山东省潍坊市2020年中考英语试题（含答案解析）

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1、 1 20202020 年潍坊市初中学业水平考试英语试题年潍坊市初中学业水平考试英语试题 一、阅读理解（共一、阅读理解（共 15 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 分，满分分，满分 30 分）分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 （ ）1. The two girls are mainly talking about _. A. the boy B. the language C. their friends D. their hometowns （ ）2. The three characters are making a conversation in _

2、 according to the picture. A. a school yard B. a supermarket C. a library D. a cinema （ ）3. When they say A girl is tasty in Britain, it means she is _. A. kind B. smart C. pretty D. happy 【分析】本文是几个人在谈论某一种方言代表了的意思 【解答】 （1）B细节理解题根据 Thats cool! What other things do you and your friends say 及 Well， if

3、I say Hes tasty， do you know what it means，可知，两个人在谈论语言中某个词代表的意思故选 B （2）A 推理判断题根据图片中显示 Park School， 可知，这个对话场景是发生在跟学校有关的地方 结 合所给选项，只有 A 选项符合故选 A （3）C细节理解题根据 Well， if I say Hes tasty， do you know what it means 及 It means hes good looking，可知，tasty表示一个人很漂亮故选 C 2 【点评】首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，

4、结合排 除法逐一选出答案最后再通读全文，核对答案 B A neighbor called 911 at 11:09 a. m. after seeing smoke coming from a house in the 165 block of 54th Street Southeast. The man who lives in the home was able to get his older child and the family dog out of the house on fire. Just then Monroe police officers arrived. The f

5、ather said his younger child was still on the upper level of the house but he didnt know where. Officers did a quick search of the house but couldnt find the girl. One of them closed the door to the master bedroom, where the fire started, controlling it and slowing its spread. Firefighters arrived a

6、nd after searching the closet and narrow beds in another bedroom, one firefighter noticed the closed toy box at the foot of the bed. She wasnt making sounds, later the firefighter said of the girl, whose exact age he didnt know. I opened it up and saw her. She was lying in the toy box just balled up

7、. Firefighters got the girl outside, where she was examined by doctors and found to be fine. The fire was quickly put out. The police officer who managed to shut the master bedroom door was highly praised. And the girls father was so thankful to firefighters. （ ）4. How did the police officers know a

8、 child was still missing? A. The neighbor called. B. The father told them. C. The family dog jumped wildly. D. The child was making much noise. （ ）5. Why did the officer try to shut the master bedroom door? A. To protect the toy box. B. To slow the fires spreading. C. To clear the way for firefighte

9、rs. D. To keep fire from entering the master bedroom. （ ）6. Where was the girl found finally? A. In a closet B. Inside a toy box. C. Behind a door. D. Under a narrow bed. （ ）7. What can be the best title for the text? 3 A. Calling 911 B. A house on fire C. Saving a girl out of fire D. A thankful fat

10、her 【分析】文章主要讲了消防员救小女孩的事情 【解答】 （4）B 细节理解题根据段落 2The father said his younger child was still on the upper level of the house but he didnt know where可知是孩子的爸爸告诉他们的，故答案为：B （5） B 细节理解题 根据段落 3 One of them closed the door to the master bedroom， where the fire started， controlling it and slowing its spread ，可

11、知是为了控制住火势，减缓了火势的蔓延，故答案为：B （6） B 细节理解题 根据段落 4 I opened it up and saw her She was lying in the toy box just balled up 可知孩子躺在玩具箱里，故答案为：B （7）C 标题归纳题根据段落 5 Firefighters got the girl outside， where she was examined by doctors and found to be fine，结合文章内容，可知文章主要讲了消防员救小女孩的事情，故答案为：C 【点评】首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文

12、语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排 除法逐一选出答案最后再通读全文，核对答案 C Shameem was born in a small village in Pakistan. In her village, it was a tradition to keep girls inside their homes. They were not allowed to get an education. Fortunately, Shameems uncle, a university teacher, wanted to give her a chance to see the world.

