2021年中考英语一轮复习知识梳理（人教新目标）九全Units 13—14课件

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1、九全九全Units 1314 人教版英语一轮复习人教版英语一轮复习 二、词汇拓展二、词汇拓展 目录目录 三、重点短语三、重点短语 四、重点句型四、重点句型 五、熟词生义五、熟词生义 六、考点清单六、考点清单 七、语法复习七、语法复习 八、写作复习八、写作复习 一、重点单词一、重点单词 一、重点单词一、重点单词 1.乱扔乱扔 v垃圾垃圾n. _ 2.底部；最下部底部；最下部n. _ 3.煤；煤块煤；煤块 n. _ 4.丑陋的；难看的丑陋的；难看的 adj. _ 5.塑料的塑料的 adj.塑料塑料n. _ 6.残酷的；残忍的残酷的；残忍的 adj. _ 7.工业；行业工业；行业 n. _ 8.法律

2、；法规法律；法规 n. _ 9.买得起买得起 v. _ 10.回收利用回收利用v_ 11.大门大门 n. _ 12.瓶子瓶子 n. _ 13.负责人负责人;总统总统 n_ 14.金属金属 n. _ 15.调查调查 n. _ 16.标准；水平标准；水平 n._ litter bottom coal ugly plastic cruel industry law afford recycle gate bottle president metal survey standard 17.键盘键盘 n_ 18.方法；措施方法；措施 n. _ 19.加倍加倍v.两倍的两倍的 adj. _ 20.级别级别

3、(或地位或地位)高的高的 adj. _ 21.水平水平 n. _ 22.(大学大学)学位学位;程度程度 n_ 23.渴望的渴望的;口渴的口渴的 adj._ 24.任务；工作任务；工作 n. _ 25.向前面；在前面向前面；在前面 adv. _ 26.分离的分离的 adj.分开分开v. _ 27.翅膀；翼翅膀；翼 n. _ 28.渔民；钓鱼的人渔民；钓鱼的人n._ 29.木制的；木头的木制的；木头的adj._ 30.(音乐、艺术音乐、艺术)作品作品n._ 31.体贴人的体贴人的adj._ 32.感谢；感激感谢；感激adj._ keyboard method double senior level

4、 degree thirsty task ahead separate wing fisherman wooden work caring thankful 二、词汇拓展二、词汇拓展 1.fisherman (n.) . . (复数复数) 2.advantage (n.) . . (n.)缺点缺点 3.cost (v.) . . (过去式过去式/过去分词过去分词)花费花费 4.harmful (adj.) . . (n.)伤害伤害 5.scientific (adj.) . . (n.)科学科学 . . (n.)科学家科学家 6.reusable (adj.) . . (adj.)可用的可用的

5、 . . (v.)再次使用再次使用 7.instruction (n.) . . (v.)指示指示 fishermen disadvantage cost harm science scientist useable reuse instruct 8.shall (aux v) . . (过去式过去式)将要将要；将会将会 9.overcome (v.) . . (过去式过去式) . . (过去分词过去分词)克服克服；战胜战胜 10.graduate (v.) . . (n.)毕业毕业 11.caring (adj.) . . (v.)在意在意；担忧担忧；关心关心 . . (adj.)小心的小心

6、的；细致的细致的；精心的精心的；慎重的慎重的 12.gentleman (n.) . . (复数复数) 13.congratulate (v.) . . (n.)祝贺祝贺 14.thankful (adj.) . . (v.)感谢感谢；谢谢谢谢 15.wooden (adj.) . . (n.)木；木头木；木头 16.law (n.) . . (n.)律师律师 should overcame overcome graduation care careful gentlemen congratulation thank wood lawyer 三、重点短语三、重点短语 1.对对有害有害 . 2.

