(新教材)江苏译林版高一必修第一册Unit3 Grammar and usage—Restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns学案(含答案)
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1、Grammar and usageRestrictiverelative clauses with relative pronouns 语法感知 感知以下课文原句,完成方框下的小题 1When I was an awkward primary school student,she was the popular girl who was willing to make friends with me. 2I also had a friend whom I trusted a lot. 3A real friend is someone whose support we can count o
2、n. 4A real friend is someone who sees our true self,not just the face that we show to the world. 关系代词引导定语从句时,关系代词在定语从句中充当一个句子成分。who 指人,可在句中 作主语或宾语,如句 1 和句 4 中都作主语;that 可指人,也可指物,在从句中作主语或者宾 语, 如在句 4 中作宾语; whom 指人, 可在句中作宾语, 如句 2; whose 通常指人, 也可指物, 在定语从句中作定语,如句 3。 语法精析 在复合句中,修饰某一名词、代词或整个主句的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句
3、修饰的名 词或代词叫先行词,连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词的主要作用是连接主句和 从句,同时指代先行词,并在从句中充当一定的句子成分。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词 两种,关系代词有 that,which,who,whom,whose 等;关系副词有 when,where,why。 一、关系代词的用法 1who 指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 The person who tricked me was one of my classmates. 骗我的那个人是我的一个同学。 He is the man who I respect very much. 他就是我非常尊重的那个人。 2w
4、hom 指人,在定语从句中作宾语,常可省略。 The old man (whom) the girl had tricked was my grandfather. 女孩欺骗的那位老人是我的爷爷。 温馨提示 (1)关系代词 whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用 who/that 来代替。 The boy (who/whom/that) we saw yesterday was Johns brother. 昨天我们看到的那个男孩是约翰的哥哥。 (2)在从句中作介词的宾语且直接跟在介词后时,用 whom,不用 who。 He is a man from whom we are all ready
5、 to learn. 他是我们大家都准备向他学习的人。 3which 指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。 The gold medal (which) she won has been given to her old school. 她曾经获得的那块金牌已经被送给她的母校了。 4that 指人时,相当于 who 或 whom;指物时,相当于 which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语, 作宾语时可省略。 The woman (that) I read about in the newspaper has just won a gold medal. 我在报纸上读到的那位女士刚刚赢得了
6、一枚金牌。 The report (that) Mr Turner handed in was about the motor race. 特纳先生递交的报告是关于摩托车比赛的。 温馨提示 (1)宜用 that 不宜用 which 的情况 当先行词是 all,little,much,something,anything,everything,nothing,some 等不定代 词时。 All that can be done has been done. 一切能做的都已经做完了。 当先行词被 all,every,some,any,little,much,the only,the very,th
7、e right,the last, just 等修饰时。 Music is the only thing that interests me. 音乐是唯一令我感兴趣的东西。 当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the most interesting story that I have ever read. 这是我曾经读过的最有趣的故事。 当先行词中既有人又有物时。 She described in her composition the people and places that impressed her most. 她在作文中描述了令她印象最
8、深刻的一些人和地方。 (2)宜用 which 不宜用 that 的情况 关系代词前有介词时。 The house in which I used to live has become a shoe shop. 我过去住的房子现在变成了一家鞋店。 在非限制性定语从句中。 Have you ever read the book,which was written by a young girl? 你读过一个年轻女孩写的这本书吗? (3)宜用 who 不宜用 that 的情况 当先行词是指人的不定代词 one,ones,anyone 时。 Anyone who does that must be m
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