议,不禁,想(consider,suggest,cant help,feel like) 错过,习惯,放弃(miss,be used to,give up ) 继续,喜欢,介意(keep on,enjoy,mind),1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,【典例】 (2016兰州中考)The fridge doesnt work.Why not consider a new one? A.buy B.bought C.to buy D.buying 答案:D 解析:consider后面加动词-ing形式,故选D项。,