2020年秋牛津译林版八年级上英语全册各单元重点短语、句型、语法整理

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1、 1 全册各单元重点短语、句型、语法整理全册各单元重点短语、句型、语法整理 八上八上 Unit 1 Friends 重点短语、句型、语法整理重点短语、句型、语法整理 一、重点短语、句型一、重点短语、句型: 1.饥饿 be hungry 一些喝的东西 something to drink 一些吃的东西 something to eat 2.再要一些食物 some more food 数词+more = another +数词 ten more minutes= another ten minutes 还要十分钟 3.关心 care about 使我开心 make me happy 分享某人的快乐

2、 share ones joy 4.保密 keep a secret= keep secrets keep a diary = keep diaries 记日记 5.一个诚实的男孩 an honest boy a dishonest boy 一个不诚实的男孩 have problems (复数)(in) doing sth. = have trouble(不可数)(in) doing sth. = have difficulty(不可 数)(in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 believe what he says = believe his words 相信他所说的话 6.撒谎 t

3、ell lies/tell a lie （tell stories/tell a story 讲故事 tell jokes/tell a joke 讲笑话） lie v.动词， 躺/卧 lie -lay-lain n.名词，谎话/谎言 tell lies 说谎 7.我最好的朋友之一 one of my best friends one of +形容词最高级+可数名词复数形式 表示：最.之一 8.乐意做某事 be willing to do sth = be ready to do sth 9.与某人分享某物 share sth with sb 10.把座位给需要的人 give ones sea

4、t to someone in need 11.have a good voice 嗓音甜美 voice 嗓音 sound 自然界一切的声音 noise 噪音 12.长大 grow up 13.戴着小而圆的眼镜 wear small round glasses 14.使他看起来神气 make him look smart make sb/sth +adj. 使某人某物看起来.（怎么样）adj.(形容词)作宾语补足语 15.具有很好的幽默感 have a good sense of humour = be (very) humorous 16.讲有趣的笑话 tell funny jokes 使我

5、大笑 make me laugh 使某人做某事 make sb do sth. 17.(人)感到无聊 feel bored (事物) boring meeting 乏味的会议 18.走过我们的学桌 walk past our desks 把某物撞到地板上 knock sth. onto the floor 19.说任何人的坏话 say a bad word about someone a true friend 一位真诚的朋友 某事困扰某人 something worries sb (复合不定代词做主语，谓语动词用三单） something important 重要的事情(修饰复合不定代词的形

6、容词只能放在后面) 复合不定代词(简称：复不定)考点口诀： “复不定是三单，修饰成分放后边。 ” 20.对某人友善 be kind / friendly to sb 想将来成为一名歌手 want to be a singer in the future 2 21. 戴上他的眼镜看起来神气 look smart in his glasses 穿上她的红色短裙看起来好看 look good in her red skirt 22.擅长讲笑话 be good at telling jokes choose sb as your best friend 选择某人做你最好的朋友 23.最高的男孩 the

7、 tallest boy 24.最贵的电脑 the most expensive computer 第二长的河流 the second longest river 25. an artist 一名艺术家 和某人交朋友 make friends with sb. 26.认真听人们讲话 listen to people carefully 副词五大作用：修饰动词、形容词、其它副词、介词短语、整个句子。 27.周游全世界 travel around the world 28.想成为一名社会工作者 want to be a social worker 29.左边的那个男孩 the boy on the

8、 left 介词短语相当于形容词， 做后置定语修饰前面的名词。 30.彼得隔壁的那个女孩 the girl next to Peter 既又bothand=not onlybut also. 31.她的明亮的带着笑意的眼 her bright smiling eyes wear/have a smile on ones face 面带微笑 32.成为一名杰出的老师 make an excellent teacher 33.她是一个有马尾辫的小女孩。She is a small girl with a ponytail 34.冰箱里没有什么.Theres nothing in the fridg

9、e = There isnt anything in the fridge . 35.什么使你的朋友如此特别？What makes your friend so special ? 36.她长大时想成为一名老师.She wants to be a teacher when she grows up . 37.她总是脸上带着笑容。She always has a smile on her face. 39.使她看起来真的美丽和善良 make her look really pretty and kind 40.他经常把我们的书和钢笔撞到地板上。He often knocks our books

