专题1.3 Grammar --七年级英语人教版(下册)培优讲义含答案
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1、 一、情态动词的基本用法一、情态动词的基本用法 情态动词是表示说话人的语气、情态等的一类词。如:can(能,会)、may(可以),以后我们还将学到 must(必须)、should(应该)、would(应该、想要)等。情态动词在运用时有以下三方面的特征: 1. 情态动词无主语人称及单复数的变化。 They can play the piano. She can speak a little English. You may watch TV after supper. 2. 情态动词在句中运用时,后接动词原形。 The girl can sing English songs. I can pla
2、y Chinese chess. 3. 含情态动词的肯定句变为一般疑问句时,将情态动词提至句首,后加?;变否定句时,在情态动 词后加上not即可。 This boy can dance well. Can this boy dance well? (一般疑问句) Yes, he can. / No, he cant. This boy cant dance well. (否定句) 二、情态动词二、情态动词 can 的用法小结的用法小结 can 是情态动词,意为能;会,表示某人或某物具备的能力,还可用来提出请求,没有人称和数的 变化,后面直接接动词原形。下面来看一下它的具体用法。 1. 表示有能
3、力做某事,意为能;会。 I can speak English.我会讲英语。 He can play basketball.他会打篮球。来 【典例】I hear you have a home robot. Yes, its amazing. It _ do all my housework. A. must B. should C. could D. can 【答案】D 【解析】我听说你有一个家用机器人。是的,它真令人惊奇。它能做我的所有家务活。Must 2. 表示许可,意为可以。 You can sit here.你可以坐在这儿。 【典例】Can you please have a wal
4、k with me? Sorry, I _. I have something important to do now. A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. may not 【答案】C 【解析】Could/Can you.?是一个表示请求对方许可的句型,意为你可以吗?,肯定回答 用Sure./Yes, I can.,否定回答通常用Sorry, I cant.。学#科%网 3. 情态动词 can 表示推测,意为可能,常用语否定句、疑问句中。 It cant be a cat. It has a short tail. 它不可能是猫,它有一个短尾巴。 【典例】Is tha
5、t girl under the tree Mary? No, it _ be Mary. She is in Beijing now. A. cant B. neednt C. wouldnt D. shouldnt 【答案】A 【解析】本题用语境判断法。由答语第二句她现在在北京可知,树下的那个女孩不可能是玛丽。 表示否定的推测,应用 cant。 下面一起来看一下 can 的句型变换: (1)变为否定句 变为否定句时在情态动词 can 后加 not,缩写为 cant。 She cant play the piano. 她不会弹钢琴。 (2)变为一般疑问句 变为一般疑问句时直接将情态动词 ca
6、n 提到句首。肯定回答为:Yes, 主语can.否定回答为:No, 主语 cant. Can you speak Japanese? 你会讲日语吗?Yes, I can./No, I cant.是的,我会。/不,我不会。 【注意】用 Certainly.作肯定回答,语气更肯定;用 Sorry.作否定回答,语气则更委婉、客气。 Can you sing? 你会唱歌吗?Certainly, I can.我当然会。 Sorry, I cant.很抱歉,我不会。 (3)变为特殊疑问句 变为特殊疑问句时,其句型通常为疑问词can主语动词原形? What can you do? 你会做什么? 含情态动词
7、can 的句子的句式变换 否定句/一般疑问句及回答方式 否定句 主语cannot动词原形其他. 一般疑问句 Can主语动词原形其他? 肯定回答 Yes,主语can. 否定回答 No,主语cant. 含情态动词 can 的特殊疑问句结构:特殊疑问词can主语动词原形其他? What can you read? 你能读什么? 提问名词(词组)、代词 特殊疑问词一般疑问句画线部分(要提问的部分)? 提问动词 (词组) 特殊疑问词一般疑问句画线部分(要提问的部分)do?(即用 do 替代画 线部分) 【典例】1.Mom, can I play tennis? _ right now. Id like
8、you to help me with the housework. A. No, you can B. Yes, you cant C. Yes, you can D. No, you cant 【答案】D 【解析】根据答语后一句可知现在不能去打网球,故回答为否定的,排除 B、C,又因为 A 选项前后矛盾, 故选 D。学科网 2. She can draw a picture. (对画线部分进行提问) _can she _? 【答案】What; draw 3. She can draw a picture. (对画线部分进行提问) _ can she_? 【答案】What; do 【注意】情
9、态动词 can 没有数和人称的变化,其后总跟动词原形 She can do it well.她能做好它。 情态动词 can,可以表示能力,意为会,能。 I can swim and skate.我会游泳和滑冰。 【典例】I hear you have a home robot. Yes, its amazing. It _ do all my housework. A. must B. should C. could D. can 【答案】D I. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. I cant_ (play) chess with you.I have too much homewor
