7B Unit4 第三课时Grammar 学案和作业（含答案）

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1、Grammar表示方位的介词 at“在-处”, 指在某一点，常用于较小的地点。in“在-处”, 相对于at, 常用于较大的地点。 into则表示动作的方向，意为“到-内”， out of -意为“从-出来”。into 与out of 互为反义词on“在-上”, 表示在某一平面上，指与某物相接触；onto 则表示动作的方向，意为“到-上”above“在-上方”，表示在某物的上方，不一定垂直且不接触。below“在-下方”，表示在某物体下方，不一定垂直且不接触，与above 互为反义词。over “在-之上”，表示在某物体垂直正上方，但不接触。under“在-下方”，表示在某物体垂直正下方，但不接

2、触，与over 互为反义词。in front of - “在-之前”，它们是指位置的前后，表示在某物外的前面。in the front of-“在-前部”，指一定范围内的前部。 behind“在-之后”，与 in front of-互为反义词。inside“在-里面”outside“在-外面”，与inside 互为反义词。beside“在-旁边”next to“在-旁边”，相当于beside.between“在-中间”, between 表示在两者之间，among表示“在三者（或以上）之间”in the middle of - “在-的中间”on the right of -“在-右边”，反义

3、词 on the left of-“在-左边”一、掌握几组反义词：above-below; behind-in front of ; inside-outside ; over-under ; in front of-behind; in the front of-at the back of 二、区别：1.in front of 与 in the front of 2.above , over , 与on above 只表示在上方或位置高出，与below相对（不垂直，不接触） over “覆盖在上”“超过”与under相对（垂直，不接触） on 表示在某物的上面，表面相互接触。（接触）例：飞

4、机正在云端的上方。_ 在河上有座桥。_ 在桌子上有一杯水。_ 冠词a、an、the 的用法一、不冠词a、an的用法 不定冠词a和an都用在可数名词单数之前。a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前。an用在以元音音素开头的单词前。二、定冠词the的用法1特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。如：_ in a white car is Toms father. 乘白色小汽车的那个人是汤姆的爸爸。2指上文已经提到的人或事物。如：Lily bought a storybook. _ is very interesting. 莉莉买了一本故事书，这本书很有趣。3指谈话双方都知道的人或物。如：Where are _，Jim

5、? 吉姆，新书在哪里？They are on the desk. 在课桌上。4用在世界上独一无二的名词前。如：_ is bigger than _. 太阳比月亮大。5用在与play连用的西洋乐器名词前。如：She often plays _ after school. 她经常在放学后拉小提琴。 6用在方位名词前。如：in the east/the west/the south/the north 在东/西/南/北边on the left/right在左/右边7用在序数词和形容词最高级前(副词最高级前the 可省略)。如：Lin Tao is _ in his class. 林涛是他班里个子最高

6、的男孩。8用在某些形容词前，表示一类人或事物，是复数。如：the old_年轻人_ the poor_ 富人_the sick_ 盲人_ 残疾人_9用在姓氏的复数形式前，表示全家人或夫妇二人，是复数。如：_ 布莱克一家人正在吃晚饭。10用在江河、海洋、山脉、湖泊、群岛的名称前。如：长城_颐和园_西湖_11用在由普通名词和另外一些词构成的国家名称、机关团体等专有名词前。如：美国 _12用在逢十的复数数词前，表示年代。如：在19世纪80年代_13用在某些习惯用语中。如：在天空中_同时_总是，一直_ 最后；终于_在上午/下午/晚上_在周末_在的中间_三、不用冠词的情况1在专有名词(包括人名、地名、节

7、日、月份、季节)前不用冠词。如：China中国，Canada加拿大。2物质名词和抽象名词前一般不加冠词。如：time时间；water水；fruit水果。3表示一类人或事物的复数名词前不用冠词。如：他们是护士。_4 人名、称呼语、头衔、职务等名词前，一般不加冠词。如：Mr. Wang王先生；Alice爱丽丝。5三餐、球类、棋类、游戏名称前，不用冠词。如：吃午饭_；踢足球_6在“by交通工具”中，不加冠词。如：骑自行车_；乘火车_7名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词或名词所有格修饰时，不用冠词。如：那是玛丽的书。_ 我的尺子在课桌上。_Language points1.感叹句what a/an

