2020年1月16日雅思真题回忆及解析

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1、20202020 年年 1 1 月月 1 16 6 日雅思真题回忆及解析日雅思真题回忆及解析 所有的成功都来自于行动， 只有付诸行动， 才能一步步走向成功。 无忧考网搜集整理了 2020 年 1 月 16 日雅思真题回忆及解析，希望对大家有所帮助。以下内容仅供参考。 1 1 月月 1616 日日雅思雅思口语真题回忆：口语真题回忆： Visit relatives 1.When was the last time you visited a relative? 2.Do you often visit your relatives? 3.Why do people visit their rel

2、atives? 4.What do you do when visiting relatives? Outdoor 1.Is it important for children to play outdoors? 2.Did you often go over to your friends house when you were going? 3.Did you like to go outside when you were young? 4.Do you prefer to be indoors or outdoors? Smile 1.Can you recognize a fake

3、smile? 2.Do you smile when people take pictures of you? 3.When do people smile at others? 4.Do you like to smile? Market 1.Are there many street markets in China? 2.Do you often go to the supermarket? 3.What are the differences between street markets and supermarkets? 4.What do street markets sell?

4、Email 1. Do you write letters or emails? 2. Do you prefer to write letters by hand or use a computer? 3. What do you usually write about? 4. Who do you usually write to? 5. How do you feel when you receive a letter? 6. Do you think people will still write letters in the future? Cooking 1. Do you enj

5、oy cooking? 2. Would you like to learn cooking? 3. Have you learned cooking before? 4. Is it difficult to cook Chinese food? 5. Have you cooked anything special? Shoes 1. How often do you buy shoes? 2. Have you bought shoes online? 3. What kind of shoes do you like? 4. Do you like nice shoes or comf

6、ortable shoes? 5. Do you have a favorite pair of shoes? / Would you buy shoes online in the future? Pollutions 1. Is there anything being polluted in your hometown? 2. What are the common types of pollutions in the countryside? 3. What are the causes of those pollutions? 4. Have you ever done anythi

7、ng to help the environment? Dream 1.How long can you remember your dream when you wake up? 2.Do you like hearing others dream? 3.Do you think dream will affect life? 4.Do you often have dreams at night? Science 1. Do you like science? 2. Are there many science museums in your hometown? 3. Did you li

8、ke science classes when you were young? 4. How did you learn science at school? 5. Do you think children should have both art classes and science classes? 6. Do you think science is important to our society? Hometown 1.Where is your hometown? 2.What do you like about it? 3.What do you not like about

9、 it? 4.How often do you visit your hometown? 5.Whats the oldest part of your hometown? 6.Do many people visit your town? 7.Is there any way your hometown could be made better? 8.How has your hometown changed over the years? 9.Are there good transportation links to your town? 10.Would you recommend t

10、he town to people with children? 11.Is there much to do in your hometown? 12.What are the people like in your hometown? 1 1 月月 1616 日日雅思阅读雅思阅读真题回忆：真题回忆： Passage 1 题目 鸡的历史 话题分类 生物科学类 题型及对应数量 暂缺 内容回忆 The history of chickens (Gallus domestics) is still a bit of a puzzle. Scholars agree that they were f

11、irst domesticated from a wild form called red junglefowl (Gallus gallus), a bird that still runs wild in most of southeast Asia, most likely hybridized with the gray junglefowl (G. sonneratii). That occurred probably about 8,000 years ago. Recent research suggests, however, there may have been multi

12、ple other domestication events in distinct areas of South and Southeast Asia, southern China, Thailand, Burma, and India. Since the wild progenitor of chickens is still living, several studies have been able to examine the behaviors of wild and domestic animals. Domesticated chickens are less active

13、, have fewer social interactions with other chickens, are less aggressive to would-be predators, are less susceptible to stress, and are less likely to go looking for foreign food sources than their wild counterparts. Domestic chickens have increased adult body weight and simplified plumage; domesti

14、c chicken egg production starts earlier, is more frequent, and produces larger eggs. Chicken Dispersals Chickens, Chang Mai, Thailand Chickens, Chang Mai, Thailand. David Wilmot The earliest possible domestic chicken remains are from the Cishan site (5400 BCE) in northern China, but whether they are

15、 domesticated is controversial. Firm evidence of domesticated chickens isnt found in China until 3600 BCE. Domesticated chickens appear at Mohenjo-Daro in the Indus Valley by about 2000 BCE and from there the chicken spread into Europe and Africa. Chickens arrived in the Middle East starting with Ir

