北京市西城区2020～2021学年度高三上期末质量检测英语试卷（含答案）

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1、北京市西城区 20202021 学年度第一学期期末试卷 高三英语 第 1 页（共 14 页） 北京市西城区 20202021 学年度第一学期期末试卷 高三英语 2021.1 本试卷共 14 页，共 100 分。考试时长 90 分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题 卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，第一部分：知识运用（共两节，3030 分）分） 第一节 完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选 出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Past the breakers, about 50 fee

2、t from shore, two brothers were fighting for their lives. They had been swept out to sea in a strong current, their mouths barely able to stay above the 1 . Thick fog made it difficult for beachgoers to see the guys, but the screams were unmistakable. And every second counted. 2 , four surfers in we

3、t suits were nearby. Narayan Weibel, Spenser Stratton, Adrian York and Taj Ortiz-Beck, all 16, were on their surfboards riding up and down the coast on five-foot waves when they heard the 3 . They turned and saw two bobbing (摆动) heads and four flailing (扑打) arms. “We looked at each other and knew th

4、ese guys were about to drown (淹死),” Weibel told the reporter. Weibel, Stratton, and Ortiz-Beck paddled (用桨划) toward the swimmers while York headed to shore to find someone to call 911. He then dived back in to 4 his friends. As the surfers drew close, the brothers were 5 . Ortiz-Beck pulled up along

5、side the one brother. Grabbing him under his arms, he pulled him up onto his board. Stratton and Weibel, meanwhile, were trying to help the other. He was large, 250 to 300 pounds, and he was panicked. “Calm downwe 6 you!” Weibel shouted. York arrived 7 to help get the guy on top of the second board.

6、 They then paddled several minutes through a wild current to the medical help waiting onshore. 北京市西城区 20202021 学年度第一学期期末试卷 高三英语 第 2 页（共 14 页） The brothers were scared but 8 . “When we get a call like this one, its usually too 9 by the time we get there,” says Dillon Cleavenger, the lifeguard, “I can

7、t say enough about what these boys did. They were willing and prepared to 10 their lives.” 1. A. board B. water C. ship D. shore 2. A. Luckily B. Surprisingly C. Surely D. Gradually 3. A. news B. stories C. words D. cries 4. A. invite B. guide C. help D. greet 5. A. striking B. struggling C. strengt

8、hening D. stretching 6. A. met B. got C. knew D. followed 7. A. in fear B. in turn C. in time D. in advance 8. A. proud B. strong C. satisfied D. fine 9. A. late B. busy C. far D. difficult 10. A. save B. change C. risk D. share 第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适 当

9、的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A It was my first night out in that city, and when I saw the last bus home disappearing round the corner, I knew I had a problem. It was cold and I couldnt afford a taxi, 11 I didnt want to bother my host family by asking them to pick me up. So I set off on foot, 12 (te

10、ll) myself it would only take me an hour or so. Four hours later, I was still walking. I was soaked (湿透的) through and my hands were frozen. When I eventually reached the house, the family said how 13 (worry) theyd been, and asked why I hadnt phoned. By then I wished I had. 北京市西城区 20202021 学年度第一学期期末试

11、卷 高三英语 第 3 页（共 14 页） B The United Nations Childrens Fund, also known as UNICEF, is a United Nations organization based in New York. It offers help needed by children all over the world. UNICEF 14 (found) on 11 December, 1946 to provide food and healthcare to children in countries damaged in World Wa

12、r II. Since 1953, UNICEF 15 (take) up an extended mission to help children in the developing world, including those living with disease or disabilities, and those affected by rapid modernization and environmental 16 (problem). Now, UNICEF has been working 17 (improve) the lives of children and their

13、 families across 190 countries and territories. C Online eating shows, or Mukbang, originated in South Korea and have gained 18 (popular) globally. Many hosts of such shows become popular for their ability to eat large amounts of food. But these shows have also received criticism 19 their waste of f

14、ood. On Aug. 12, CCTV exposed several Chinese hosts who were pretending to eat large amounts of food while on camera, but actually later threw it away. To discourage this practice, many video and livestreaming platforms, including Douyin, Kuaishou and Bilibili, have removed videos 20 show food waste

15、, and have promoted messages to “stop food waste and eat reasonably”. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，3838 分）分） 第一节（共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A What Are We Talking About? Its called the Mozzy Watch. It is a stylish and comfortable band that instantly brings

