2020外研版(新教材)必修第一册Unit3 Family matters单元核心考点归纳(重点单词短语+长难句解析+语法)
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1、Unit 3 单元核心考点归纳单元核心考点归纳 【重点词汇【重点词汇&短语】短语】 1 approach n. 方式,方法,态度;道路,通路;靠近,接近 vt.& vi. (在距离或时间上,数量或质量上)接近,靠近;接洽(P27) 归纳 拓展 (1)an approach to . 通往的道路,的方法(to 是介词) at the approach of 在快到的时候,随着的来临 (2)approach sb./sth. about (doing) sth. 与某人/某组织商量(做)某事 The only way to come out on top is to adopt a differe
2、nt approach. 脱颖而出的唯一途径就是采用一种不同的方法。 As Teachers Day was approaching, our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day. 随着教师节的临近,今年我们班决定举行一场晚会来庆祝这个重 要的节日。 He came up with a new approach to working out the puzzling maths problem. 他想出了解决这个数学难题的新方法。 Some shops have doors which open by the
3、mselves at the approach of a customer. 有些商店的门在顾客走近时会自动打开。 When he approached me about the job, I was very surprised. 当他为这份工作找我商量时,我非常吃惊。 易混辨析:way, means, manner, method, approach (做)的方法 用这种方法 way to do/of (doing) sth. method of (doing) sth. means of (doing) sth. manner of (doing) sth. approach to (d
4、oing) sth. in this way with this method by this means in this manner 2 focus vi. 集中注意;聚焦 vt. 使聚焦;使集中;(把)集中(于) n. 焦点;(兴趣、活动等的)中心(P27) 归纳 拓展 (1)focus on/upon 集中(注意力)于 focus ones attention/mind on/upon . 集中某人的注意力/心思于 focus ones eyes on/upon . 注视 (2)in focus 清晰的,焦距对准的 out of focus 模糊的,不清楚的;焦距没有对准的 I am
5、so tired that I cant focus on anything today. 我今天太累了,集中不了精力做任何事。 If we find those materials interesting, well focus our attention on them for long. 如果我们发现那些材料有趣,我们的注意力就会长时间集中在它 们身上。 You cant take a good photograph unless the object is in focus. 只有对准焦距你才能拍出好照片。 The camera was a bit out of focus when
6、I took that picture. 我拍那张照片的时候,照相机焦距有点没对准。 3 assume v. 假定,认为,承担(责任)(P27) 归纳 拓展 (1)assumethat 从句 设想 It is generally assumed that . 普遍认为 assuming/supposing (that) . 假设 (2)assumption n. 假定,假设 make an assumption/assumptions about 对作出假设 on the assumption that 假定,假设 We cant assume the suspects to be guilt
7、y simply because theyve decided to remain silent. 我们不能仅仅因为嫌疑人已经决定保持沉默就假定他们有罪。 Dont assume it is OK to be rude if the person youre in touch with cant recognize you. 不要认为你联系的人认不出你,你就可以对人不礼貌。 It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work. 普遍认为,压力是工作太多所致。 Assuming that it rains tomorrow
8、, what shall we do? 假设明天下雨,我们应该怎么做? They preferred to make assumptions about the world based on the experience of others. 他们更喜欢在别人经验的基础之上对世界作出假设。 4 respect v. 尊敬,敬重 n. 尊敬,敬重;方面,细节; 问候(复数)(P27) 归纳 拓展 (1)respect sb.show/have respect for sb. 尊重某人 respect oneself 自尊,自重 respect sb. for sth. 因某事而尊重某人 (2)g
9、ive/send my respects to sb. 代我向某人问好/致意 in this/that respect 在这/那方面 in respect of/with respect to 关于;就而言 (3)respectful adj. 礼貌的;恭敬的 respectable adj. 体面的;令人尊敬的 respective adj. 分别的,各自的 Respect yourself, or no one will respect you. 君须自敬,人乃敬之。 She has always been honest with me, and I respect her for tha
10、t. 她一直对我很诚实,我一直敬重她这一点。 I show my great respect for the respectable teachers in this respect. 在这方面,我对尊敬的老师表示崇高的敬意。 With respect to/In respect of your other suggestions, I am not yet able to tell you our decision. 谈到你的其他建议,我现在还无法把我们的决定告诉你。 The children in our family are always respectful to their elde
11、rs. 我们家的孩子对长辈总是恭恭敬敬的。 5 ignore v. 忽视,对不予理会(P27) 归纳 拓展 (1)ignorant adj. 无知的,愚昧的 be ignorant of/about sth. 不知道某事,对不了解 (2)ignorance n. 无知 I said hello to him, but he ignored me completely. 我向他问好,但是他完全不理我。 I am ignorant of what he has done. 我不知道他干了些什么。 They fought against prejudice and ignorance for a l
12、ong time. 他们同偏见与无知进行了长期的斗争。 6 suit v. 适合(P27) 归纳 拓展 (1)suit . to 使适合 be suited to 适合/适应于 (2)suitable adj. 适合的 be suitable for 适合于 be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事 Do whichever of these things that suit you. 做任何适合你的事。 You have to suit your spending to your income. 你必须让你的收支相符。 The area is well suited to r