16、an at 3900 BCE, followed by Turkey and Syria (24002000 BCE) and into Jordan by 1200 BCE. The earliest firm evidence for chickens in east Africa are illustrations from several sites in New Kingdom Egypt (15501069). Chickens were introduced into western Africa multiple times, arriving at Iron Age site

17、s such as Jenne-Jeno in Mali, Kirikongo in Burkina Faso and Daboya in Ghana by the mid-first millennium CE. Chickens arrived in the southern Levant about 2500 BCE and in Iberia about 2000 BCE. Chickens were brought to the Polynesian islands from Southeast Asia by Pacific Ocean sailors during the Lap

18、ita expansion, about 3,300 years ago. While it was long assumed that chickens had been brought to the Americas by the Spanish conquistadors, presumably pre-Columbian chickens have been identified at several sites throughout the Americas, most notably at the site of El Arenal-1 in Chile, ca 1350 CE.

19、Chicken Origins: China? Two long-standing debates in chicken history still remain at least partially unresolved. The first is the possible early presence of domesticated chickens in China, prior to dates from southeast Asia; the second is whether or not there are pre-Columbian chickens in the Americ

20、as. Genetic studies in the early 21st century first hinted at multiple origins of domestication. The earliest archaeological evidence to date is from China about 5400 BCE, in geographically widespread sites such as Cishan (Hebei province, ca 5300 BCE), Beixin (Shandong province, ca 5000 BCE), and Xi

21、an (Shaanxi province, ca 4300 BCE). In 2014, a few studies were published supporting the identification of early chicken domestication in northern and central China (Xiang et al.). However, their results remain controversial. A 2016 study by Chinese bioanthropologist Masaki Eda and colleagues of 280

22、 bird bones reported as chicken from Neolithic and Bronze age sites in northern and central China found that only a handful could securely be identified as chicken. German archaeologist Joris Peters and colleagues (2016) looked at environmental proxies in addition to other research and concluded tha

23、t the habitats conducive to jungle fowl were simply not present early enough in China to allow for the domestication practice to have taken place. These researchers suggest that chickens were a rare occurrence in northern and Central China, and thus probably an import from southern China or Southeas

24、t Asia where evidence of domestication is stronger. Based on those findings, and despite the fact that southeast Asian progenitor sites have not as yet been identified, a northern Chinese domestication event separate from that of southern China and Southeast Asia does not at present seem likely. Pre

25、-Columbian Chickens in America In 2007, American archaeologist Alice Storey and colleagues identified chicken bones at the site of El-Arenal 1 on Chiles coast, in a context dated well before the 16th-century medieval Spanish colonization, ca. 1321 1407 cal CE. The discovery is considered evidence of

26、 pre-Columbian contact of South America by Polynesian sailors, but that is still a somewhat controversial notion in American archaeology. However, DNA studies have provided genetic support, in that chicken bones from el-Arenal contain a haplogroup which has been identified at Easter Island, which wa

27、s founded by Polynesians around 1200 CE. The founding mitochondrial DNA cluster identified as Polynesian chickens includes A, B, E, and D. Tracing sub-haplogroups, Portuguese geneticist Agusto Luzuriaga-Neira and colleagues identified sub-haplotype E1a(b) which is found in both Easter Island and el-

28、Arenal chickens, a key piece of genetic evidence supporting the pre-Columbian presence of Polynesian chickens on the coast of South America. Additional evidence suggesting pre-Columbian contact between South Americans and Polynesians has also been identified, in the form of ancient and modern DNA of

29、 human skeletons in both locations. Currently, it seems likely that the chickens at el-Arenal were likely brought there by Polynesian sailors. 题目回忆 暂缺 参考阅读 C8T4P3. Passage 2 题目 运动员的饮食 话题分类 医疗健康类 题型及对应数量 暂缺 内容回忆 As the innovations of modern science continue to improve so does the diet of different at

30、hletes, in many cases the kinds of foods that you eat will determine if you excel at your sport or are destined for mediocrity. Regardless if you are professional or amateur athlete anything that you eat must meet certain requirements to be able to maintain peak levels of performance and to ensure c

31、ontinued improvement. To do this requires that all athletes have a healthy diet that will support their very active lifestyle. Below are some tips as well as tactics of a healthy diet for athletes. Keep junk foods to a minimum: In general to be able to maintain peak levels of tom brady jersey perfor

