2018届高考英语一轮复习教案：选修7 Unit 19 Language

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1、1 Error!选修 7 话题素材 好词 1acquire v. 获得；可得 2content n. 内容 3vocabularly n. 词汇 4gradually adv. 逐渐地 5master v. 掌握 6concentrate v. 集中 7accumulate v. 积累 8look up 查找 9make_progress 取得进步 10keep.in mind 记住 11pick_up 偶然可得 12refer_to 参考；查阅 佳句 1Not only did_he_speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily. 他不仅说得更

2、正确，而且讲得更不费劲了。 2There_is_no_doubt_that keeping an English diary helps you a lot with written English. 毫无疑问，写英语日记非常有助于你书面英语的提高。 精美语篇 As an English contest first prize winner， in addition to trying my best to learn English at school， I really benefit a lot from extracurricular English study.,When it co

3、mes to practicing oral English and English listening， taking part in the English corner should be put in the first place. Not only can it help us learn it from each other， but also its of significance for us to enrich our English knowledge. As to keeping an English diary every day， I think it is a g

4、ood habit Ive had， for it helps me consolidate what Ive learned in class. Plus， what I want to attach importance to English study outside the classroom is that I often turn to the website Enjoy Reading for help， where I read a great number of articles about English and western culture.,All in all， e

5、xtracurricular English study is a must to improve your English. 2 高频单词 1fluency (n.) 流利度，流畅度fluent (adj.) 流畅的 2accuracy (n.) 精确度，准确度accurate (adj.) 精确的，准确的accurately (adv.) 精确地 3absence (n.) 缺乏；缺席absent (adj.) 缺席的，不在场的 4acquisition (n.) (语言)习得acquire (vt.) 习得；获得 5surround (vt.) 环绕，围绕surrounding (adj

6、.) 周围的surroundings (n.) 环境 6adequate (adj.) 足够的，充分的 7ensure (vt.) 确保，保证 8enlarge (vt.) 扩大large (adj.) 大的 9guarantee (vt.) 保证 10adjust (vt.) 调节；调整adjustment (n.) 调节；调整 11inform (vt.) 告知，通知information (n.) 信息 12announcement (n.) 通告；宣告announce (vt.) 宣告；宣布 13congratulate (vt.) 祝贺congratulation (n.) 祝贺 1

7、4resemble (vt.) 像，与相似 15purchase (vt.) 购买buy (同义词) 16merely (adv.) 只；仅仅 17negotiate (vt.) 协商；谈判negotiation (n.) 协商；谈判 18offence (n.) 冒犯；得罪offend (v.) 冒犯 19approval (n.) 赞成；赞许；批准approve (vi. as 2It was predicted _ early as the 1700s _ English would one day be the global language. 答案：as; that 3However

8、, learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in the _ (absent) of a native language environment. 答案：absence 4_ this means is that they make sure there is an adequate amount of input in English conveyed to the students through various mediums. 答案：What 5To really get ahead, _， means putt

9、ing in extra work outside of the classroom. 答案：however 6These recommendations are _ (easy) achieved and well worth the extra effort. 答案：easily 7If you saw a father _ (pat) his son on the back while smiling happily, what would you think was going on? 答案：patting 8Body language is _ (use) every single

10、day by people of different nationalities all over the world. 答案：used 9Someone who does not know the answer _ a question will move their shoulders 4 upwards away from their upper body and then let them fall. 答案：to 10Although every culture around the world uses the same gestures and _ (express), they

11、use them in different ways. 答案：expressions 1 absence n.不存在；缺乏；缺席 However, learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in the absence of a native language environment.(P6) 然而，作为一门外语，在缺少母语环境的情况下学习英语是非常困难的。 (1)absence from. 缺席；离开 absence of mind 心不在焉 during/in ones absenceduring/in_the_abs