10、and pens onto the floor. 41. What be sb. like ?问某人的长相或品格 What do(does) sb. look like?仅询问某人的长相 What do(does) sb. like?问某人喜欢什么 二、二、语法语法: 形容词比较级和最高级形容词比较级和最高级 一、形容词的比较级和最高级变化规则 1、规则变化： (1) 单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾加 er 或 est： 如: small -smaller - the smallest (2) 以不发音的 e 字母结尾的加 r,或 st： 如: late - later - the late

11、st (3) 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的变 y 为 I 加 er 或 est: 如: easy - easier - the easiest (4)以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词双写最后一个辅音字母再加 er 或 est: 3 如: big - bigger - the biggest 以 er，ow 结尾的双音节词加 er 或 est 如: slow - slower - the slowest (5) 多音节词前加 more 或 most, 副词最高级前省略 the. 如: important - more important - the most important 2.不规则变化 go

12、od / well - better - the best 好 bad / badly / ill - worse - the worst 坏 many / much - more - the most 多 little - less - the least 少 old - older / elder - the oldest / the oldest 老, 旧 far - farther / further - the farthest / the furthest 远 二、相关知识点 1. 修饰原级： a little,a bit,rather,very, quite, so, such,

13、 much too, too 等。 2.adj./adv.比较级用法 （1）修饰比较级：much, far, even, still,too much, a little, a bit,a lot 等。 Now the air in our hometown is much better than it was before. He ran even more happily at that time. （2）易混淆的两个句型： He is the tallest of the three students. He is the taller of the two students. （3）

14、重要的句型转换： 比较级+than any other +单数名词=比较级+than the other +复数名词 = 最高级+范围 He is the tallest in our class.=He is taller than anyone else in our class. =He is taller than any other student in our class. = He is taller than(all) the other students in our class. = No one else is taller than him in our class.

15、（4）易混淆的： Shanghai is bigger than _ city in China. (D) Shanghai is bigger than _ city in Japan. (B) A. all the other B. any C. other D. any other （5）表一方随另一方变化而变化(越, 越): the +比较级 (+主 +谓), the+比较级 (+主 +谓) 越多越好。The more, the better. （6）表本身程度变化(越来越): 比较级+and +比较级 His shoes are dirtier and dirtier. Clothe

16、s are more and more expensive. 4 They dance more and more beautifully. （7）the + 比较级 + of the two 两者 表示在两者中较. Lily is _the shorter_ (short) of the two girls. （8）为免重复，在 than 后常用 one(s), that, those 等词来替代前面提到过的名词 The weather there is better than _ in Nanjing. (C ) A. one B. it C. that D. those （9）adj./

17、adv.最高级用法 1. adj.最高级也可用 ones 替代 the adv.最高级可省略 the 2. 最高级后常有介词短语(of/among/in )来表示范围 3. one of + the + 最高级 + 名词复数形式 Changjiang is one of the longest rivers in the world. 4. the second/third/fourth+最高级 表示第几最 (序数词可以修饰最高级) Millie is the third tallest student in her class. Huanghe is the second longest r

18、iver in China. 八上八上 Unit 2 School life 重点短语、句型、语法整理重点短语、句型、语法整理 一、重点短语、句型一、重点短语、句型: 1.Why dont sb. do sth.?= Why not do sth.? 为什么不做？ 2.work harder. 更加努力学习或工作(注意区分 hardly, hardly 表示“否定” ，几乎不) 3.Whats school like? Its like watching TV. be like doing sth. (like 介词，介词+doing) 4.fewer advertisements 更少的广告

19、 an advertisement 一则广告 few/many advertisements 5.British English/ American English 英式英语/美式英语 6.have some plans for the weekend 有一些周末计划 7.see/watch a film 看电影 8.in Year 8 (Year Eight) 名词+基数词（首字母都要大写）= in Grade Eight= in the eighth grade 一般情况下：名词+基数词（首字母都要大写）= the +序数词+名词 （首字母小写） Lesson One = the firs

