2018年秋牛津译林版八年级英语上册 Unit8 Grammar 学案

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1、1八年级上册 Unit8 Grammar 学案主备：童华清 审核： 日期：2018-8-2学校：_ 班级：_ 姓名：_ 家长签字：_【板块要 点】一、教学目标1. 学会正确使用过去进行时2. 学会使用 when, while 和 as教学重点、难点正确使用过去进行时以及 when, while 和 as二、词汇、短语 1 break. v /broken adj/break-broke-broken2 Terrible 可怕的、糟糕的 adj/ terribly adv3 hit 击中 过去式 hit hitting4 fall over 跌倒5 make a snowball/snowman

2、 堆雪球/雪人3、句型（语法）1. 过去进行时的用法： 过去某个时间正在发生的动作。e.g. He was cooking at six last night. 昨天晚上六点，他正在做饭。 过去某段时间正在发生的动作。 e.g. I was staying here from March to May last year. 去年从三月到五月，我一直呆在这里。2. 常与过去进行时连用的时间状语，有：at nine last night, at that time =then/at this time yesterday, when the teacher came in, while he wa

3、s reading 等。3. 过去进行时的构成：was/were + v-ing4. 过去进行时的四个基本句型。 肯定句： He was cooking at six last night. 否定句： He was not cooki ng at six last night. 一般疑问句： Was he cooking a t six last night? 回答： Yes, he was. No, he wasnt. 特殊疑问句： What was he doing at six last night?2- 1 -八年级上册 Unit8 Grammar 学案主备：童华清 审核： 日期：20

4、18-8-2学校：_ 班级：_ 姓名：_ 家长签字：_【课前导学】预习书 P97 页完成下列问题：1. 什么是过去进行时？_2.过去进行时的否定形式_3.过去进行时的一般疑问句及其肯定与否定回答_【课堂学习】Step1 Duty report Step2 Look at some pictures to present past continuous tense. Ask students to work out the rulesTask 1 ：I was doing my homework at 9 p.m. last Sunday.I was reading at this time y

5、esterday.过去表示过去时的肯定结构是由_构成。Task 2 ：We were not shopping at this time yesterday.过去表示过去时的否定结构是由_构成。Task 3：Were they sleeping at 9 p.m. last Sunday?Yes, they were.No, they werent.过去表示过去时的一般疑问句_肯定回答：_ 否定回答：_ 过去表示过去时的主要用法:A. 表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作I was doing my homework at 9p.m. last Sunday.B. 表示过去某一阶段内正在进行的动作W

6、hat were you doing during the holiday?C. 表示过去某一动作发生时，另一动作也在同时进行My mother was cooking while I was doing my homework.D. 过去不断重复的动作 When he worked here, John was always making mistakes. 通常不能用于过去进行时的动词（见课本 P123） 过去进行时常与表示过去的具体时间连用，如：at that time，at this time yesterday，at that moment, yesterday afternoon,

7、 the whole morning.Step3 Grammar2 when, while, as 都有“当的时候” 。1. while 指一段时间，它所引导的从句中的谓语动词必须是延续的，不可以是瞬间性的动词，如：判断正误While he reached there，They were playing basketball. ( )While I was waiting for a bus, I met my cousin. ( )注意：（1）当强调两个延续性的动作同时发生时，常用“过去进行时+while+过去进行时”e.g. 当他在打电话的时候，我在写信。I _ _ a letter _

8、he _ _ a phone call.- 2 -(While he _ _ a phone call, I _ _ a letter.)（2）当强调某个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行，用“一般过去时+while+过去进行时”e.g. 我们正在读书的时候，老师走了进来。The teacher _ in _ we _ _.我妈妈在睡觉的时候，电话铃响了。While my mother _ _, the telephone _.while 的使用特点也可以记忆为：while 后面不接一般过去时(即短暂性动词) 。2. when 和 as 使用范围比 while 广泛，它们引导的从句中的谓语动词既可

9、以是延续性的，也可以是短暂性的。换言之，能使用 while 的句子也可以使用 when 或 as 替代，如“一般过去时+while/when/as+过去进行时”、 “过去进行时+while/when/as+过去进行时” 都可以。注意：when 和 as 的特殊之处：when 引导的从句中的谓语动词可以在主句的动词之前、之后发生。When he finished his homework, he played the computer games for a while.(when 相当于 after，finish 先发生)When I got to the park, the gate was

10、 closed.(when 相当于 before， get to 后发生)When 引导的从句含有突然发生的意思：我在街上散步，他突然喊我。I _ _ in the street when he called me.as 可理解为“随着”随着日子变短，温度开始下降。_ the days are shorter, the _ starts to drop.随着时间推移，中国日渐富强。_ time goes by, China is getting richer and stronger.Step4 Exercises【课后巩固】一、词汇A) 根据句意用所给中文或音标的正确形式完成句子1. Whe

11、n the noise and the shaking ended, he found he was still _ (/lav/).2. Why werent you _ (紧张) at all when the car broken down?3. At that time, people were running in all _ ( /drekn/).4. When little Timmy saw the snake, he ran away and shouted in _ (害怕).5._ (既然) the weather is so nice, we can go campin

12、g.B) 用所给词的适当形式填空1. It was very clear that he was very angry because he looked at me _ (angry).2. I couldnt fall _ (sleep) last night because of the exciting news.3. People walked in all _ (direct) after getting off the bus.4. It is clear that most of the _ (tour) bags are full of souvenirs (纪念品).5.

