2020年高考英语《动词及动词短语》练习卷及答案解析

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1、动词及动词短语动词及动词短语 1The Change 4 lunar probes landing on the moons far side on Jan.3, 2019 _ a new chapter in mankinds exploration of the moon. Apredicts Bmarks Capproves Dshapes 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：嫦娥四号月球探测器于 2019 年 1 月 3 日登陆月球背面，标志着人类探 索月球的新篇章。mark“是的迹象，成为的征兆，表明”，符合语境。predict“预测”；approve“批准， 认可”；shape

2、“塑造，决定的形成”。 2 Chinas scifi feature film The Wandering Earth _ 349 million dollars at the box office during its first week of release. Atook in Bturned over Cadded up Dcame at 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：中国科幻电影流浪地球在上映的第一周就获得了 3.49 亿美元 的票房收入。 take in“收进， 赚进”符合语境。 turn over“翻身， 发动， 营业额为”； add up“(把)加起来”； com

3、e at“涌向，涌至”。 3Once you are in the habit of _ life, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. Arushing through Bgoing through Csettling into Dgetting into 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一旦你养成了匆匆忙忙生活的习惯，从早到晚都在奔波，你就很 难放慢脚步。根据句中的“being on the go from morning till night”可知，rush through“仓促处

4、理”，符合语境。 go through“经历”；settle into“适应”；get into“参与，开始”。 4Last December China _ 100 Chinese and 10 foreigners for their outstanding contributions to the countrys reform and openingup. Adistinguished Bsponsored Cacknowledged Devaluated 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：去年 12 月，中国对 100 名中国人和 10 名外国人为中国改革开放做出 的杰出贡献表

5、示感谢。acknowledge“感谢”，符合语境。distinguish“区分，辨别”；sponsor“赞助”；evaluate“评 估，评价”。 5We found a buyer for our house, but then the sale _ Why not promote it by posting an advertisement online? Afell through Bgot through Ccleared up Dlooked up 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。我们为我们的房子找到了一个买主，但后来买卖失败了。为什 么不在网上登个广告来宣传呢？fall th

6、rough“落空， 成为泡影”， 符合语境。 get through“到达， 顺利通过考试”； clear up“转晴，清理”；look up“仰视，改善”。 6Being an experienced lecturer, Mr. Black _ his speech to suit a younger audience. Asimplified Baddressed Cexchanged Ddelivered 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：作为一个经验丰富的演讲者，Black 先生简化他的演讲来适应更年轻的 听众。simplify“简化”，符合语境。address“演讲，写(收信人

7、)姓名地址”；exchange“交换”；deliver“传送，发 表”。 7They _ with joy when they heard that their class won first place in the relay race. Apicked up Bsplit up Ctook up Dsprang up 【答案】D 【解析】 考查动词短语辨析。 句意： 当听到他们班在接力赛中获得第一名时， 他们高兴地跳了起来。 spring up“跳起来”，符合语境。pick up“拾起”；split up“分手”；take up“开始从事，占据”。 8I prefer a table t

8、hat can be_when not used so that it may save a lot of space. Acleared up Bfolded up Cfixed up Dtaken up 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：我喜欢不用的时候能够被折叠的桌子，这样它能节省许多空间。clear up 清理，放晴，整理；fold up 折叠；fix up 安装；take up 占用。根据 so that 的从句内容判断。故选 B。 9 The plans got_in the approval process， so everyone had to stop and wait

9、 until the application forms came back from the ministry. Astruck Boccupied Cstuck Ddelivered 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：计划在审批过程中停滞不前，因此每个人不得不停下来等待，直到申 请表从部长那里返回来。strick 打，敲击，打动；occupy 占有，占用；stick 困住；deliver 传送；get stuck in 被困住。故选 C。 10As time goes by, its inevitable that many new changes will be _ in Chin

10、as stock market. Abrought about Bput forward Cset out Dleft off 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，中国的股票市场不可避免地将会发生许多新的 变化。bring about“引起，促成，导致”，符合语境。put forward“提出，推荐”；set out“陈述，出发，动身， 开始做”；leave off“不包括，遗漏”。 11We are not supposed to escape from difficulties in that they can _ our best qualities. Amake

11、 out Bwork out Ccarry out Dbring out 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们不应该逃避困难，因为困难能让我们最好的品质显现出来。 根据句意，表示“使显现”要用 bring out。而 make out“理解，辨认出”；work out“算出，实现，制定出”；carry out“执行，完成”，均不符合句意。 12He hadnt been asked to the party and was feeling very _ Aturned down Bbroken down Cstressed out Dleft out 【答案】D 【解析】 考查动词