12、ence_of sb. 在某人不在的时候 (2)absent adj. 缺席的；茫然的 absentminded adj. 心不在焉的，茫然的 be absent from 缺席；不存在；缺少 5 图解助记 2013江苏高考Its the conscientious worker who helps newcomers or updates people who return after an absence. 认真负责的人会帮助新来者或请假缺席而返回工作中的人。 In_his_absence I looked to see what was on his desk. 趁他不在时，我看了看他桌

13、上有什么东西。 朗文词典His frequent absences_from work didnt go unnoticed. 他的频繁旷工还是引起了别人的注意。 Her absence_of_mind during driving nearly caused an accident. 她驾车时心不在焉，差点造成事故。 牛津词典In_the_absence_of manager I shall be in charge. 经理不在的时候，由我负责。 朗文词典Ten children were absent from class today. 今天有十个孩子没来上课。 2 surround vt

14、.环绕；围绕；包围 .to attain a high level of fluency and accuracy in a foreign language, you need to be surrounded by it.(P6) 要想达到高水平的外语流利程度和准确性，你得置身于该语言的环境中。 (1)surround.with. 用把包围起来 be surrounded by/with 被包围 (2)surrounding adj. 周围的；附近的 surroundings n. 环境；周围的事物(常用复数) 2013北京高考Some stars stay calm by surroun

15、ding themselves with trusted friends and family or by escaping to remote places away from big cities. 一些明星由可信任的朋友和家人陪着，或者跑到远离大城市的地方保持平静。 6 The atmosphere surrounds the Earth. 大气层环绕着地球。 译林2To some, happiness is being_surrounded_by family and friends. 对有些人来说，幸福就是一直有家人和朋友陪伴在身边。 朗文词典It took me a few wee

16、ks to get used to my new _surroundings. 我花了几个星期的时间才熟悉了新环境。 3 ensure vt.确保，保证 Quality input ensures quality output, whether it is speaking or writing.(P6) 不管是说还是写，高质量的输入确保高质量的输出。 ensure that. 确保 ensure ones safety/success 保证某人的安全/成功 ensure sb. sth. 保证某人得到某物 ensure sb. against/from sth. 确保某人防止某事 2013山

17、东高考Sensors (传感器) then ensure_that the umbrella offers pedestrians shelter whenever it starts raining. 然后传感器确保每当下雨的时候伞提供行人躲避的地方。 牛津词典These pills should ensure you a good nights sleep. 服下这些药丸可保你睡一宿好觉。 新英汉词典We should ensure ourselves against all possible risks. 我们要保护自己，以防备任何危险。 4 guarantee vt.保证；担保 n.保

18、证；保证书 Knowing the main stories before reading will guarantee greater comprehension when reading in English.(P6) 读前能了解主要新闻内容，会确保用英语阅读时更透彻地理解所读新闻。 (1)guarantee sth. against. 保障某物免受 guarantee to_do_sth. 保证做某事 guarantee sb._sth. 向某人担保某事 guaranteethat 从句 保证 be guaranteed to do sth. 必定做某事 (2)guarantee n.

19、保证书；担保；抵押品 under guarantee 在保修期内 give_sb. a guarantee that 从句 向某人保证 2015江苏高考Freedom needs to be guaranteed by responsibility. 自由需要有责任心做保证。 2013 湖 北 高 考 Being a graduate of the Internet “school” of medicine does not guarantee accurate selfhealthchecks. 一个网校毕业的医学生并不能保证精确的自我检查。 7 牛津词典We guarantee_to_de

20、liver within a week. 我们保证一周内送到。 朗文词典Its impossible to guarantee_everyone_a_job. 不可能保证每个人都有工作。 8 2013广东高考改编Consistant, hard work will_guarantee_that you will become good at whatever it is. 坚持不懈和勤奋努力会确保你无论做什么都会做好。 朗文词典There is no_guarantee that the books will be delivered this week. 不能保证这些书本周会送到。 Its

