2018届高考英语一轮复习教案:自由填空第五讲 名词性从句
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1、1 第五讲 名词性从句 Part 真题变式体验 12015福建高考I wonder _ Mary has kept her figure after all these years. By working out every day. 答案:how 由句子结构分析“wonder”后为宾语从句,由答语内容知宾语从句中用 how 引导,how 在宾语从句中作方式状语。 22015湖南高考You have to know _ youre going if you are to plan the best way of getting there. 答案:where 由句子结构分析“_ youre g
2、oing”为 know 的宾语从句,而宾语从 句中缺少 go 的地点状语,故用 where 引导。 32015陕西高考Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration for_ Doris Lessing had achieved in literature. 答案:what 由句子结构分析,“for”后为它的宾语从句,而宾语从句中缺少动词 “achieved”的宾语,故用 what。 42015重庆高考We must find out_Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him. 答案 : when
3、 由句子结构分析,“_Karl is coming”为动词短语“find out”的宾语从 句,从句中只能填连接副词,由主句的逻辑意义可知从句中应用 when 作时间状语。 52015四川高考The exhibition tells us _ we should do something to stop air pollution. 答案:why 从句子结构分析可知考查“tell”的宾语从句,且从句中的逻辑意义可知用连 接副词 why 在从句中作原因状语。 62015安徽高考A ship in harbor is safe, but thats not_ ships are built for
4、. 答案 : what 由句子结构分析考查表语从句,且表语从句中缺少介词“for”的宾语,故用 what。 72014大纲全国卷Exactly _ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565. 答案:when 分析句子结构可知,设空处为主语从句的引导词,从 around 1565 判断, 这里指时间,故填 when。 82014北京高考The best moment for the football star was _ he scored the winning goa
5、l. 答案:when 根据设空处前面的“The best moment”可知表语从句中缺少时间状语,故填 when。 92014天津高考I think _ impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses. 答案:what 根据分析可知在主语从句“_impresses me about his painting”中,所 缺的词作主语且表示“物” ,所以填 what。 10 2014 重 庆 高 考 Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University 2 yesterda
6、y? Yeah, but I have no idea _ he did it; thats one of his favorite universities. 答案:why 根据句意填 why。why 引导同位语从句。 Part 语篇真题演练 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 2012广东高考Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day, _16_(wear) sunglasses. He walked in as if
7、 he _17_ (buy) the school! And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City. For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt _18_ (please), because there were many empty seats in the room. But she quickly realized that it wasnt her, it was probably the fact that she sat in _19_ last row.
8、 _20_ he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong. It might have made it a little _21_ (hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around, but that didnt stop the kids in the class. Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary, _22_
9、 made her feel like a star. “Do you need those glasses for medical reasons?” the teacher asked. The new boy shook his head. “Then Id appreciate it if you didnt wear them in class. I like to look at your eyes when Im speaking to you.” The new boy looked at the teacher _23_ a few seconds and all the o
10、ther students wondered _24_ the boy would do. Then he took _25_ off, gave a big smile and said, “Thats cool.” Step 1:通读全文,掌握主旨大意。 本文主要讲述的是 Mary 与新转来的学生在课堂上发生的一些趣事。 Step 2:逐题解答,确定答案。 16wearing。 根据结构可知,此处考查非谓语动词,判断 wear 的逻辑主语。 17had_bought。 as if 后面跟的虚拟语气,表示与过去事实相反的假设。 18pleased。felt 为系动词,其后跟形容词,注意 pl