7、在在顶部或顶端顶部或顶端 . 3.食物链食物链 . 4.参加参加 . 5.关掉关掉 . 6.付费；付出代价付费；付出代价 . 7.采取行动采取行动 . 8.扔掉；抛弃扔掉；抛弃 . 9.好好利用某物好好利用某物 . be harmful to at the top of the food chain take part in turn off pay for take action throw away put sth. to good use 10.拆下；摧毁拆下；摧毁 . 11.恢复；使想起；归还恢复；使想起；归还 . 12.连续几次地连续几次地 . 13.回首回首(往事往事)；回忆；回顾

8、；回忆；回顾 . 14.弄得一团糟弄得一团糟(一塌糊涂一塌糊涂) . 15.沉住气；保持冷静沉住气；保持冷静 . 16.(时间时间)逝去；过去逝去；过去 . 17.信任；信赖信任；信赖 . 18.首先首先 . 19.渴望；渴求渴望；渴求 . 20.对某人心存感激对某人心存感激 . pulldown bring back in a row look back at make a mess keep ones cool go by believe in first of all be thirsty for be thankful to sb 21.在在前面前面 _ 22.连同；除连同；除以外还以

9、外还 _ 23.对对有责任；负责任有责任；负责任_ 24.出发；启程出发；启程 _ 25.分离；隔开分离；隔开 _ 26.用用建造建造/制作制作 _ 27.翻转过来翻转过来 _ 28.到目前为止；迄今为止到目前为止；迄今为止 _ 29.对对产生影响产生影响 _ 30.展望未来展望未来 _ ahead of along with be responsible for set out separate from build/makeout of turn over so far make a difference to look ahead to future 四、重点句型四、重点句型 1. We

10、re _ to save the earth！ 我们尽力拯救地球！我们尽力拯救地球！2The river _ _ be so clean. 这条河过去很清澈。这条河过去很清澈。3The air is badly _空气污染很空气污染很 严重。严重。4No scientific studies _ _ that shark fins are good for health. 没有科学研究表明鲨鱼翅有益健康。没有科学研究表明鲨鱼翅有益健康。 have shown trying used to polluted 5We _ _ save the sharks. 我们应该帮助拯救鲨鱼。我们应该帮助拯救

11、鲨鱼。6I remember _ all of you in Grade 7. 我记得在七年级见过你们所有人。我记得在七年级见过你们所有人。7_ _ your plans for next year？ 你明年有什么计划？你明年有什么计划？8_ do you _ about Grade 8？ 关于八年级你记得什么？关于八年级你记得什么？ What remember should help meeting What are 五、熟词生义五、熟词生义 1. litter (v.)A. 乱扔乱扔 B. 使乱七八糟使乱七八糟 (n.)C. 垃圾；废弃物垃圾；废弃物 (1)Books and newspa

12、pers littered the floor. _ (2)The floor was littered with paper. _ B A 2. cost (n.) A. 价钱价钱，花费花费 B. 成本成本 C. 代价代价，损失损失 (v.)D. 花费花费 E. 使丧失；使损失使丧失；使损失 (1)She saved him from the fire but at the cost of her own life. _ (2)They will help the factory to cut the cost. _ (3)That one mistake almost cost him h

13、is life. _ C B E 3. standard (n.)A. 标准；水平标准；水平 B. 道德水准道德水准 (adj.)C. 标准的标准的 (1)Televisions are a standard feature in most hotel rooms. _ (2)My father has always had high moral(道德道德) standards. _ C B 4. instruction (n.)A. 指示；命令指示；命令 B. 用法说明；操作指南用法说明；操作指南 (1)We often add “Please” in a sentence to make

14、an instruction more polite. _ (2)Please read the instructions before you start the machine. _ A B 5. level (n.) A. 水平水平 B. 数量；程度数量；程度 C. 楼层楼层 (v.)D. 使平坦；使平整使平坦；使平整 (adj.)E. 平坦的平坦的 (1)Our rooms are on the same level of this building._ (2)The floor will need to be leveled first. _ (3)It is a test that

15、 examines the level of alcohol in the blood. _ (4)The buildings are all built on the level ground. _ C D B E 六、考点清单六、考点清单 1. afford的用法的用法 1.afford意为意为“买得起买得起,(经济上经济上)担负得起担负得起”时时,后面直接接名词或动词不定式作宾语后面直接接名词或动词不定式作宾语, 常和情态动词常和情态动词can 或或 be able to 连用。连用。 e.g. He can afford the apartment. We cant afford to