12、短语辨析。 句意： 他没有被邀请参加晚会， 他强烈地感到(自己)被忽略了。 turn down“拒 绝，调低”；break down“发生故障，分解”；stress out“使焦虑不安”；leave out“省去，忽略”。四个选项都为 过去分词形式，表示状态；根据语境可知，因为他没有被邀请，所以他感到被忽略了。故选 D。 13The only way to live happily with others is to_their faults and admire their virtues. Aoverlook Bjustify Cclarify Dacknowledge 【答案】A 【解析

13、】考查动词辨析。句意：和其他人一起幸福生活的唯一方法就是忽略别人的缺点并赞美他们的 优点。overlook 忽略；justify 证明；clarify 分类；acknowledge 承认。根据题意选 A。 14How did Professor Lis lecture impress you? I just heard his voice but couldnt_ what he was saying. Apick out Bmake out Cthink out Dsqueeze out 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：你对李教授的演讲印象如何？我只是听到他的声音，但 不清楚他说

14、的是什么。pick out 挑选出，认出；make out 看清，听清；think out 想出；squeeze out 榨出，榨 取。根据题意选 B。 15You have to find very experienced people to do all this work so as to _ quality. Adistinguish Badjust Caccumulate Dguarantee 【答案】D 【解析】 考查动词辨析。 句意： 你必须找非常有经验的人来做所有的这些工作以保证质量。 guarantee“保 证，确保”符合语境。distinguish“区别”；adjust“调

15、整”；accumulate“积累”。 16 It is important that climate- friendly technologies should be _ to developing countries to help them build a green economy. Atransformed Bcommunicated Ccommitted Dtransferred 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：应该向发展中国家转让气候友好型技术以帮助其发展绿色经济，这是 很重要的。 根据句意， 表示“转移， 转让”要用动词 transfer。 而 transform“改变，

16、 使变形”； communicate“传 达，交流”；commit“犯(罪)，做(错事)”，均不符合句意。 17Since his father got ill in hospital last year, Tom has _ the running of the family firm from his old father. Ataken over Btaken off Ctaken up Dtaken on 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：自汤姆的父亲去年生病住院以来，汤姆就从年迈的父亲手里接管 了这个家族企业。take over“接管”，符合语境。take off“脱下，起

17、飞”；take up“占据，从事”；take on“呈现， 承担(责任)”。 18As a teacher, I often use this celebritys experience to _ the message to my students that they should have their own dream for the future. Adeclare Bconvey Csummarize Dattach 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：作为教师，我经常利用这位名人的经历来向我的学生们传达这样一个 信息： 他们应该有他们自己对未来的梦想。 declare“宣布”；

18、 convey“传递， 表达”； summarize“总结”； attach“贴， 附上”。 19Making your potential employer honest and _ to you can give you insights into how happy youll be as one of their colleagues. Acall out Bmake up Copen up Dget through 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：让你的潜在老板讲诚信且对你开诚布公会让你知道成为他们的同 事之一是多么幸福的事情。根据题干中的“honest”可知，open

19、up“直抒胸臆，畅所欲言”符合语境。call out 意为“大声叫喊，呼唤”；make up to sb.意为“奉承，讨好”；get through to sb.意为“使某人理解(所说的话)”。 20If you want to know the flight schedule, please _ at the booking office. Ainquire Bacquire Crequire Drequest 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：如果你想了解航班时刻表，请在售票处咨询。inquire“询问，打听”； acquire“获得，得到”；require“需要”；request“

20、请求，要求”。 21It was the man_ on the bed with his eyes open who _the book open on the desk just now. Alain；lay Blying；laid Clay；lay Dlying；lied 【答案】B 【解析】句意：刚才将书打开放在桌上的人就是那位躺在床上睁着眼睛的男人。根据句子结构可知， 这是一个强调句，即 it was.who.结构。强调作主语的 the man，其后的“lying on the bed with his eyes open” 在句中作定语，修饰 the man，lying 是 lie

21、 的现在分词形式，表示“躺，平躺”。后面的谓语动词 laid 的原形 是 lay，表示“搁，放置”。 22Unless all his demands were _，he would refuse to sign the agreement，he insisted. Amet Bpermitted Callowed Dreplied 【答案】A 【解析】 考查动词辨析。 句意： 他坚持说， 除非他的要求得到了满足， 否则他拒绝签合同。 meet(satisfy) ones demands(wishes/conditions/needs)“满足某人的需求(愿望/条件/需要)”。其他三项不符合句意

22、。 23Now in China many young people _ important positions in the government. Aseize Bcatch Cgrasp Dhold 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：现在在中国，很多年轻人在政府部门担任重要职务。hold 有“担任，任 职”的意思。如：How long has he held office? 他任职有多久了？ 24He really wanted a bigger pay raise but decided to _ what they offered. Astand for Ballow for