32、mance requires that you eat low fat foods that will give your body the vitamins and minerals that it needs. That being said, there is nothing wrong with enjoying the occasional fast food or other types of junk foods no more than once a week. This will help you to help you maintain a healthy balanced

33、 diet and still be able to enjoy a variety of different foods. Make sure that you are taking in the proper amount of calories: A big problem that many athletes have is that they cut back drastically on the overall amount of a calories that they are consuming on a daily basis, only to wind up hurting

34、 their overall performance. In general what you want to do is make sure that you are eating at least 1,200 to 1,500 calories a day. If you are even more active you may want to maintain levels of at least 2,000 to 3,000 calories wholesale nfl jerseys per day. This well helps ensure that you are eatin

35、g the right amount of nutrients to maintain peak performance levels. Eat a wide variety of foods: Its no secret that the body requires a wide variety of nfl jersey sale nutrients and minerals for you to be able to maintain current levels of fitness. What you want to do is eat many different types of

36、 foods that will help build muscle and reduce fat including: beans, pasta, lean meats, vegetables, fruits, fish, grains and dairy. If for some reason you are unwilling to eat all of these different groups another option is to take a multi vitamin that will be able to give you all the nutrition from

37、these different groups. Keep a variety in your diet: In many cases an athlete will eat the same food over and over again. This lack of variety fails to give your body the true amount of nutrients that it needs and the chances of you maintaining a healthy diet to keep up with peak performance drops o

38、ver time since it is more than likely that you will become bored with what you eat, eventually turning to those foods that are not healthy for you. Clearly a Healthy diet for Athletes has a critical factor in determining your success. Some tips and tactics that will help you maintain a healthy diet

39、include: keeping junk foods to a minimum, taking the proper amounts of nutrients, eating a wide variety of foods and keeping variety in your diet. By doing this you will be Signs and symptoms of diabetes able to maintain peak levels of health leading to improved athletic. 题目回忆 暂缺 参考阅读 C9T2P1. Passag

40、e 3 题目 博弈 话题分类 语言文化类 题型及对应数量 暂缺 内容回忆 Game theory in the form known to economists, social scientists, and biologists, was given its first general mathematical formulation by John von Neuman and Oskar Morgenstern (1944). For reasons to be discussed later, limitations in their formal framework initiall

41、y made the theory applicable only under special and limited conditions. This situation has dramatically changed, in ways we will examine as we go along, over the past seven decades, as the framework has been deepened and generalized. Refinements are still being made, and we will review a few outstan

42、ding problems that lie along the advancing front edge of these developments towards the end of the article. However, since at least the late 1970s it has been possible to say with confidence that game theory is the most important and useful tool in the analysts kit whenever she confronts situations

43、in which what counts as one agents best action (for her) depends on expectations about what one or more other agents will do, and what counts as their best actions (for them) similarly depend on expectations about her. Despite the fact that game theory has been rendered mathematically and logically

44、systematic only since 1944, game-theoretic insights can be found among commentators going back to ancient times. For example, in two of Platos texts, the Laches and the Symposium, Socrates recalls an episode from the Battle of Delium that some commentators have interpreted (probably anachronisticall

45、y) as involving the following situation. Consider a soldier at the front, waiting with his comrades to repulse an enemy attack. It may occur to him that if the defense is likely to be successful, then it isnt very probable that his own personal contribution will be essential. But if he stays, he run

46、s the risk of being killed or wounded apparently for no point. On the other hand, if the enemy is going to win the battle, then his chances of death or injury are higher still, and now quite clearly to no point, since the line will be overwhelmed anyway. Based on this reasoning, it would appear that

47、 the soldier is better off running away regardless of who is going to win the battle. Of course, if all of the soldiers reason this wayas they all apparently should, since theyre all in identical situationsthen this will certainly bring about the outcome in which the battle is lost. Of course, this

48、point, since it has occurred to us as analysts, can occur to the soldiers too. Does this give them a reason for staying at their posts? Just the contrary: the greater the soldiers fear that the battle will be lost, the greater their incentive to get themselves out of harms way. And the greater the s

49、oldiers belief that the battle will be won, without the need of any particular individuals contributions, the less reason they have to stay and fight. If each soldier anticipates this sort of reasoning on the part of the others, all will quickly reason themselves into a panic, and their horrified commander will have a rout on his hands before the enemy has even engaged. 题目回忆