16、 buy such an expensive car. 2.afford意为意为“抽出抽出;放弃放弃;丢下丢下”时时,后面直接接表示时间的名词作宾语。后面直接接表示时间的名词作宾语。 e.g. I cant afford an hour for lunch. I cant afford three weeks away from work. 3.afford意为意为“提供提供;给予给予”时时,可以接双宾语。常用短语可以接双宾语。常用短语afford sb. sth.=afford sth. to sb.“给某人提供某物给某人提供某物”。 e.g. Can you afford me a job

17、 when I get there? 注意：注意：(1)他买不起汽车。他买不起汽车。 误误:He doesnt afford (to have) a car. 正正:He cant afford (to have) a car. 析析:afford通常与通常与can,be able to 连用。连用。 (2)那样的东西许多人可以买得起。那样的东西许多人可以买得起。 误误:Such things can be afforded by many people. 正正:Many people can afford such things. 析析:afford不能用于被动语态。不能用于被动语态。 (3

18、)我想请人把我的汽车修一下我想请人把我的汽车修一下,因为我买不起新车。因为我买不起新车。 误误:I want to get my car repaired because I cant afford the money for a new one. 正正:I want to get my car repaired because I cant afford ( to buy ) a new one. 析析:afford可用于金钱方面可用于金钱方面,但通常不直接以金钱作宾语。但通常不直接以金钱作宾语。 1. I am afraid we can not to take a taxi. Lets

19、go by underground instead. A.refuse B.afford C.forget D.fall 2. (2020自贡自贡)Most of us cant a_ to buy the car, for it costs a lot of money. 练一练练一练 fford 2. forget的用法的用法 forget/remember to do sth.忘记忘记/记得去做某事（没做）记得去做某事（没做） forget/remember doing sth.忘记忘记/记得做了某事（已做）记得做了某事（已做） 辨析辨析forget和和leave forget表示忘记曾

20、经见过某人表示忘记曾经见过某人,或曾经做过某事或曾经做过某事; leave表示将某物落在某处。表示将某物落在某处。 e.g. Who could forget his speech at last years party? Ive left my book at home. 1. (2020内江内江) Dont forget_ off the lights when you leave the classroom. OK. Ill do that. A. turn B. turns C. turning D. to turn 2. (2020黄石黄石)你房间的灯还亮着。你离开之前不要忘记把它们

21、关掉。你房间的灯还亮着。你离开之前不要忘记把它们关掉。 The lights in your room are still on. Dont forget _ _ _ _ before you leave. to turn them off 练一练练一练 3. 辨析辨析separate和和divide 1.separate常与常与from连用连用,separate.from.表示表示“将将与与分开分开”, 指把原来连在一起或接近的部分分隔开来指把原来连在一起或接近的部分分隔开来,被分隔的对象没有任何统被分隔的对象没有任何统 一性。一性。 e.g. This patient should be

22、separated from the others. The two countries are separated by a river. 2.divide常与常与into连用连用,divide.into.表示表示“把把分成分成”,往往是指往往是指 把某个整体分割为若干部分把某个整体分割为若干部分,被分开的对象在一定的条件下具有一定被分开的对象在一定的条件下具有一定 的统一性。的统一性。 e.g. The cake is too large.We shall have to divide it. A year is divided into four seasons. 1. (2020绥化绥

23、化)To keep players safe,policemen them from crazy fans. A.connect B.separate C.divide D.leave 2. Please _ (分开分开) the children into three groups. divide 练一练练一练 4. look like的用法的用法 1. look like意为意为“看起来与看起来与(某人或某物某人或某物)相像相像,相似相似”。 e.g. He looks like a doctor. These houses look like each other,which makes

24、 the street look very dull. 2. look like意为意为“很可能出现或引起很可能出现或引起(某事某事)”。 e.g. It looks like rain. Lets start for home. 辨析辨析look like,be like和和take after (1)look like表示表示“看上去像看上去像”,既可指人也可指物既可指人也可指物,通常指外表长相。通常指外表长相。 e.g. The man looks like our headmaster. The photo doesnt look like her at all. (2)be like