13、Hes too fat. He is worried about his (weigh).C) 用所给动词的适当形式填空1. We should do something to prevent people _ (throw) litter into rivers.2. Little Tom often feels sleepy while _ (see) films.3. What a bad accident! How did it happen? I couldnt see the road clearly because it _ (rain) hard.4. My sister sp

14、ends as much time as she can _ (practice) drawing. 5. Would you please _(not prevent) me from becoming a member of the Birdwatching Club?- 3 -6. While he _ (knock) at the door, my aunt _ (cook).7. The students _ (sing) and _ (dance) happily on the playground at that time.8. _ they _ (feed) the anima

15、ls at 5:00 yesterday afternoon?9. Mrs. Green _ (not wash) clothes at this time yesterday.10. Grandpa _ (mend) his clock when I _ (reach) home.11. As I _ (walk) in the park, I _ (see) some children playing games.12. Jane _ (wait) for me when I _ (arrive).13. _ he _ (lie) on the ground at nine yesterd

16、ay evening ?14. What _ Jim _ (write) when the teacher _ (come) in ?15. My brother _ (fall) off and _ (hurt) himself while he _(ride) his bicycle.二、单项选择( ) 1. Im really _ before the competition. Take it easy. Sure you are the best.A. cool B. serious C. nervous D. patient( ) 2, The earthquake _when I

17、_ some cleaning,A. starts；was doing B. started; was doingC. was starting; was doing D. starts; were doing( ) 3. Linda, I called you this morning, but nobody answered the phone. Im sorry. I _ football with my friends then.A. play B. played C. am playing D. was playing( ) 4. Mr Su was driving in the s

18、nowstorm _ his car crashed into a tree.A. when B. as C. while D. as soon as( ) 5. My brother hurt his legs when he rode his bike on the way back home. _.A. Thats too bad B. He is very carelessC. Be careful next time D. Tm sorry to hear that( ) 6. What should I do when the earthquake happens, Dad? Fi

19、rst of all，its important to _ and hide yourself in the corners of the room.A. calm down B. put down C. get down D. fall down( ) 7. It may be dangerous _ a car _ a snowy day.A. to drive; in B. to drive; on C. drive; in D. drive; on( ) 8. We all got _ when we heard the _ news.A. excited; excited B. ex

20、citing; excitedC. excited; exciting D. exciting; exciting( ) 9. Millie was reading a magazine _, Eddie was playing computer gamesA. when B. as C. while D. before( ) 10. The terrible earthquake hurt _ people and _ them got badly hurt.A. thousands of; two hundreds of B. two hundred; two hundredsC. tho

21、usand of; two hundred of D. thousands of; two hundred of四、任务型阅读Have you ever asked your relatives (亲戚) or friends if there is Wi-Fi in their houses? Have you ever searched for Wi-Fi when you are at restaurants or hotels? The answers will may be “Yes”.In fact, things now are like this：Most of us want

22、 Wi-Fi everywhere as if we cant live without it. But we can only use free Wi-Fi in some places. And most of the time, we still have to spend some money getting into the Internet.Here is a piece of good news. A rich organization (组织) in the USA called MDIF has decided to change the age of online comp

23、uting (计算) completely (完全地 by giving free Wi-Fi to each person on Earth.- 4 -This is because they have found out that only 60% people around the world are able to get information on the Internet. And this is also because many countries are not able to offer people something necessary to get into the

24、 web. Luckily, we may use free Wi-Fi at any place in the near future.Present situations(现在的情况) Many of us want Wi-Fi everywhere as if we cant live without it. Getting into the Internet 1 us some money.What the organizationwill do MDIF has planned to change the age of online computing (计算) completely

25、 by giving free Wi-Fi to everyone in the 2 .3 Only 60% people around the world can get information on the Internet. Many countries cant 4 people with something necessary to get into the web.What we may do Use Free Wi-Fi 5 in the near future.1._ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._五、首字母填空(A) There was a big earthquake un

26、der the India Ocean Area o December 26th 2004 and it c a large tsunami (海啸). Tsunamis are great sea waves produced especially by an earthquake.That morning my classmates and I went to the seaside and had breakfast when we h a loud noise like bombs. People in the sea ran w to the bank and s , Water i

27、s coming! Someone told us to run to a higher place. We ran as q as we could.Since we did not know what happened, we were very f . We looked back and saw a t picture. The water waves were so strong that cars were made to fall upside down and the flood w away everything on the seaside.We were safe but

28、 the n of victims was over 140,000. People call the day Black Sunday.(B) Bad weather sometimes causes natural disasters and a . My online friend Jim told me that there was a terrible storm with t and lightning, and his uncles house caught fire because lightning hit it. His uncle phoned 119 using his

29、 mobile phone. The f arrived in five minutes and put out the fire soon. But the fire burnt his uncle and aunt and all the things in the house were burnt. And then the heavy rain l nearly a week in his hometown and it c a terrible flood. The flood w away their village and killed twenty-two people. My

30、 online friend and many other people had nowhere to live.Thanks to the government and the s , and many other people. Now they live in the new houses and study in the new schools because of motherlands care.We should understand the importance of protecting the environment from n disasters. We also sh

31、ould stop people from c down the trees. We should a more people to plant more trees. They are important because they help prevent floods.- 5 -任务型阅读1.costs 2.world 3.Reasons 4. Provide 5. everywhere首字母填空1.on 2. caused 3.heard 4. wildly 5.screamed/shouted 6.quickly 7. frightened 8. terrible 9. washed 10. number