20、t lesson 9.a mixed school. 一所男女生混合的学校 10.have lessons together 一起上课 11.among all my subjects 在我所有的学科中 12.like French best 最喜欢法语 13.Learning foreign languages is fun. 动名词做主语，谓语动词用单数 Reading is fun. (language 作为语言不可数名词，而具体的语言是可数名词 five languages 五种语言) 14.fun n.乐趣；娱乐活动；嬉戏，嬉闹；有趣的事 adj.使人愉快的；开心的 funny ad

21、j.滑稽的，可笑的 What (great/good) fun! have fun doing = have a good/nice/lovely/great/wonderful/fantastic time doing = enjoy oneself 5 doing = It is fun to do . 15.foreign languages 外语 （foreigner n, 外国人） 16.a Reading Week 阅读周 during the week 在这周期间 17.borrow 主语借入 lend 主语借出 borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物 （借进）

22、lend sth. to sb. = lend sb sth 把某物借给某人 （借出） 18.bring in 带来 bring in books and magazines from home 从家中带来书和杂志 19.near the end of the week 临近每周结束时 at the end of the street 在街道的尽头 in the end =finally=at last 最后 20.discuss sth with sb 与某人讨论某事 discuss the books with our classmates in class 课堂上与同学一起讨论书的内容

23、21.seem to go faster 似乎走得更快 seem to do sth. 似乎做某事 seem (to be) +adj. It seems that + 从句 It seems that he is angry. seem angry 似乎很生气 He seems（to be) unhappy today.他今天似乎不高兴 22.go to/join the Buddy Club 去同伴俱乐部 23.learn more about the school 更多地了解这个学校 24.listen carefully to my problems 仔细地倾听我的问题 25.offe

24、r me help 向我提供帮助 offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 向某人提供某物 offer to do sth 主动提出做某事 offer/provided 的英文解释都可以用 give，他们的区分主要看 后面的介词（provide sth. for sb=provide sb with sth） 26.end earlier than usual.比往常结束得更早 27.do sports together 一起做运动 28.twice a week 一周两次(用 how often 提问。对 for 短语提问，用 how long;对 in+一段时间

25、 提问用 how soon;对距离及 twenty minutes walk/ride 提问用 how far) 29.practice hard every time 每次努力练习 practice/practise doing sth 练习做某事 30.win two games/matches 赢得两场比赛 31.an article by a boy from the USA.一篇美国男孩写的文章 同类短语 clothes made of animals fur 32.what else = what other things 其他的还有什么 e first in the race 在

26、比赛中得第一名 34.any other +名词单数= the other +名词复数 any other student = the other students She draws better than any other student in my class = She draws better than the other students in my class 35.the number of 的数量 (谓语动词用单数形式) The number of the students in our school is about 1500 我们学校学生的数量大约是 1500 个 a

27、number of 许多，大量（谓语动词用复数）A number of students are playing football 许 多学生在踢足球 36.do morning exercises 做早操 take some exercise 锻炼/运动不可数，其余都可数 6 37.spend . on sth. / (in) doing sth. 花费.（时间或金钱）做某事 spend more time doing homework = spend more time on homework 花更多的时间做作业 spend the least time on homework = spe

28、nd the least time doing homework 花最少的时间做作业 38.have (some time )off 休息 （一段时间） have two weeks off = have a two-week holiday 休两周 假 39.half an hour 半小时 three hours and a half= three and a half hours 三个半小时 40.half an hour for playing computer games 半小时玩电脑游戏 41.another half an hour for playing chess 还有半小时

29、下象棋 42.at most 最多，至多 at least 至少，最少 43.do some reading/cooking/shopping/cleaning 阅读/做饭/购物/打扫 44.two hours for sports 两小时体育活动 among the four of us 我们四个人中 45.far-farther/ further-farthest/ furthest 但表示程度深时只能用 further further study 深造 46.have an English test 进行一次英语测试 47.have a monthly test on each subj