16、 peace of mind, for it keeps those annoying mosquitoes away. It is made of a hardened ceramic material, so it is very tough and almost unbreakable. But how this 北京市西城区 20202021 学年度第一学期期末试卷 高三英语 第 4 页（共 14 页） device protects you against annoying insects is truly amazing _ Mozzy Watch uses ultrasonic

17、sounds to repel (驱除) mosquitoes and flies! These ultrasonic frequencies are completely harmless to humans and pets. At first, we were skeptical about how this device could work without the use of chemicals. So, we decided to test it and the results were amazing. Everyone on our team experienced wond

18、erful results after using Mozzy Watch. Key Mozzy Watch Features, Facts, and Benefits: Completely safe Everyone can use this device: kids, pregnant women and even pets. It uses no chemicals and the ultrasonic sounds it produces have been proven safe. Comfortable Mozzy Watch is lightweight and stylish

19、. Rechargeable with long battery life It can be charged using a normal USB charger and the battery can last up to one week. Improves quality of sleep No more annoying buzzing mosquito sounds around your ears. How Much Does the Mozzy Watch Cost? The Mozzy Watch is just $79.90, which is more than wort

20、h it, considering how much you save on the long run. But it gets even better! If you click on any of the promotional discount coupons below, youll get it for $49 AND FREE SHIPPING WORLDWIDE! How Do I Get the Mozzy Watch? Now that you know about this amazing new product, order one from the official s

21、uppliers website here: Enjoy peace of mind free from annoying mosquitoes and insects! 21. Which would be the best heading for Paragraph 2? A. Why Do We Need Mozzy Watch? B. Who Are Suitable To Wear Mozzy Watch? C. How Does Mozzy Watch Work To Protect You? D. How Did Our Team Do the Test On Mozzy Wat

22、ch? 北京市西城区 20202021 学年度第一学期期末试卷 高三英语 第 5 页（共 14 页） 22. How does the author promote Mozzy Watch to consumers? A. By describing its stylish design in detail. B. By highlighting its unique technical features. C. By offering feedback from thousands of users. D. By giving special buy-one-get-one-free dis

23、counts. 23. On what kind of website would you probably find this article? A. Health. B. Opinion. C. Entertainment. D. Sports. B Kajal moved to the United States in February 2017. Having previously volunteered for two years as an assistant yoga teacher in her home country, Kajal was enthusiastic abou

24、t volunteering and began looking for volunteer opportunities that match her interests on VolunteerMatch. “I enjoy volunteering and its a way to make an impact in my new community,” says Kajal. Kajal was drawn to a volunteer opportunity with the Meridian International Center to review applications on

25、 behalf of the Young Leaders of the Americas Initiative (YLAI). Kajal had previous experience, and the position also afforded her the opportunity to work remotely. After connecting with the opportunity on VolunteerMatch and successfully completing the application process, Kajal got to work. Her role

26、 involved reviewing applications from potential candidates for a four-week fellowship in the U.S. She was responsible for describing the business ideas presented by these candidates, assessing the social impact of their businesses, and determining the strength of candidates to carry out their plans.

27、 With almost 4,000 applicants in 2017, Meridian International Center considers volunteers like Kajal to be integral (必要的) members of the team. With help from volunteers, 250 candidates have now been selected to take part in the program and will travel to the U.S. this fall. 北京市西城区 20202021 学年度第一学期期末

28、试卷 高三英语 第 6 页（共 14 页） Kajal says that this volunteer opportunity super-charged her existing skills, while helping her build new ones such as time management, business analysis, decision-making, planning, and presenting. She is now looking for her next volunteer opportunity and reflects positively on

29、 her experience with Meridian International Center, “A new country brings in a lot of new experiences and volunteering helped me to settle into a new environment,” adds Kajal. “By helping others, I felt needed in society. Not only did it improve my self-esteem (自尊), other people benefited too. Volun

30、teering is a great opportunity to improve yourself, others, and the whole society”. 24. Why did Kajal look for a volunteering opportunity in the U.S.? A. She wanted to do something for her new community. B. She needed a chance to meet new people. C. She wanted to remember her yoga class. D. She need

31、ed to improve her social skills. 25. One of Kajals jobs in YLAI is _. A. raising the candidates self-esteem B. building the candidates existing skills C. helping the candidates do some volunteer work D. judging the social impact of candidates businesses 26. How does Kajal feel about her experience w