23、Canswer for Dsettle for 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他(原来)真的想要更大幅度的加薪，但决定勉强接受他们所提供给 他的(工资)。stand for“代表，支持”；allow for“考虑到”；answer for“对负责”；settle for“勉强接受”。根 据句意选 D。 25Learning another language is like stepping out of a door, through which I can _ and see more clearly my own language. Atake back Blook back

24、 Cturn back Dget back 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：学习另一种语言就像走出一扇门，通过它我可以回顾并更清楚地 理解自己的语言。take back 意思是“拿回，撤销”；look back 意思是“回顾，回头看”；turn back 意思是“往回 走，阻挡”；get back 意思是“回来，恢复”。根据句意可知答案为 B 项。 26He didnt _ what I read because his mind was on something else. Ahold on Bcatch on Ctake in Dget over 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词短

25、语辨析。take in(understand)“理解”；hold on“(打电话时)不要挂断”；catch on“明 白(作不及物动词用)”；get over“克服”。根据语境应选 C 项。 27I think Jack will _ a good monitor，so Id like to vote for him. Aturn Bchange Cmake Delect 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词辨析。此处 make 表示“成为”。假如选择 A 项，应该去掉句中的不定冠词 a。 28Mary and John were once good friends, but then they ha

26、d a quarrel and _ Abroke up Bbroke off Cbroke down Dbroke away 【答案】A 【解析】 考查动词短语。 句意： 玛丽和约翰原来是好朋友， 但后来吵了一架便绝交了。 根据题干中的“had a quarrel”可知，break up“绝交，解散”符合语境。break off“中止，折断”；break down“分解，出故障，镇压”； break away“逃脱，脱离”。 29Thousands of soldiers are working to _ food and blankets to the earthquake victims.

27、 Aintroduce Bdistribute Csubmit Dpresent 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：成千上万的士兵正在给地震灾民分发食物和毛毯。distribute“分配，分 发”符合语境。introduce“介绍，使初次了解”；submit“提交”；present“颁发，授予”。 30. How much did the guy _ you to fix your 4G mobile phone? I dont remember，but it was quite a lot. Acost Bspend Ccharge Dtake 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词辨析。cha

28、rge 在此作动词用，是“索价”的意思。charge sb.some money to do sth.“为做 某事向某人索价”。 31Upon entering the room, I found the place comforted me even before my eyes _ the dark. Aset aside Bturned down Cadjusted to Ddrove away 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一进入房间，甚至在我的眼睛适应黑暗之前，这地方便让我觉得 很舒适了。adjust to“适应”符合语境。set aside“省出，留出”；turn d

29、own“拒绝”；drive away“驱赶”。 32If you do fall out of the boat，your life jacket will help you to _until we can find you out. Astay up Bcome up Cmake up Dstand up 【答案】A 【解析】句意：如果你从船上掉下去的话，你的救生衣会帮你不下沉，直到我们找到你。stay up“不倒， 不沉”；come up“走过来”；make up“编造，组成”；stand up“起立”。 33Everyone should learn something about f

30、irst aid，for every second will _ in an emergency. Aplay Bcount Chappen Dshow 【答案】B 【解析】句意：每个人都应该学点急救知识，因为在紧急情况下每一秒都很重要。play“玩”；count“起 关键作用”；happen“发生”；show“展示”。 34As we are companions in difficult situations, I will not _， unconcerned about your troubles. Alook on Bwait on Chang on Dcatch on 【答案】A

31、【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：既然我们是患难之交，对你的困难我就不会袖手旁观。look on“袖 手旁观”；wait on“伺候，招待”；hang on“坚持”；catch on“理解，流行起来”。 35Faced with a problem，you have to _ it first，and then try to find a solution. Aresemble Bsubstitute Cconcentrate Danalyze 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：面对问题，你必须先分析，然后尽力找出解决办法。resemble“看起来 像”；substitute“代替”；co

32、ncentrate“集中(注意力)”；analyze“分析”。由句意知选 D 项。 36Evidence obtained from observation and experiment is often used to _ a scientific theory. Aconfirm Bclaim Cconclude Dcalculate 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词辨析。confirm“证实”；claim“声称，断言”；conclude“得出结论”；calculate“计算，估 计”。句意：由观察和实验得出的证据通常被用来证实科学理论。 37The little boy was so car

33、eless with his spelling that he often _ letters from words. Aleft out Bleft behind Cleft off Dleft alone 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。leave out“遗漏”；leave behind“留下，遗留”；leave off “停止，中断”；leave alone“不打扰；不干涉”。依据前面提及的 careless 可知，这里应该是将单词的字母遗漏了。故选 A 项。 38In New Zealand, the Maori people _ a strong cultural tradi