21、still under_guarantee,_so the manufacturer will repair it. 保证书还有效，所以厂家会给修理的。 5 adjust vt.调节；调整 vi.适应 Watching a favourite DVD, but adjusting the language to English in parts you know well.(P6) 观看你最喜爱的一张光盘，但要把你熟悉部分的语言调换成英语。 (1)adjust to_(doing)_sth. 适应 adjust (sth./oneself) to_(doing)_sth. 使(某物/某人自己)

22、适应(做)某事 adjust sth. to sth. 调整以适应 (2)adjustment n. 调整，调节，适应 make an adjustment (to sth.) (对)作出调整 2015江苏高考Some schools will have to make_adjustments in agreement with the national soccer reform. 一些学校将不得不做出调整以适应国家足球改革。 2014重庆高考He fixed the faucet, adjusted the dishwasher door, and replaced a showerhea

23、d. 他修理好了水龙头，调整了洗碗机的门，还换了一个淋浴头。 朗文词典It took a few seconds for her eyes to adjust_to the darkness. 过了几秒钟她的眼睛才适应了黑暗。 He found it hard to adjust_to_working at night. 他发现很难适应晚上工作。 易混辨析 adapt 适应；改编 adjust 调整，调节 都可表示“适应”的意思，与介词 to 连用，常构成短语“adjust/adapt (oneself) to”但 adapt 强调“适应” ， adjust 强调“调整” 一言辨异 His j

24、ob is to adapt the famous writers play for television, which is hard to adjust/adapt to at first, but he has adjusted to the new way of life now. 他的工作是把这个著名作家的剧本改编成电视剧，起初这很难适应，但是现在他已适应了新 生活。 用 adapt/adjust 的适当形式填空 9 aHe soon _ to army life. b朗文词典_ your seat and mirror before driving away. 答案：a.adjus

25、ted/adapted bAdjust 6 inform vt.告知；通知 Inform a friend of your targets so they can help motivate you as well.(P6) 把你的目标告诉你的一位朋友，这样他们也会帮忙鼓励你。 (1)inform sb. of/about sth. 通知某人某事 inform on/against 告发，检举 inform sb. that. 告知某人 (2)informed adj. 了解情况的；消息灵通的 keep sb. informed of sth. 使某人知道某事 (3)information n

26、. 信息，消息，通知 a piece of information 一条信息 2014北京高考The main purpose of the passage is to inform and explain. 文章的主要目的是为了告知并解释。 译林Bees fly in circles to inform_their_partners_about/of food or danger. 蜜蜂跳圆形舞告诉同伴蜜源的位置，或提示它们有危险。 牛津词典One of the criminals informed_against/on the rest of the gang. 有一罪犯告发了同党。 We

27、 would like to inform_all_passengers_that the restaurant car is now open. 我们想通知所有乘客餐车现在开始营业。 牛津词典Keep_me_informed_of/about what happens. 有事随时通知我。 7 congratulate vt.祝贺；庆贺；恭喜 You would probably think that the father was congratulating his son on doing something well.(P10) 你可能认为父亲因他儿子做事优秀而在向他表示祝贺。 (1)c

28、ongratulate sb. on sth. 为某事向某人祝贺 congratulate oneself on 认为自己幸运/成功；(为某事物而)自鸣得意 (2)congratulation n. 庆祝，祝贺 congratulations (to sb.) on/upon (doing) sth. 为某事(向某人)祝贺 congratulator n. 祝贺者 2013上海高考My uncle sent me a card yesterday to congratulate my 18th birthday. 我舅舅昨天寄给我一张卡片，祝贺我 18 岁生日。 The two sportsm

29、en congratulated_each_other_on_winning the match by shaking hands. 10 两位运动员为赢得比赛握手致贺。 牛津词典You can congratulate_yourself_on having done a good job. 你的工作做得很出色，你应该感到自豪。 Please give my congratulations when you see her. 见到她时，请转达我的祝贺。 朗文词典Congratulations_on your engagement! 恭喜你们订婚！ 易混辨析 congratulate 指对个人获