13、 He offered Shameem a chance to attend school. So she became the only girl student in her class. However, Shameem struggled to complete her schooling. To get permission for college, she went on three-day- hunger strike（抗议）. After graduating from college, Shameem got a position in non-profit organiza

14、tion （非营利性组织）working to help women in rural（农村的）areas. There, she saw a Pakistan that she didnt know. Until then, she thought she had a difficult life. But there, she saw what women in other parts of Pakistan were experiencing. Some women had 11 children, but nothing to feed them. They would walk th

15、ree hours every day to get water. Shameem found that the position was more than just a job for her. She discovered her power. By setting an example, her experience could encourage more people to understand the importance of education and send their daughters to school. Now, Shameem teaches in a rura

16、l school in her hometown. The first day I walked into the school, she said, I saw all these little Shameems staring at me with dreams in their eyes, the same dream of freedom which I had in my childhood. 4 Today, there is not a single girl in her village who doesnt go to school. （ ）8. Who played an

17、important role in sending Shameem to school? A. Her uncle. B. Her parents. C. A workmate. D. A university student. （ ）9. Why did Shameem work for a non-profit organization? A. To make much money. B. To finish her education. C. To discover her power as an example. D. To help poor women in the country

18、side. （ ）10. Whats the main idea of Paragraph 4? A. Shameem walked three hours to get water. B. Shameem used to know her homeland well. C. Women and children were short of food. D. Womens situation was more awful than expected. （ ）11. Whats the influence of Shameems effort? A. Girls have the same dr

19、eam. B. No girl is allowed to attend school. C. All girls in the school are named Shameem. D. The idea of girls education in her village has changed. 【分析】本文讲述了 Shameem 通过自己的经历和努力来告诉女人教育的重要性，并鼓励他们把孩子送去 上学，她在家乡里教学时，看到了每个孩子眼神里渴望自由的梦想，现在在她的家乡，没有一个女孩是 没去上学的 【解答】 （8）A细节理解题根据 Shameems uncle， a university t

20、eacher， wanted to give her a chance to see the world，可知，在 Shameen 上学这件事上，她的叔叔起到了重要的作用故选 A （9）D细节理解题根据 Shameem got a position in nonprofit organization（非营利性组织）working to help women in rural（农村的）areas，可知，她在一个非营利组织工作是为了帮助农村的女人故选 D （10） D 主旨大意题 根据 Until then， she thought she had a difficult life 及 Some

21、women had 11 children， but nothing to feed them They would walk three hours every day to get water，可知，她看到了某些女人有 11 个孩子， 但是没有东西喂养他们， 他们每天要走三个小时去取水， 女人当时的情况比她想像的更严重， 故选 D （11）D推理判断题根据 Today， there is not a single girl in her village who doesnt go to school，可 知，在 Shameem 的女里下，她家乡里的女孩教育情况都改变了，她们可以上学了故选

22、D 5 【点评】完形填空题主要考查学生对词语的运用能力及对语境的理解能力，这类题同一小题的四个选项 一般是同一词性做题时要先通读短文，了解各题所在的语境，然后在理解各选项意思的基础上结合具 体的上下文来选择最佳答案填空 D How can we protect the Earth? One problem to solve is climate（气候）change. You might wonder about climate change. What is it, exactly? Gases surround the Earth. 12 Sunlight passes down throu

23、gh the gases. The gases trap（储存）the suns heat and act like blanket. Without these gases, the Earth would be very cold. The trouble comes when humans add too many gases to the atmosphere. The gases build d up and trap even more heat. This causes changes in climate. The Earth becomes too warm. 13 Ther

24、es another gas causing climate change. No one talks about it as much. It is nitrous oxide （氧化亚 氮）. Many call it laughing gas. Dentists may give patients nitrous oxide so they will not feel pain. The atmosphere has small amounts of nitrous oxide. But nitrous oxide can stay in the atmosphere more than

25、 100 years which can change the climate a lot. Nitrous oxide forms naturally. 14 Bacteria are living organisms （生物） made of single cells. Farmers use nitrogen fertilizer （氮肥） to help grow bigger crops. The bacteria in the soil take the nitrogen from the fertilizer and make more nitrous oxide with it

26、. So how can we help? Number one is to not waste food, Wagner Riddle, a scientist from Canada, said. 15 That number comes from a U. S. university study. There is a lot that goes into making food, Wagner Riddle says. So then if its wasted, its for nothing. 根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填人文中空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。 A.

