2021年牛津译林版中考被动语态笔记讲解

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1、 被动语态注意点被动语态注意点 结构：结构：be done 一般现在时一般现在时 is/am/are done 一般过去时一般过去时 was/were done 一般将来时一般将来时 will be done / be going to be done 判定用被动语态：判定用被动语态： 1）有）有 by sb. A charity show is held by the students. 2）有）有 with sth. The ground is covered with thick snow. 3）及物动词后无宾语）及物动词后无宾语 Warm clothes are collected f

2、or poor people every year. 4）主语和谓语存在逻辑上的动宾）主语和谓语存在逻辑上的动宾关系关系 English is taught in many schools. You cant play football until your homework is finished. 1. 含动词词组的被动语态， 看作一个整体， 不可分隔含动词词组的被动语态， 看作一个整体， 不可分隔。 如。 如 look after / hand out / hand in / give up / carry on with They take good care of the baby.

3、 The baby is taken good care of by them. 2. 这些动词真奇怪这些动词真奇怪,主动句中主动句中 to 离开，被动句中离开，被动句中 to 回来。回来。但是但是 doing 不变不变 make / let / hear / see/ watch/ notice sb. do sth. be made / let / heard / seen / watched / noticed to do sth. I saw him go into the office just now. He was seen to go into the office just

4、now. 3. 含双宾的句子改为被动时，多以直接宾语含双宾的句子改为被动时，多以直接宾语(sth)为主语，动词后要加介词为主语，动词后要加介词 to 或或 for。 make / buy 加加 for, pass / show / give / tell /offer / lend / teach 加加 to。 (主主)She buys me a present every year. （直宾作主语）（直宾作主语）A present is bought for me by her every year. （间宾作主语）（间宾作主语）I am bought a present by her ev

5、ery year. (主主) He passed me a book. （直宾作主语）（直宾作主语）A book was passed to me by him. （间宾作主语）（间宾作主语）I was passed a book by him. 4. 不及物动词没有被动语态不及物动词没有被动语态，如，如 happen / take place / come out / break down / rise 等。等。 The Special Olympics World Games take place every four years. 5. 一些动词用主动一些动词用主动语语态代替被动态代替被

6、动语语态。如系动词态。如系动词 smell, taste, sound, feel 等等。 The dish smells good. The music sounds nice. wash well 好洗好洗 sell well 畅销畅销 write well 好写好写 grow well 长得好长得好 6. sell 的两种用法：的两种用法： sell out “卖光卖光” 用被动语态。用被动语态。 这种书籍这种书籍在这个城市在这个城市都卖光了。都卖光了。This kind of books is sold out in this city. sell well “卖得好，畅销卖得好，畅销

7、” 用主动语态。用主动语态。 这种书籍在这个城市卖得很好。这种书籍在这个城市卖得很好。This kind of books sells well in this city. 被动语态小结被动语态小结 结构：结构：be done 一般现在时一般现在时 is/am/are done 一般过去时一般过去时 was/were done 一般将来时一般将来时 will be done / be going to be done 现在完成时现在完成时 have / has been done 含情态动词含情态动词 情态动词情态动词(can, must, should, might)+ be done Th

8、e work must be done in a week. 被动语态的一般将来时被动语态的一般将来时 一、结构一、结构 肯定句式肯定句式 shall (第一人称第一人称)/ will / be going to + be done We shall be punished if we break the rule. The new film will be shown next Friday. Some organizations are going to be set up next year. 否定句式否定句式 shall not / will not / be not going to

9、 + be done The problem isnt going to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow. 一般疑问句一般疑问句 shall / will / be 提前提前 -Will the work be finished at once? - Yes, it will. No, it wont. 特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+shall / will + 主语主语 + be done? 或或 特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+ be +主语主语 + going to be done? When will the book be punished? 二、注意点二、注意点 在时间、条件状语从句中，用一般现在时的被动语态代替在时间、条件状语从句中，用一般现在时的被动语态代替 一般将来时的被动语态。一般将来时的被动语态。 I wont let you in until your passport is shown to me. You can go home as soon as your work is finished. If I am given enough time, Ill go abroad for my holiday.