30、得成功的祝贺，只以言语表达，后面加 sb.，与介词 on/upon 搭配 celebrate 指以行动(如送花、开 party 等)来庆祝生日、节日等，后面常跟节日名词 一言辨异 I congratulated the sponsors who had organized this wonderful gathering and they were singing and dancing to celebrate this joyful occasion. 我祝贺主办者组织了这次精彩的聚会，他们唱歌跳舞来庆祝这一喜悦时刻。 图解助记 完成句子 A grand evening party was

31、 held to _ Mo Yan on his receiving the 2012 Nobel Prize for Literature. Like _ his birthday, many of his colleagues, friends and relatives came to express their _ on achievements he had made. 昨晚举行了盛大晚会来祝贺莫言获得 2012 年诺贝尔文学奖。像庆贺他的生日一样，他 的许多同事、亲朋好友都来祝贺他取得的巨大成就。 答案：congratulate; celebrating; congratulati

32、ons 8 embarrass vt.使窘迫，使尴尬；使为难 I was so embarrassed.(P14) 我是如此窘迫。 (1)embarrassed adj. (感到)尴尬的 be embarrassed (at)_about 对感到为难/尴尬 (2)embarrassing adj. 令人窘迫的；令人尴尬的 (3)embarrassment n. 窘迫；尴尬 (4)to_ones embarrassment 令某人尴尬的是 11 朗文词典I didnt want to embarrass her in front of Paul. 我不想当着保罗的面让她难堪。 2013湖北高考“

33、Im so embarrassed，”she said, shaking her head. 她说，“我很尴尬” ，摇了摇头。 To_her_embarrassment,_she couldnt remember his name. 让她尴尬的是，她想不起他的名字。 过关演练 在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式 1牛津词典Love was totally absent _ his childhood. 答案：from be absent from “缺席；不存在” 。 2 2015 福 建 高 考 Surround yourself _ people who uplif

34、t, encourage and understand you! 答案：with surround.with “用把包围起来” 。 3牛津词典Please _ (sure) that all lights are switched off at night. 答案：ensure 句意：请确保晚上把所有的灯都关掉。 4Finding the right spot to camp is the first step to _ (guarantee) a good nights sleep. 答案：guaranteeing to 为介词，故后加 doing。 52015浙江高考Becky, 12 a

35、t the time, adjusted _ others being in the house when she returned from school. 答案：to adjust to (doing) sth. “适应(做)” 。 6朗文词典Please inform us _ any progress. 答案：of/about inform sb. of/about sth. “通知某人某事” 。 7I want to express my congratulations _ your success. 答案：on congratulations on/upon sth. “为某事祝贺

36、” 。 8牛津词典I was _ (embarrass) by his comments about my clothes. 答案：embarrassed embarrassed adj.作表语，表示(感到)尴尬的。 1 get ahead 取得进步；获得成功；领先 In todays world, being able to speak more than one language, including English, is how you stand out and get ahead.(P6) 在当今世界，能够说不止一种语言，包括英语，就意味着你是多么出色和多么成功。 ahead of

37、 在之前；胜过，超过 get ahead of 超过；胜过 go ahead 前进，干吧，说吧 go ahead with 开始 look ahead 向前看 朗文词典You need to work hard if you want to get_ahead. 12 如果你要领先，就得努力。 人教3George said as he ran ahead_of me. 乔治边说边跑到我的前面去了。 2013江苏高考If you agree to our proposal, well go_ahead. 如果你同意我们的建议，我们就进行了。 英汉多功能词典Try to look_ahead to

38、 next year. 设法考虑一下明年的情况。 2 catch on 理解；学会；变得受到欢迎/流行 Im sure youll catch on really quickly. (P131 听力材料) 我相信你会很快。 catch hold of 抓住 catch up with 赶上 catch sb. doing sth. 撞见某人做某事 catch sight/glimpse of 看见；一眼瞥见 catch ones attention 吸引某人的注意 朗文词典It may take time for some of the children to catch_on. 其中一些孩子