27、 Thats the reason for climate change. B. It comes from bacteria（细菌）that live in the dirt. C. Carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）is one gas that traps heat. D. More than one-third of all food created in the U. S. is wasted. E. These gases reach high into the sky and are called the atmosphere（大气层）. 【分析】短文讲了我们如何保护地球，

28、详细地介绍了如何解决气候变化问题 【解答】细节推理题 （12）E根据前后句 Gases surround the EarthSunlight passes down through the gases可知说的是地 球周围的气体，结合选项，应说这些气体升到高空，被称为大气层故选 E 6 （13）C根据后句Theres another gas causing climate change No one talks about it as much It is nitrous oxide （氧化亚氮） 可知说的是不同的气体， 结合选项， 应说二氧化碳是一种吸收热量的气体 故选 C （14） B 根据

29、后句Bacteria are living organisms （生物） made of single cells Farmers use nitrogen fertilizer （氮肥）to help grow bigger crops可知说的是一氧化二氮的形成，结合选项，应说它来自生活在泥土 中的细菌故选 B （15） D 根据后句That number comes from a U S university study There is a lot that goes into making food， Wagner Riddle says So then if its wasted，

30、its for nothing可知说的是浪费食物，结合选项， 应说美国生产的食物中有超过三分之一被浪费了故选 D 【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案推理判 断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案 二、语言知识运用二、语言知识运用（共（共 20 小题小题；满分满分 25 分）分） A 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 （共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） A group called New Story is working with a company

31、called Icon to quickly build lots of houses for poor people in Tabasco, Mexico. The way they are building the houses is 16 -by 3D-printing technology. New Story is a group 17 works to bring cheap but good houses to people who cant 18 them. The group has built over 2,700 houses in places 19 Bolivia,

32、EI Salvador, Haiti and Mexico. In the past, New Story built 20 houses in a normal way. But it 21 a long time. Thats 22 New Story began to work with Icon. Icon has developed a way to build houses 23 by3D-printing them with concrete（混凝土）. Some areas where New Story wants to build houses suffer from ea

33、rthquakes, 24 Icons houses have been designed to hold up in earthquake conditions. 7 The houses in Tabasco have two bedrooms, a living room, a kitchen, and a bathroom. Because the houses are created with a computer design, its easy to 25 the design to suit the needs of different families. They are e

34、xpected to live in later this year. （ ）16. A. common B. expensive C. unusual D. strong （ ）17. A. these B. those C. this D. that （ ）18. A. clean B. repair C. afford D. borrow （ ）19. A. by B. with C. like D. between （ ）20. A. its B. his C. her D. my （ ）21. A. had B. took C. cost D. spent （ ）22. A. why

35、 B. how C. what D. when （ ）23. A. possibly B. quickly C. carefully D. suddenly （ ）24. A. for B.so C. or D.as （ ）25. A. share B. print C. change D. produce 【分析】本文讲述了 New Story 与一个叫 Icon 的公司通过 3D 打印机技术建造了许多适合穷人的房子， 这些房子不但便宜，还很特别 【解答】 （16）C考查形容词辨析common 普通的；expensive 昂贵的；unusual 特别的；strong 强壮 的根据 by 3D

36、printing technology可知，通过 3D 打印技术的房子肯定是比较特别的，故选 C （17）D考查代词辨析these 这些；those 那些；this 这个；that 那个 根据句子结构，此处是一个定 语从句，先行词是 group，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词 that，故选 D （18）C考查动词辨析clean 清洁；repair 维修；afford 负担得起；borrow 借入 根据 bring cheap but good houses ，可知，是买不起房子的人们提供便宜但是很好的房子故选 C （19）C考查介词辨析by 通过某种方式或手段；with 伴随；like 像；

37、between 在之间根据句意， 空格后举例说明在哪些地方建了这样的房子，所以空格处填 like故选 C （20）A考查代词辨析its 它的；his 他的；her 她的；my 我的根据 A group called New Story ，可 知，New Story 是一个组织，所以空格处填 its，表示它的故选 A （21）B 考查动词辨析had 有；took 花费， 主语是物；cost 花费， 主语是物；spent 花费， 主语是人 根 据句意，此空表示它花费了很长时间，固定搭配：it+take+时间+to do sth花费时间做某事，故选 B （22） A 考查宾语从句引导词辨析 why

38、为什么； how 怎样； what 什么； when 何时 根据 Icon has developed a way to build houses quickly by3D，可知，此处解释 New Story 与 Icon 一起合作的原因故选 A （23）B考查副词辨析possibly 可能地；quickly 快速地；carefully 仔细地；suddenly 突然根据 In the past， New Story built its houses in a normal way But it took a long time，可知，New Story 在过去也用了 8 正常的方式建自己的房

39、子，但是花费了太长时间，所以他们与 Icon 一起合作，因为 Icon 可以通过 3D 打 印机迅速地建造房子故选 B （24）B考查连词辨析for 因为；so 所以；or 或者；as 由于根据句意，New Story 想建立一些遭 受地震地区的房子，所以 Icon 的房子被设计用来阻挡地震的这些情况，前后文表因果关系，故选 B （25） C 考查动词辨析 share 分享； print 打印； change 改变； produce 生产 根据 suit the needs of different families，可知，是可以改变设计来满足不同家庭的需求，故选 C 【点评】完形填空题主要考