25、表示表示“品德、相貌等像什么样品德、相貌等像什么样”,主要用于询问性格。主要用于询问性格。 e.g. What is he like? He is kind. (3)take after表示表示“长得像长得像;行为、性格等像行为、性格等像”,尤其指像自己的长辈尤其指像自己的长辈,多多 用在有血缘关系的亲人之间。用于外貌用在有血缘关系的亲人之间。用于外貌,也能用在性格、脾气这些内也能用在性格、脾气这些内 在特质上。在特质上。 e.g. Mary really takes after her mother. Though he his father,tall and thin,he his mot

26、her,quiet and smart. A.looks after;takes after B.looks like;takes like C.looks like;takes after D.looks after;takes like 练一练练一练 5. 辨析辨析at the end of,by the end of和和in the end 短语短语 含义含义 用法用法 例句例句 at the end of 在在尽尽 头头;在在 结束时结束时 可以指时间可以指时间,也也 可以指地点可以指地点 At the end of this road,there is a school. by th

27、e end of 到到底底 为止为止 通常指时间通常指时间,一一 般用于完成时般用于完成时 或将来时或将来时 We will build this bridge by the end of this year. in the end 最后最后;终于终于 相当于相当于finally In the end,we found the little boy in the park. How is your work going? It will be finished the end of this week. We must be on time. A.at B.in C.on D.for 练一练练

28、一练 6. set out的用法的用法 set out意为意为“动身动身,出发出发,启程启程”。常用搭配。常用搭配:set out on sth.“开始进行开始进行 新的或重要的事情新的或重要的事情”;set out/off to do sth.“开始做某事开始做某事”;set out/off for sp.“动身去某地动身去某地”。 e.g. Mary will set out for Nanjing tomorrow. =Mary will set off for Nanjing tomorrow. out短语小结短语小结 break out爆发爆发 bring out显现显现;生产生产(

29、 新产品新产品 ) carry out执行执行 come out出版出版;显露显露 cut out剪出剪出 find out查明查明 give out散发散发 hand out分发分发;散发散发 hang out在外闲逛在外闲逛 help out帮助摆脱困境帮助摆脱困境 get out摆脱摆脱;取出取出 lay out摆出来摆出来 look out当心当心;向外看向外看 make out辨认出辨认出;听出听出 put out熄灭熄灭;扑灭扑灭 run out跑出去跑出去;用完用完 sell out卖完卖完 take out拿出拿出;取出取出 turn out结果是结果是 work out解决解

30、决;计算出计算出 1. (2020长春长春) Look _ of the window. Its raining heavily. 2. (2020荆州荆州)Before asking someone for help, youd better _the right person for the problem. 让其他人帮忙之前，你最好找到谁是解决问题的合适人员。（让其他人帮忙之前，你最好找到谁是解决问题的合适人员。（find） find out who is out 练一练练一练 意思及用法意思及用法 例句例句 是副词，不要把它误认为是名是副词，不要把它误认为是名 词，意为词，意为“在在前

31、面前面” Theres danger ahead. 主要用作状语，有时也用作后主要用作状语，有时也用作后 置定语或表语，意为置定语或表语，意为“前面，前面， 领先领先” The road ahead was full of sheep. Our team is ahead by three points. 常用搭配：常用搭配：ahead of指时间或空指时间或空 间的间的“在在之前之前”；go ahead表示同意或允许，意为表示同意或允许，意为“ 说吧；做吧说吧；做吧” He is always ahead of the age. He left one day ahead of me. Ma

32、y I start? Yes, go ahead. 7. ahead的用法的用法 1. “Work hard and there is a bright future _ you，” our teacher said. A. in front B. before of C. ahead of 2. Hi, Bruce. My eraser is missing. May I use yours? _. Here you are. I am not using it now. A. Of course not B. No way C. Go ahead 练一练练一练 8. cut down的用法

33、的用法 (1)cut down意为“减少”，是“动词副词”结构的短语，所接的意为“减少”，是“动词副词”结构的短语，所接的 宾语若为名词，宾语可位于宾语若为名词，宾语可位于down的前面或后面；若为代词，只能的前面或后面；若为代词，只能 位于位于down的前面。的前面。 e.g. Youd better cut the article down to about 2，000 words. (2)cut down还可表示“砍倒”。还可表示“砍倒”。 e.g. They cut down the big tree. (3)含有含有cut的短语：的短语： cut off 切断；切除切断；切除 cut