32、ith Meridian International Center? A. Rewarding. B. Tiring. C. Relaxing. D. Challenging. C Hundreds of people die at sea every year due to ship and airplane accidents. Emergency teams have little time to rescue those in the water because the probability of finding a person alive fall dramatically af

33、ter six hours. Beyond tides and challenging weather conditions, unsteady coastal currents often make search and rescue operations extremely difficult. New insight into coastal flows gained by an international research team led by 北京市西城区 20202021 学年度第一学期期末试卷 高三英语 第 7 页（共 14 页） George Haller, Professo

34、r of Nonlinear Dynamics at ETH Zurich, promises to enhance the search and rescue techniques currently in use. Using tools from dynamical systems theory and ocean data, the team has developed an algorithm (算法) to predict where objects and people floating in water will go. “Our work has a clear potent

35、ial to save lives,” says Mattia Serra, the first author of a study recently published in Nature Communications. In todays rescue operations at sea, complicated models of ocean dynamics and weather forecasting are used to predict the path of floating objects. For fast-changing coastal waters, however

36、, such predictions are often inaccurate due to uncertain boundaries and missing data. As a result, a search may be launched in the wrong location, causing a loss of precious time. Hallers research team obtained mathematical results predicting that objects floating on the oceans surface should gather

37、 along a few special curves (曲线) which they call TRansient Attracting Profiles (TRAPs). These curves cant be seen with our eyes but can be tracked from instant ocean surface current data using recent mathematical methods developed by the ETH team. This enables quick and precise planning of search pa

38、ths that are less sensitive to uncertainties in the time and place of the accident. In cooperation with a team from MIT, the ETH team tested their new, TRAP-based search algorithm in two separate ocean experiments near Marthas Vineyard, which is on the northeastern coast of the United States. Workin

39、g from the same real-time data available to the Coast Guard, the team successfully identified TRAPs in the region in real time. They found that buoys and manikins (浮标和人体 模型) thrown in the water indeed quickly gathered along these emerging curves. “Of several competing approaches tested in this proje

40、ct, this was the only algorithm that consistently found the right location,” says Haller. “Our results are rapidly obtained, easy to interpret and cheap to perform,” points out Serra. Haller stresses: “Our hope is that this method will become a standard part of the tool kit of coast guards everywher

41、e.” 北京市西城区 20202021 学年度第一学期期末试卷 高三英语 第 8 页（共 14 页） 27. In a search and rescue operation, . A. the survival rate drops to almost zero after six hours B. the use of dynamics leads to the wrong location C. weather conditions are a determining factor D. changing currents present a challenge 28. What is

42、the distinct feature of the new algorithm? A. It relies on ocean dynamics. B. It tracks the path of the curves. C. It stops the uncertainties of the accident. D. It figures out how tides change over time. 29. Paragraph 5 mainly talks about . A. the collection of data B. the testing of the algorithm

43、C. the identification of the TRAPs D. the cooperation of two research teams 30. What is the best title for the passage? A. Why Success Rates of Rescue Operations have Fallen B. Why Algorithms are Popular in Rescue Operations C. How Mathematics Can Save Lives at Sea D. How Coastal Waters Affect Savin

44、g Lives D Recently the term “climate anxiety” has been used to better describe our growing concerns about climate change. While there is evidence that climate anxiety can be identified and reliably measured, whats less clear is how it relates to mental illness. Mental health providers across the wor

45、ld are noting the presence of climate anxiety in their patients; however, the degree to which it is influencing mental illness is not yet clear, though evidence addressing this question is slowly growing. For years now, mental health clinicians have seen climate anxiety influencing presentations of

46、mental illness in a variety of ways, some extreme. Recent studies are 北京市西城区 20202021 学年度第一学期期末试卷 高三英语 第 9 页（共 14 页） starting to look at links between climate anxiety and mental illness in larger samples to help better understand the directionality of their relationship. In a U.S. survey of more tha

47、n 340 people published in 2018, climate concerns were associated with depressive symptoms (症状). Ecological coping, which includes pro-environmental behaviors such as reducing energy consumption, appeared to be protective against depression, indicating that climate concerns and the poor coping skills

48、 used to address them could be causing depressive symptoms. So who might be more at risk of mental illness secondary to the uncertainties around climate change? Unsurprisingly, climate anxiety appears higher in individuals with more concern about environmental issues at baseline and those already experiencing direct effects of climate change. Climatologists also face increased risk given their in-depth knowledge on th