30、ect 举行各科月考 48.look through 浏览 look through the questions quickly 快速浏览问题 49.read English newspapers and magazines 读英语报刊和杂志 at first 首先，起初 50.keep writing in English about my daily life 不断地用英语写关于我的日常生活 51.learn to use English better 学会更好地使用英语 52.watch English videos 观看英语录像 53.have a lovely time(doing)

31、=enjoy doing=have fun doing 玩得很愉快 54.my ideal school 我理想的学校 （ideal, adj.） 55.finish school 毕业 56.need to get up early 需要早起 57.have lots of time for after-school activities 有许多时间进行课外活动 58.half an hour of homework 半个小时的作业 have an hour for lunch 有一小时午餐（时间） 59.a big clean dining hall 一个大而清洁的餐厅 60.wear u

32、niforms 穿校服 wear ties 系领带 61.choose subjects to study 选择学科来学习(choose-chose-chosen) 62.a football field 足球场 a swimming pool 游泳池 63.go on a school trip/a tour 进行一次学校旅行 64.have fun = have a lovely/good/nice/great/wonderful time 玩得愉快 二、语法二、语法: 1. 两者进行比较的表达方式两者进行比较的表达方式 more + 可数名词复数 / 不可数名词+ than 比 多 fe

33、wer + 可数名词复数 + than 比 少（可数） less + 不可数名词 + than 比 少（不可数） 2.三者或三者以上进行比较的表达方式三者或三者以上进行比较的表达方式 7 the most + 可数名词复数 / 不可数名词 三者或三者以上中最多 the fewest + 可数名词复数 在 中最少 the least + 不可数名词 在 中最少 八上八上 Unit 3 A day out 重点短语、句型、语法整理重点短语、句型、语法整理 一、重点短语、句型一、重点短语、句型: 1.climb a hill / mountain 爬山 2.need to exercise and

34、keep fit 需要锻炼并保持健康 3.not as/so high as a real one 不如真的高 e on 过来，加油, 赶快 5.enjoy oneself = have fun = have a good time 玩得很开心 6.take a boat trip to=go on a trip to by boat 乘船旅行 7.be famous for 以著名 be famous as 作为著名 8.under the famous Harbour Bridge 在著名的港湾大桥下 9.go past the (Sydney) Opera House 经过(悉尼)歌剧院

35、(pass 是动词,past 是介词) 10.take care 保重 take care of = look after 照顾 11.sit in a little coffee shop by the River Seine 坐在塞纳河旁边的一个小咖啡馆 12.the top of the Eiffel Tower 埃菲尔铁塔的顶部 13.the White House 白宫 14.a beautiful building with a big garden 一个带有一个大花园的漂亮的建筑物 15.the President of the USA 美国总统 16.search on the

36、 Internet 在网上搜索 17.how wide 多宽 90 feet wide 90 英尺宽 18.be made of 由制成（成品中可以看出原材料） be made from 由制成（成品中看不出原材料）be made in+地点 在.制造 19.weigh over 100,000tons重超过 10 万吨 （weighed是过去式， weight是名词； whats the weight of?） 20.invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事 invite sb to some place 邀请某人去某地 21.join their school trip to

37、 the World Park 加入他们去世界公园的旅行 join sb. in (doing) sth. 和某人一起做某事 join us 加入我们 join 加入(某人或组织)= become a member of join the Party 入党 join in = take part in 参加（活动） 22.on a fine warm day 在晴朗而温暖的一天(on the morning of/ on amorning) 23.shine in a clear blue sky 在晴朗的蓝天下照耀(shone 是过去式，shiny 是形容词“闪闪发 光的，明亮的”) 24.