8、+形容词+n单+主语+谓语= how 形容词a/an +n单+主语+谓语what +形容词+不可数名词/复数名词+主语+谓语How+形容词+主语+谓语(be/系动词)How+副词+主语+谓语（行为动词）_ an interesting book that is!_ hard they work!_beautiful flowers they are!_ fine weather it is!2.在-左边/右边_，在你的左边/右边_3.on the tree（果实等长）在树上，in the tree(外来物)在树上达标训练 一、用冠词a, an, the填空，不需要的地方打“/”。1. -I c

9、an see _ kite over there.-Wheres _ kite? I cant see it.2. Heisalwaysreadytohelp_ old.3. Some small shops in Britain usually close for_ hour at _ lunchtime. 4. Which is the biggest, _ sun, _ earth, or _ moon?5. I like playing _ football and he likes playing _ piano.6. -Whos _ man over there?-Oh, hes

10、_ friend of my fathers.7. Hejoinedthearmyin_spring.8. There is _ “f” in the word “from”, and _“f” is the first letter of the word.9. _ Greens will come to see you tomorrow.10. Tom washes his car _ every Sunday.11. What _ important news!12. There is _ “u” and “s” in _ word “use”.13. Simon is _ best s

11、tudent in his class.14. This is our _ first lesson today.15. Do you know_ child under _ tree?二、用适当的介词填空。1. Tommy sits in front of Tony. Tony sits _ Tommy.2. Its cold today. The temperature (温度) will fall_ zero at night.3. Millie sits _ Sandy and Lucy. Sandy is _ the right of Millie.4. The air condit

12、ioner（空调）is _ the study desk.5. Its raining outside. Youd better stay _ the room.6. We usually put our volleyballs _ our chairs after we have PE lessons.7. There is a bridge _ the river and there are many boats _ the river.8. I live with my family_ a flat _ a busy street.9. Which is not right? Kitty

13、 sits _ to Sandy.10. I will waiting for you _ the school gate.11. A plane is flying _ the clouds.12. You cant see the ball. Its _ the door.13. Are they _ a factory or _ a farm?14. - Where is the light? - Its just _ the table.15. - Where are the lamps? - They are _ the desks.三、单项选择。（ ） 1. Go _ the st

14、reet and then youll see the library at the end of the street.A. under B. along C. above D. across（ ）2. We can see the teachers desk _ the classroom. A. before B. after C. in front of D. in the front of （ ）3. He lives on the 2nd floor, I live on the 6th. So I live 4 floors _ him. A. above B. below C.

15、 over D. on （ ）4. I think its really_ hard work for me to finish the job . A. a B. an C. the D. /（ ）5. Look! The post office is on _ side of the street. A. the other B. the others C. another D. other（ ）6. My cousin Andy can play_ piano very well, but he isnt good at playing _ basketball. A. the; the

16、 B. /; the C. the; / D. /; /（ ）7. -Can you hear the bird singing? -Yes, the bird is singing _ the tree. A. on B. in C. with D. about（ ）8. -Will you get there by_ bus? -No, Ill ride _bike. A. /; a B. a; the C. /; / D. the; a（ ）9. -Youve dropped _“r” in the word “narrow”! -Sorry, I forgot _ letter “r”

17、 is doubled!A. an; a B. a; the C. an; the D. the; the（ ）10. girl in grade seven is my best friend.A. The ;the ;the B. A; /; the C. A; / ;/ D. The ;/; /（ ）11. Look! He is _ the river. A. swim across B. swim through C. swimming across D. swimming through（ ）12. The cinema is two kilometers _.A. away he

18、re B. far away here C. from here D. far away from here（ ）13. China is _ Japan, Korea and Russia. A. close B. far C. close to D. next（ ）14. He runs _the classroom and sits down at once . A. out of B. out C. of D. into（ ）15. The robber went _the window last night.A .across B .into C .through D. overGr