39、可能需要时间来理解。 朗文词典The idea never caught_on in this country. 这种观念在该国从未流行过。 I ran faster and faster till I caught_up_with all the other runners. 我越跑越快，直到追上其他所有选手。 牛津词典I caught a boy stealing apples from the garden. 我撞见一个男孩偷园里的苹果。 牛津词典She caught_sight_of a car in the distance. 她一眼瞥见远处的汽车。 牛津词典A newspaper

40、headline caught_his_attention. 报纸的大标题引起了他的注意。 3 on purpose 故意地；有意地 People often use body language on purpose. (P10) 人们常常故意使用身势语。 (1)for the purpose of 为了 with the purpose of 怀着的目的 to the purpose 中肯的；切题的 (2)by accident/chance 偶然，无意 2014福建高考Cinderella left her shoe on the stairs on_purpose. 灰姑娘故意把自己的鞋

41、落在楼梯上。 13 For_the_purpose_of helping protect Grand Canyon, please follow the guidelines below. 为了有助于保护大峡谷，请注意遵守以下规则。 朗文词典He came here with_the_purpose_of carrying out the attack. 他来这里的目的是展开进攻。 4 on the other hand 另一方面 On the other hand, you can also easily show what you dont like by shaking your hea

42、d.(P10) 另一方面，你也能通过摇头容易地表达你不喜欢什么。 (1)on the one hand.on the other hand 一方面，另一方面 (2)for one thing.for another 一方面，另一方面(引出并列的理由) 2014 江 西 高 考 Starting your own business could be a way to achieving financial independence. On_the_other_hand,_it could just put you in debt. 开创自己的事业是你实现自己经济独立的一种方式， 另一方面， 它也

43、会使你陷入债务中。 2013湖北高考Perri, on_the_other_hand,_grew up privileged in the New Jersey suburbs of the 1960s and 1970s. 另一方面，佩里幸运地成长在二十世纪六十年代和七十年代的新泽西州郊区。 特别提示 on(the) one hand. on the other(hand)常表达相矛盾的两方面；for one thing.，for another.， 陈述的两方面情况常一致。 I dont want to buy it, for_one_thing I dont like the color

44、, and for_another the price is too high. 我不想买这个，一方面我不喜欢这个颜色，二是价格太高。 过关演练 选词填空 catch up with； catch on； go ahead； on purpose； for the purpose of； on the other hand 1朗文词典_ and help yourself to some punch. 答案：Go ahead 2The lady repeated the question several times but I still couldnt _. 答案：catch on 3In

45、order to _ the advanced countries, we must keep learning. 答案：catch up with 4Firefighters believe the fire was started _. 答案：on purpose 5朗文词典_ the report, low income was defined as $30,000 a year for a family of four. 答案：For the purpose of 62015广东高考The accents placed at the bottom in this study, _， w

46、ere 14 regional (地区的) city accents. 答案：on the other hand 1 It was predicted as early as the 1700s that English would one day be the global language and that has proved to be the case in the last few decades.P6 早在 18 世纪人们就预测，有一天英语将成为全球性语言，并且在过去的几十年中它已 得到了证明。 It was predicted.that. 此句型中 it 为形式主语，真正的主语

47、是 that.引导的主语从句。该结构常译为： “据” (1)it 用作形式主语的主语从句有： Its said.that. 人们说/据说 Its believed.that. 人们认为 Its hoped.that. 人们希望 Its thought.that. 人们认为 Its reported.that. 据报道 (2)上面句式还可转化为：主语bev.ed不定式。其中不定式为主语的补语，该不 定式根据所指的时间可出现一般式、进行式或完成式。如： It is said that he has written a new book about workers. He is said to have written a new book about workers. A new book about workers is said to have been written by him. 据说他写了一本有关工人的新书。 Its_predicted_that inflation would continue to fall. 据预测，通货膨胀率将继续下降。 Its_said_that he is an artist. He is_said_to_be an artist. 据说他是个艺术家。 牛津词典Its_thought_that the Prime