13、oad cycling as well as off- road riding. 这个地方很适合举行自行车公路赛和越野赛。 I dont think I should be suitable for the job. 我认为我不适合这个岗位。 This piece is not suitable to be played in the open air. 这个曲子不适合在露天演奏。 易混辨析:suit, fit, match suit “适合,适宜”,指衣服颜色、样式适合某人,还可指合乎需要、口 味、地位、条件等。另外,用于比喻意义时多用 suit fit “适合,合身”,指大小、尺寸、形状等
14、合适,引申为“吻合,协调” match “适合, 和匹配”, 多指色调、 形状、 性质等方面的搭配, 含有“与 之相匹配”之意 7 talent n. 才能;天赋;人才(P27) 归纳 拓展 (1)have a talent for 有的天赋 show a talent for 展现出的天赋 (2)talented adj. 有天赋的;有才能的 The player was given hardly any opportunities to show off his talents. 那位选手几乎没有得到什么机会展示自己的天赋。 My brother showed a talent for m
15、usic when he was very young. 我弟弟在很小的时候就表现出音乐才能。 I guess he has a natural talent for writing. 我想他天生就有写作的天赋。 I believe my father is a talented man. 我相信我的父亲是一个有才能的人。 8 be proud of 以为骄傲,对感到骄傲(P27) 归纳 拓展 (1)proudly adv. 自豪地;骄傲地 (2)pride n. 自豪;骄傲;得意 with pride 自豪地 take pride inbe proud of 以为骄傲,对感到骄傲 We ha
16、ve every reason to be proud of our country and nation. We have every reason to take pride in our country and nation. 我们有理由为我们的国家和民族感到骄傲和自豪。 The king walked out to the street very proudly and walked with pride. 国王很骄傲地走上了大街,满怀自豪地走着。 9 responsible adj. (对事故、错误、罪行等)负有责任的,应承担责 任的(P29) 归纳 拓展 (1)be respons
17、ible for sth. 对某事负责任;是某事的原因 be responsible to sb. 向某人负责任 (2)responsibility n. 责任,义务 It is ones responsibility to do sth. 做某事是某人的责任 take responsibility for 为负责 The pilot of the plane should be responsible for the passengers safety. 飞行员应对乘客的安全负责。 You are an adult now and you need to take responsibilit
18、y for your actions. 现在你是成年人了,你需要对自己的行为负责。 It is your responsibility to look after the children. 照看这些孩子是你的责任。 10 observe v. 庆祝,过(节日,生日等);观察(P31) 归纳 拓展 (1)observe sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事(全过程) observe sb. doing sth. 注意到某人正在做某事 (2)observation n. 观察 Do they observe Christmas? 他们过圣诞节吗? The teacher observed th
19、at the girl was not listening and was lost in thought. 老师注意到那个女孩没有在听课,陷入了沉思。 The police observed him enter the bank with a short gun. 警察看到他带着短枪进了银行。 When I passed by his house, I observed him playing in the yard. 当我从他房子旁经过时,我看到他正在院子里玩。 Art class help develop childrens powers of observation. 美术课有助于提高
20、儿童的观察力。 名师点津:在主动语态中,observe 接宾语后跟不定式作补语时, 要省去不定式符号 to,但变为被动语态时,to 不能省去。类似用法的 词还有:see, hear, notice, make, have, watch 等。 11 range n. 一系列;范围;种类 vt. (在一定的范围内) 变动/变化(P31) 归纳 a wide range of 一系列;各种各样的 拓展 within (the)/in range of 在可及的范围内 beyond the/out of range of 超出的范围 range from . to . 在和之间变化 A wide ra
21、nge of colours and patterns are available. 各种颜色和样式都有。 Its beyond the range of my ability. 这件事超出了我的能力范围。 The cat stayed well out of range of the children. 这只猫离孩子们远远的。 She has had a number of different jobs, ranging from chef to swimming instructor. 她做过许多不同的工作,从厨师到游泳教练。 名师点津:range 作“变动,变化”讲时,不用于进行时态。
22、12 apologise v. 道歉(P31) 归纳 拓展 (1)apologise to sb. 向某人道歉 apologise for (doing) sth. 因为(做)某事而道歉 (2)apology n. 道歉 make an apology to sb. for sth. 因某事而向某人道歉 I apologise for having taken too much of your time. 我为占用你很多时间而表示歉意。 I apologised to her for stepping on her feet. I made an apology to her for step
23、ping on her feet. 我因踩到她的脚而向她道歉。 13 settle v. 和解,结束(争论);定居(P32) 归纳 拓展 (1)settle for 勉强接受,将就 settle in 在安家,定居,落户 settle into 迁入(新居) settle down 定居,过安定的日子;(使)平静下来 (2)settler n. 移民;定居者 settlement n. (解决纷争的)协议;解决;处理;(关于钱财 转让的)协议(书) As a perfectionist, Virginia was just not prepared to settle for anything
24、 mediocre. 作为一个完美主义者,弗吉尼娅就是无法勉强接受任何平庸的东 西。 She settled in Shanghai after her fathers death. 父亲死后,她就在上海定居了。 We settled into our new house just last week. 我们上周刚刚迁入新居。 The chairman tried to settle the audience down. 主席尽力让听众安静下来。 14 obviously adv. 明显地,显而易见地(P33) 归纳 拓展 obvious adj. 明显的,显而易见的 be obvious t
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