38、quite far away 相当遥远（quite 副词“很”quiet 形容词“安静的” ；from 介词“从”form 8 名词“表格” ） 25.It takes sb some time to do sth 花费某人.时间做某事 =sb spend some time doing sth 26.a lot of traffic on the way 在路上交通拥挤 27.a little boring 有点儿无聊（a little 可以接不可数名词也可以接形容词, a bit 只可以修饰形 容词，a bit of 可以接不可数名词） 28.arrive at the park 到达公园

39、 arrive in Beijing 到达北京 29.all of us 我们所有人（反义短语 none of us） 30.cant wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事 cant help doing sth.忍不住做某事 31.get on/ off 上车/下车(get it on/off) 32.the whole world 整个世界=all the world 33.in front of 在前面(在外面的前面) in the front of (在里面的前面) 34.models of more than(=over) a hundred places of intere

40、st from all over the world 全世界超过 100 多个名胜古迹的模型 35.places of interest 名胜古迹（The Great Wall is a place of interest in China.长城是中国的一个 名胜。 ） show great interest in sth./doing sth. 在表现出浓厚兴趣 36.become excited 变得兴奋 37.look as great as the one back home 看上去和家乡的一样棒 38.not believe ones eyes 不相信自己的眼睛 39.an amaz

41、ing day 一个令人感到惊讶的一天 amaze(n.)amazed(adj.修饰人)amazing(adj.修饰物) exciteexcitedexciting interestinterestedinteresting boreboredboring surprisesurprised-surprising 40.the main sights of the world 世界上主要的景点 41.the song and dance shows 歌舞表演 42.learn a lot about different cultures 了解许多不同的文化 43.take some photo

42、s of the trip 拍一些旅行照片 44.put them on his home page 把他们放在他的主页上 put on 穿上，张贴 put out 扑灭 45.go and see for yourself 去亲自看看 46.finally = at last = in the end 47.by oneself 单独，各自 48.too much traffic 太多车辆 too much 后接不可数名词或放在动词之后；much too 后接形容 词 49.dont tell anyone about this 不要告诉任何人关于这个 50.pull himself up

43、the rocks 把他自己拉上岩石 51.hurt ourselves 伤害我们自己 enjoy oneself 玩得开心 help oneself to.随便吃 teach oneself 自学 for oneself 亲自 52.look at each other 互相看着对方 throw sth at each other 9 53.keep the secret to themselves 保守他们自己的秘密 keep secrets for sb 为某人保守秘密 54.in the final of this years basketball competition 今年篮球比赛

44、决赛 55.the Students Union 学生会 56.take place = happen 举行；发生 57.at the Moonlight Restaurant 在月光餐馆 58.cheer for 为欢呼 59.forget to do sth 忘记要做某事（没有做）forget doing(做过但忘记了) remember to do 记得要去做（没有做）remember doing 记得做过 60.with your support在你的支持下 with your help在你的帮助下 with ones eyes closed ; 闭 眼；without breakfa

45、st 没有吃早餐 61.per student 每个学生 62.go there by underground 坐地铁去那儿 63.take the underground 乘地铁 64.a 20-minute period 一个 20 分钟期间 65.during half-time 在中场休息期间 66.go back to our school 回我们学校 = return to our school 67.take sb to the Summer Place 带某人去颐和园 68.sound good 听起来好 69.the Chinese Science and Technolog

46、y Museum 中国科技博物馆 70.be free for 对免费 71.group of 30 or more students 30 或 30 人以上的团体 72.the day before yesterday 前天 the day after tomorrow 后天 73.colourful clothes 多彩的衣服 74.feel excited and cheerful 感到兴奋和兴高采烈 75.be useful/ useless 有用/无用 76.at Sunshine Underground Station 在阳光地铁站 77.Tiananmen Square 天安门广

47、场 78.walk to Beihai Park 走去北海公园 79.in Wangfujing Street 在王府井大街 80.the biggest city square 最大的城市广场 81.row boats 划船 82.plan a day out 计划一日出去 planplannedplanning dropdroppeddropping 二、二、语法语法: as.as 的用法的用法 as.as 意为和一样，表示同级的比较。使用时要注意第一个 as 为副词，第二个 as 为 连词。其基本结构为：as+ adj./ adv. +as。例如： (1)This film is as interesting as that one.这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。 10 (2)Your pen writes as smoothly as mine.你的钢笔书写起来和我的一样流畅。 其否定式为 not as/so +adj./ adv. +as。例如： This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think.这本字典不如你想象的那样有用。 若有修饰成分，如