40、查学生对词语的运用能力及对语境的理解能力，这类题同一小题的四个选项 一般是同一词性做题时要先通读短文，了解各题所在的语境，然后在理解各选项意思的基础上结合具 体的上下文来选择最佳答案填空 B 阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词。 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） On Saturday morning, every boy in town is happy, except Tom Sawyer. He has to paint the fence because he 26 （punish）for the mistakes he made ye

41、sterday. The fence is at least nine 27 （foot）high and runs nearly half the block long. After only a few strokes, he sits down and begins to think of all the fun he has planned for the day. He knows that the painting 28 （take） up all afternoon. Even 29 （bad） , other boys will come by soon and see him

42、 30 （do）his chores. Just then, Ben Rogers comes along the road with an apple in his hand. Tom has an idea. He picks up his brush and goes back to work. Got to work, hey? says Ben. Work? What work are you talking about? Its not every day a boy gets to paint a whole fence by 31 （he）. Then Tom goes on

43、32 （paint）. Ben. watches Tom in 33 （silent）. He becomes more and more 34 （interest）. After a while, he says, Say, Tom, let me try. No, Im sorry. Aunt Polly says there isnt one boy in a thousand thats fit to paint the fence. Come on, Tom. Let me just try, please.Ill give you my apple! Tom considers m

44、oment longer. Then very slowly he hands the brush over to Ben. Sitting under a shady tree, 9 Tom eats the apple and watches Ben paint the fence in the hot sun. He thinks he 35 （discover）something wonderful since then: To make a boy want something, all you have to do is make that something hard to ge

45、t! 【分析】文章主要讲了 Tom 因为受到惩罚去给篱笆涂漆时看到 Ben Rogers 拿着一个苹果经过时候，想了 个主意，最后让 Ben Rogers 在烈日下涂漆的故事Tom 最后发现，要让一个男孩想要得到什么，你所需 要做的就是让那个事情很难得到 【解答】 （26）is punished考查动词，根据句意，他必须给篱笆涂漆因为他为昨天犯的错误被受到了惩 罚结合空缺处，可知需要用动词 punish，结合主语 he 与动词关系，可知需要用被动语态，结合时态是 一般现在时态，主语是 he，所以用 is punished，故答案为 is punished （27）feet考查名词，根据句意，这

46、个篱笆至少有 9 英尺高且几乎占了半个街区结合空缺处，前面有 数词 nine，可知需要用名词复数，用 feet，故答案为 feet （28）takes考查动词，根据句意，他知道这个涂漆过程要占用整个下午结合空缺处，可知需要用动 词 take， 结合时态是一般现在时态， 主语是 the painting， 所以用动词的三单形式， 用 takes 故答案为 takes （29）worse考查副词，根据句意，他知道这个涂漆过程要占用整个下午甚至_，其他男孩将会很快 来看他做杂事 结合空缺处，可知需要用副词的比较级， 表示更加糟糕地，用 worse故答案为 worse （30）doing考查动名词，根

47、据句意，他知道这个涂漆过程要占用整个下午甚至更糟糕的是，其他男 孩将会很快来看他做杂事结合空缺处，可知需要用固定搭配 see sb doing sth 表示看到某人正在做某事 ，用动词 ing 形式，所以填入 doing故答案为 doing （31）himself考查反身代词，根据句意，并不是每天都有一个男孩会_给整个篱笆涂漆结合空缺处， 可知需要填入一个反身代词，表示他自己，用 himself故答案为 himself （32） painting 考查动名词， 根据句意， 然后 Tom 继续涂漆 结合空缺处， 可知需要用固定搭配 go on doing sth，表示继续做某事，所动词用 ing 形式，用 painting，故答案为 painting （33） silence 考查名词， 根据句意， Ben 默默地看着 Tom 结合空缺处， 可知需要用固定搭配 in silence， 表示处于沉默中，填入一个名词，用 silence故答案为 silence （34）interested考查形容词，根据句意，他变得越来越感兴趣结合空缺处，可知需要用形容词，修 饰人，形容词以 ed 结尾，用 interested，表示感兴趣的，故答案为 interested （35）has discovered考查动词，根据句意，他认为他自从那时候发现了一些很棒的东西：要