19、ammar表示方位的介词 at“在-处”, 指在某一点，常用于较小的地点。in“在-处”, 相对于at, 常用于较大的地点。 into则表示动作的方向，意为“到-内”， out of -意为“从-出来”。into 与out of 互为反义词on“在-上”, 表示在某一平面上，指与某物相接触；onto 则表示动作的方向，意为“到-上”above“在-上方”，表示在某物的上方，不一定垂直且不接触。below“在-下方”，表示在某物体下方，不一定垂直且不接触，与above 互为反义词。over “在-之上”，表示在某物体垂直正上方，但不接触。under“在-下方”，表示在某物体垂直正下方，但不接触，

20、与over 互为反义词。in front of - “在-之前”，它们是指位置的前后，表示在某物外的前面。in the front of-“在-前部”，指一定范围内的前部。 behind“在-之后”，与 in front of-互为反义词。inside“在-里面”outside“在-外面”，与inside 互为反义词。beside“在-旁边”next to“在-旁边”，相当于beside.between“在-中间”, between 表示在两者之间，among表示“在三者（或以上）之间”in the middle of - “在-的中间”on the right of -“在-右边”，反义词

21、on the left of-“在-左边”一、掌握几组反义词：above-below; behind-in front of ; inside-outside ; over-under ; in front of-behind; in the front of-at the back of 二、区别：1.in front of 与 in the front of 2.above , over , 与on above 只表示在上方或位置高出，与below相对（不垂直，不接触） over “覆盖在上”“超过”与under相对（垂直，不接触） on 表示在某物的上面，表面相互接触。（接触）例：飞机正

22、在云端的上方。A plane is above the clouds. 在河上有座桥。There is a bridge over the river. 在桌子上有一杯水。There is a cup of water on the table. 冠词a、an、the 的用法一、不冠词a、an的用法 不定冠词a和an都用在可数名词单数之前。a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前。an用在以元音音素开头的单词前。二、定冠词the的用法1特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。如：The man in a white car is Toms father. 乘白色小汽车的那个人是汤姆的爸爸。2指上文已经提到的人或事物

23、。如：Lily bought a storybook. The book is very interesting. 莉莉买了一本故事书，这本书很有趣。3指谈话双方都知道的人或物。如：Where are the new books，Jim? 吉姆，新书在哪里？They are on the desk. 在课桌上。4用在世界上独一无二的名词前。如：The sun is bigger than the moon. 太阳比月亮大。5用在与play连用的西洋乐器名词前。如：She often plays the violin after school. 她经常在放学后拉小提琴。 6用在方位名词前。如：i

24、n the east/the west/the south/the north 在东/西/南/北边on the left/right在左/右边7用在序数词和形容词最高级前(副词最高级前the 可省略)。如：Lin Tao is the tallest boy in his class. 林涛是他班里个子最高的男孩。8用在某些形容词前，表示一类人或事物，是复数。如：the old老年人年轻人the young the poor穷人 富人the richthe sick病人 盲人the blind 残疾人the disabled9用在姓氏的复数形式前，表示全家人或夫妇二人，是复数。如：The Bl

25、acks are having dinner. 布莱克一家人正在吃晚饭。10用在江河、海洋、山脉、湖泊、群岛的名称前。如：长城the Great Wall颐和园the Summer Palace西湖the West Lake11用在由普通名词和另外一些词构成的国家名称、机关团体等专有名词前。如：美国 the United States12用在逢十的复数数词前，表示年代。如：在19世纪80年代 in the 1880s13用在某些习惯用语中。如：在天空中in the sky同时at the same time总是，一直all the time 最后；终于in the end在上午/下午/晚上in

26、 the morning/afternoon/evening在周末at the weekend在的中间in the middle三、不用冠词的情况1在专有名词(包括人名、地名、节日、月份、季节)前不用冠词。如：China中国，Canada加拿大。2物质名词和抽象名词前一般不加冠词。如：time时间；water水；fruit水果。3表示一类人或事物的复数名词前不用冠词。如：他们是护士。They are nurses5 人名、称呼语、头衔、职务等名词前，一般不加冠词。如：Mr. Wang王先生；Alice爱丽丝。5三餐、球类、棋类、游戏名称前，不用冠词。如：吃午饭have lunce；踢足球pla