34、tion. We should learn from them in the effort to preserve our culture. Aadvocate Bmaintain Cestablish Ddigest 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：在新西兰，毛利人保持着深厚的文化传统。我们应该向他们 学习，努力保护我们的文化。根据答语中的“preserve our culture”可知 maintain“保持，保养，坚持”符合语境。 39The government has agreed to pay the firms extra sums to _ for their fina

35、ncial losses. Amake up Bbring up Cfill up Dlook up 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：政府已同意付给这些公司额外的款项来弥补他们的经济损失。make up“弥补”；bring up“抚养”；fill up“(使)充满”；look up“查找”。 40If you hear the fire alarm at ten oclock this morning, dont _ it, for the engineers are merely testing it. Atake possession of Btake advantage of

36、 Ctake notice of Dtake charge of 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果你们今天上午 10 点钟听到防火警报器(响的声音)，请不要在 意，因为工程师们只是在测试它。take notice of 意为“注意，理会”，符合语境。take possession of 意为“占有， 拥有”；take advantage of 意为“利用”；take charge of 意为“负责”。 41Having lost something in the cloakroom，I went inside to get it，and found Roy _ the pock

37、ets of peoples coats. Agoing around Bgoing after Cgoing against Dgoing through 【答案】D 【解析】句意为：我进衣帽间去拿落下的东西时发现罗伊正在翻别人大衣的口袋。此处为 find sb.doing sth.发现某人正在做某事。go through sth.仔细检查，搜查，符合语境。 42The recently released film Kong：Skull Island successfully _ the audience to the adventure with Dolby 3- D technology

38、. Atransports Badjusts Ctransforms Drelates 【答案】A 【解析】句意为：最近上映的电影金刚：骷髅岛借助杜比 3D 技术成功地把观众带到了一个新奇刺 激的世界。transport 使产生身临其境的感觉。 43I called her nearly ten minutes this morning，but I couldnt _. Aget through Bgo through Clive through Dlook through 【答案】A 【解析】句意为：今天早上我给她打了将近十分钟的电话，但是没打通。get through 接通/打通(电话)。

39、 44When I met her at the entrance to the hall，she _ to me that she had seen me. Aoccurred Bmentioned Creferred Dreminded 【答案】B 【解析】 句意为： 当我在大厅入口处遇见她时， 她向我提到她见过我。 mention 提到， 说起。 mention sth.to sb.向某人提起某事。此处 sth.为 that 引导的宾语从句，为避免头重脚轻将 to sb.移到了前面。 45The report shows that the increase in oil prices h

40、as_ many changes in our lives. Agot through Bresulted from Cturned into Dbrought about 【答案】D 【解析】 get through 穿过， 完成； result from 由引起； turn into 成为； bring about 带来。 根据语境“给 我们的生活带来了很多变化”，故选 D。 46No matter how carefully you plan your finances，no one can _ when the unexpected will happen. Aprove Bimply

41、 Cdemand Dpredict 【答案】D 【解析】prove 证明；imply 暗示；demand 需要；predict 预测。句意为：不论你对你的资金计划得有多 仔细，没有人能预测不期之事何时来临。故选 D。 47Internet shopping is really _ when people are sure of its safety and security. Ataking off Btaking up Csetting off Dsetting up 【答案】A 【解析】take off 大受欢迎，迅速流行；take up 占用，继续从事；set off 出发，启程；set

42、 up 建立，安装。 句子所表达的意思是“网购大受欢迎”，故选 A。 48If you_ any mistakes in the article，just mark them with a pencil. Amake Brepeat Cspot Dignore 【答案】C 【解析】make 制作；repeat 重复；spot 看到，发现；ignore 忽视。根据语境“发现任何错误”，可知选 C。 49The reason why he _ his post was that there was a more attractive and challenging job for him. Are

43、mained Bremoved Cresigned Dreplaced 【答案】C 【解析】 句意为： 他辞职的原因是他有了一个更吸引人、 更具有挑战性的工作。 remain 保持； remove 去 除；resign 辞职；replace 代替，故选 C。 50 It seems hard for me to _， because the other team members are all much younger and there is a big gap between them and me. Aget away Bsettle down Cfit in Dmake up 【答案】C 【解析】根据下句“因为其他队员都年轻多了，我和他们之间有很大的差距”可知上句意为“我似乎很难 适应”，fit in 适应。get away 离开，逃掉；settle down 定居，安顿下来；make up 组成，化妆，弥补，编 造。故选 C。