10、k to do. 2. Can your parents _ (speak) English? Yes, they can. 3. What can your sister _ (do)? 4. Can you_ (swim) in the swimming pool with us on weekends? 5. Jim _ (can not) dance. II. 根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词。 6. 你妹妹会游泳吗? _your sister _? 7. 凯特会做什么? What _Kate _? 8. 艾丽斯不会下象棋。 Alice _ _ chess. 9. 我会弹吉他。来源:学#
11、科#网 Z#X#X#K I _ _ _ _. 10. 你会讲汉语吗?不会。 _ you _ Chinese? No, I _. III. 按要求完成下列句子,每空一词。 11. I can speak Chinese well.(改为一般疑问句) _you _Chinese well? 12. Tom can ride a horse.(改为否定句) Tom _ _ a horse. 13. My father can speak English well.(改为一般疑问句) _ _ father_ English well? 14. She can draw. (对画线部分提问) _ _ s
12、he _? 15. Can Lin Fang and Li Mei play chess? (作肯定回答) _, _ _. 16. Can Kates sister play the violin? (作否定回答) _, _ _. IV. 单项选择。 17. (2016 重庆中考 B 卷)He _ speak English very well although he has studied it for only one year. A. mustnt B. cant C. must D. can 18. (2015 广东省佛山市中考)Jenny finally got the job be
13、cause she _ speak English well. A. might B. must C. could 19.(2015 广东省茂名市中考)Mr Li is giving the lesson. _ it be Mr. Li speaking? But he has already gone to England. A. Shall B. Must C. Can 20.(2016 福建福州中考)Look at the young lady in red. Is it Mrs. King? No, It _ be her. She is wearing a white dress t
14、oday. A. can B. may C. must D. cant 21. Tom _ come to see us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet. A. may B. can C. has to D. must 22. They _ do well in the exam. A. can be able to B. be able to C. can able to D. are able to 23. May I take this book out? No, you _. A. cant B. may not C. neednt D. aren
15、t 24. You _ go and see a doctor at once because youre got a fever. A. can B. must C. dare D. would 25. Can you speak Japanese? No, I _. A. mustnt B. cant C. neednt D. may not 26. He _ be in the classroom, I think. No, he _ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago. A. can; may not B. must;
16、 may not C. may; cant D. may; mustnt 27. Can I swim in the river, Grandpa? _. It is dangerous. A. Yes, you can B. No, you cant C. Yes, you need D. No, you neednt 28. Susan is good at English and she can _ some English songs. A. sing B. singing C. to sing D. to singing 29.(2016 临沂中考)Students _ enjoy
17、the colorful school life if they study at home instead of going to school. A. mustnt B. cant C. must D. can 30.(2015 北京中考)Jack, _ you ride a bike? Yes, I can. A. can B. may C. need D. must V. 阅读理解。 A Musicians wanted We want four good musicians for our rock band. Are you a musician? Can you sing? Ca
18、n you play the piano, the guitar or the drums? Do you want to be the best musician? If you want to join us, please send(发送) an e-mail. Our e-mail address is rockband2009pep. . Or you can call Mr. Liu at 7904566. Teachers needed Are you an art teacher? Can you paint(绘画) or draw well? Are you good wit
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