34、 into把把切成切成 cut up切碎切碎 cut in插队；插嘴插队；插嘴 1. (2020黄石黄石)Angela, I want to make Russian soup .Would you please tell me how? Im glad to. First, you need to_the vegetables and beef. A. cut up B. cut down C. cut off D. cut out 2.(2020长春长春) Sharing a problem is like _（cut）it in half. cutting 练一练练一练 9. be ha

35、rmful to的用法的用法 be harmful to意为“对意为“对有害”，相当于有害”，相当于do harm to或或be bad for。 e.g. Smoking is harmful to our health. Smoking does harm to our health. Smoking is bad for our health. Drinking too much _ your health. A. does harm to B. is harm to C. does harm for Dont eat too much sugar. Its _ to your teet

36、h. Ahelpful Bharmful Cfriendly 练一练练一练 10. “Its time to do sth.”句型句型 (1)Its time(for sb.) to do sth.表示“该表示“该(是某人是某人)做某事的时候了”。做某事的时候了”。 e.g. Tom, its time to get up. (2)Its time forn.(v.ing)意为“该做某事了，到了做某事的时间了”，意为“该做某事了，到了做某事的时间了”， 相当于“相当于“Its time to do sth.”。 e.g. Be quiet, everyone. Its time for cla

37、ss. (3)与与time相关的句型还有相关的句型还有Itsthe序数词序数词timeto do sth. 表示“某人第几次做某事”，可以与表示“某人第几次做某事”，可以与Itsthe序数词序数词timethat 从句互相转换。从句互相转换。 e.g. Its the first time for me to visit Disney land. I feel so excited. Its the first time that I visit Disney land. I feel so excited. Its time for me _ goodbye to my mother sch

38、ool. I will never forget all teachers love. Ato say Bsaying Csaid 练一练练一练 11. congratulate的用法的用法 (1)congratulate意为“祝贺”，通常用于“意为“祝贺”，通常用于“congratulate sb. on sth.”， 表示“为某事而祝贺某人”。表示“为某事而祝贺某人”。 e.g. She congratulated me warmly on my good exam results. (2)congratulation是是congratulate的名词形式，其复数形式常单独使用。的名词形式

39、，其复数形式常单独使用。 e.g. Ive got the first prize. Congratulations！ 12. set out的用法的用法 (1)set out意为“出发；启程”，其后常跟“意为“出发；启程”，其后常跟“for地点”，表示出发地点”，表示出发 去某地。去某地。 e.g. The army are about to set out. Lingling and I will set out for Hangzhou. (2)set out on sth.意为“开始进行新的或重要的事情”。意为“开始进行新的或重要的事情”。 e.g. When we set out o

40、n this project, we knew it would be difficult. (3)set out to do sth.意为“着手做某事”，相当于“意为“着手做某事”，相当于“set about doing sth.”。 e.g. At five in the morning, he set out to do his work. As soon as she got home, she set about preparing lunch. Jenny plans to _ to study English in America. Aset out Bset up Ctake

41、on 练一练练一练 一般过一般过 去时去时 主语主语 动词过动词过 去式去式 1.表示在过去某表示在过去某 一时刻或某一段一时刻或某一段 时间里发生的动时间里发生的动 作或存在的状态作或存在的状态 1.ago词组词组 2.yesterday 3.last词组词组 4.just now， in the past， in 1920等等 5.at the age of 6.one day， long long ago， once upon a time My father was very busy last month. Tom was ill last week. 2.表示过去经常表示过去经常

42、性或习惯性的动性或习惯性的动 作作 During the vacation，I often swam in the sea. 七、语法复习七、语法复习 七、语法复习七、语法复习 常考时态语态复习常考时态语态复习 一一 般般 将将 来来 时时 1.主语主语 will动词动词 原形原形 表示将要发生的动表示将要发生的动 作或状态；作或状态； 1.tomorrow，soon 2.next week/month (next系列系列) 3.in a week， in 2020， in一段时间一段时间 4.one day， in the(near)future The twins will go to the cinema with their parents tonight. 2.主语主语 am/is/are going to 动词原形动词原形 表示计划、打算做表示计划、打算做 某事，还可表示很某事，还可表示很 可能发生的或有迹可能发生的或有迹 象表明要发生的事象表明要发生的事 We are