11、ease 的形容词形式。 19the。考查冠词用法。 20If。根据句式结构可知,此处考查连词,根据语义来判断此处填表示条件的连词 if。 21harder。考查形容词的用法,a little 用来修饰比较级,结合语境可知。 22which。此处考查定语从句,根据句子可知此处考查非限制性定语从句。which 引 导定语从句并在从句中作主语。 23.for。根据空格位置可知此处应填介词,结合语义可知答案。 24what。考查名词性从句用法,根据 wonder 后跟从句可知,该从句为宾语从句,因 此按宾语从句选择连词的方法确定答案。 25them。根据句子结构可判断考查代词用法,结合语义,判断代替
12、的内容确定答案。 Step 3:代入验证。 需考虑语法结构正确且语义符合逻辑,语法结合语义才能确保万无一失。 3 知识 清单 (1)各种名词性从句的 结构特点;(2)常用连 接代词及连接副词的 运用条件;(3)对于 what/that/whatever/wh ether/if 等易混名词性 从句的掌握;(4)it 在 名词性从句中作形式 主语和形式宾语的用 法;(5)that 的省略情 况以及各从句的时态 与语序问题。 学情 分析 考生在学习从句的过 程中存在着以下几点 问题:(1)句子结构分 析不清,对各种从句 类型无法准确判断; (2)引导词在从句中的 使用情况不熟练,也 不能准确运用,例
13、如 what 与 which,what 与 whatever 等;(3)名 词性从句与定语从句 中的引导词混用,比 如关系代词 that 引导 定语从句,在从句中 作主语或宾语,而在 名词性从句中 that 不 作任何成分,只起连 接作用;(4)对从句中 的语序及时态意识淡 漠,而造成一些不必 要的错误。 考点一 名词性从句的不同类型及其结构 分析下列例句,归纳各名词性从句的结构。 1 主语从句 That you are coming to London is the best news I have heard this long time. 长久以来我听到的最好的消息就是你要来伦敦。 Wh
14、at matters most in learning English is enough practice. 学习英语最重要的是足够的训练。 It is none of your business what other people think about you. Believe yourself. 其他人怎么想你不关你的事,要相信你自己。 It is obvious to the students that they should get well prepared for their future. 显而易见,学生应该为他们的未来做好充分准备。 归纳: 主语从句的结构: (1)(例句)
15、_ 答案:连接词主语谓语其他谓语其他。 (2)(例句)_ 答案:It(形式主语)谓语其他连接词主语谓语其他。 4 2 宾语从句 Im afraid (that) I cant accept your invitation. 恐怕我不能接受你的邀请。 I find it necessary that we should spend more time practising spoken English. 我发现花更多时间练习英语口语是必要的。 Tom is a nice boy except that he is sometimes late for school. 汤姆除了有时候迟到外,还是很
16、不错的男孩。 I dont think that you should go abroad in the future. 我认为你将来不应该出国。 归纳: 宾语从句的结构: (1)(例句)_ 答案:表示情感的形容词连接词主语谓语其他。 (2)(例句)_ 答案:及物动词it宾补连接词主语谓语其他。 (3)(例句)_ 答案:及物动词(短语)/介词连接词主语谓语其他。 3 表语从句 My decision was that all of us are to start at 6 oclock tomorrow morning. 我的决定是我们所有人明天早上 6 点出发。 The last time
17、we had great fun was when we were visiting the Water Park. 我们上次玩得很快乐是我们在游览水上公园的时候。 As is known to us, China is no longer what she used to be. 众所周知,中国再也不是从前的中国了。 One reason for her preference for city life is that she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants. 她偏爱城市生活的一个原因是她可以很方便进出像商场
18、和饭店这样的地方。 归纳: 表语从句的结构: _ 答案:系动词连接词主语谓语其他。 4 同位语从句 We should consider the students request that the school library provide more books on popular science. 我们应该考虑学生的要求,即学校图书馆应该提供更多的大众科学方面的书籍。 The problem whether we should continue to do the experiment has been solved. 我们是否应该继续做实验的问题已经解决。 5 I have no id
19、ea when he will come back. 我不知道他将何时回来。 I made a promise to myself that this year, my third year in Senior school, would be different. 我向自己保证:今年我高中的第三年将会是不同的一年。 归纳: (1)同位语从句的结构: _ 答案:名词连接词主语谓语其他。 注意 : 不难发现,同位语从句的结构与定语从句的结构极其相似,但同位语从句是对前 面的名词的内容作进一步的解释说明,而定语从句是对前面的名词进行了修饰、限制。 同位语从句常放在 feeling, news, d
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