27、y football6在“by交通工具”中，不加冠词。如：骑自行车by bike；乘火车by train7名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词或名词所有格修饰时，不用冠词。如：那是玛丽的书。That is Marys book. 我的尺子在课桌上。My ruler is on the desk.Language points1.感叹句what a/an +形容词+n单+主语+谓语= how 形容词a/an +n单+主语+谓语what +形容词+不可数名词/复数名词+主语+谓语How+形容词+主语+谓语(be/系动词)How+副词+主语+谓语（行为动词）What an interesting b

28、ook that is!How hard they work!What beautiful flowers they are!What fine weather it is!2.在-左边/右边on the left/right of ，在你的左边/右边on your left/right3.on the tree（果实等长）在树上，in the tree(外来物)在树上达标训练 一、用冠词a, an, the填空，不需要的地方打“/”。1. -I can see a kite over there.-Wheres the kite? I cant see it.2. Heisalwaysrea

29、dytohelp the old.3. Some small shops in Britain usually close for an hour at / lunchtime. 4. Which is the biggest, the sun, the earth, or the moon?5. I like playing / football and he likes playing the piano.6. -Whos the man over there?-Oh, hes a friend of my fathers.7. Hejoinedthearmyin / spring.8.

30、There is an “f” in the word “from”, and the “f” is the first letter of the word.9. The Greens will come to see you tomorrow.10. Tom washes his car / every Sunday.11. What / important news!12. There is a “u” and an “s” in the word “use”.13. Simon is the best student in his class.14. This is our / fir

31、st lesson today.15. Do you know the child under the tree?二、用适当的介词填空。1. Tommy sits in front of Tony. Tony sits behind Tommy.2. Its cold today. The temperature (温度) will fall below zero at night.3. Millie sits on the left of Sandy and Lucy. Sandy is on the right of Millie.4. The air conditioner（空调）is

32、above the study desk.5. Its raining outside. Youd better stay in the room.6. We usually put our volleyballs under our chairs after we have PE lessons.7. There is a bridge over the river and there are many boats on the river.8. I live with my family in a flat on a busy street.9. Which is not right? K

33、itty sits next to Sandy.10. I will waiting for you at the school gate.11. A plane is flying above the clouds.12. You cant see the ball. Its behind the door.13. Are they in a factory or on a farm?14. - Where is the light? - Its just above the table.15. - Where are the lamps? - They are on the desks.

34、三、单项选择。（ B） 1. Go _ the street and then youll see the library at the end of the street.A. under B. along C. above D. across（ D）2. We can see the teachers desk _ the classroom. A. before B. after C. in front of D. in the front of （ A ）3. He lives on the 2nd floor, I live on the 6th. So I live 4 floor

35、s _ him. A. above B. below C. over D. on （ D ）4. I think its really_ hard work for me to finish the job . A. a B. an C. the D. /（ A ）5. Look! The post office is on _ side of the street. A. the other B. the others C. another D. other（ C ）6. My cousin Andy can play_ piano very well, but he isnt good a

36、t playing _ basketball. A. the; the B. /; the C. the; / D. /; /（ B ）7. -Can you hear the bird singing? -Yes, the bird is singing _ the tree. A. on B. in C. with D. about（ A ）8. -Will you get there by_ bus? -No, Ill ride _bike. A. /; a B. a; the C. /; / D. the; a（ C）9. -Youve dropped _“r” in the word

37、 “narrow”! -Sorry, I forgot _ letter “r” is doubled!A. an; a B. a; the C. an; the D. the; the（ D ）10. girl in grade seven is my best friend.A. The ;the ;the B. A; /; the C. A; / ;/ D. The ;/; /（ C ）11. Look! He is _ the river. A. swim across B. swim through C. swimming across D. swimming through（ C ）12. The cinema is two kilometers _.A. away here B. far away here C. from here D. far away from here（ C ）13. China is _ Japan, Korea and Russia. A. close B. far C. close to D. next（ D ）14. He runs _the classroom and sits down at once . A. out of B. out