2021年中考英语一轮复习知识梳理(人教新目标八下Units1—2导学案)含答案
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1、8 年级年级(下下) Units 12 导学案导学案 一、重点单词一、重点单词 1.问题;事情 n. _ 2.胃;腹部 n. _ 3.咽喉;喉咙 n_ 4.发烧 n. _ 5.咳嗽 n. 起跑;被取消;不工作;休息;不再供应”。 e.g. I have three days off next week. 2.作介词时,意为“从( 某处 )落下;离开;( 时空上 )离,距;去掉;戒除”。 e.g. There is a bathroom off the main bedroom. 3.作形容词时,意为“不新鲜;变质”。 e.g. The fish has gone off. off 短语小结 g
2、et off 下车 put off 推迟 show off 炫耀 fall off 从掉下 hurry off 匆匆离去 keep off 远离;不接近 ring off 挂断电话 pay off 付清 see off 送行 turn off 关闭;使厌烦 take off 起飞;脱掉( 衣服 ) give off 发出( 光、热、气味等 ) cut off 打断;切断;中断 go off 离开;闹钟响;爆炸 set off 出发;( 使 )开始;引起;点燃 drive off 赶走;击退;驾车离去;驶去 1). (2020 玉林) Eric, can you come back to my
3、birthday dinner on July 7th as usual? Sorry, I cant. The gaokao of this year is_ until that day because of the COVID-19. A. put up B. put off C. put on D. put down 2). (2020 荆州) What is it that smells so terrible, Ted? Im sorry I will _ my socks and put them in the washer. A. take off B. give out C.
4、 put up D. keep away 2. hit 的用法 作及物动词 意为“击;打;击中;到达”。常见用法:hit sb.on/in+身体部位+with sth.“用某 物打某人身体某部位”;hit+身体部位+on/against sth.“身体某部位碰或撞 在某物上”。常用句型:It hit sb.that“某人突然意识到”。 作不及物动词 意为“( 风暴、疾病等 )袭击;抨击;( 偶然 )碰上”。 作名词 意为“击;打;打击;轰动一时的人或事物”。 辨析 beat, knock 和 hit (1)beat 强调连续或反复地打或拍,因此像心脏跳动、打鼓、打拍子等之类具有连续性或反复性的
5、动作, 一般要用 beat。此外,它还有“殴打;打败”之意。 (2)knock 意为“敲;打;撞击”,一般指敲打并伴有响声,常与 at/on 连用。 (3)hit 指“打中;对准来打”,表示有意或无意地打或撞等,往往含有重重一击或用力敲打之意。 1). Mary hit Jack the head a book. A.at;with B.on;with C.on;by D.in;by 2). All of a sudden it Peter that he had forgotten his friends birthday. A.knocked B.happened C.beat D.hit
6、 3. lonely 和 alone 的用法 1).lonely 只能作形容词,表示人主观上感到“孤独的”,感情色彩浓厚;也可修饰地点,意为“荒凉的;偏僻 的”。 e.g. I feel lonely without my dog. Thats a lonely island. 2.alone 可用作副词,意为“单独地,独自地”,相当于 by oneself;也可用作形容词,意为“单独的,独自的”,表 示客观情况,此时只可作表语。 e.g. She lives alone in the village. He was alone in the middle of the hall. 1).(2
7、020 荆州) How are you getting on with your work? I cant do it _ any longer. Ill have to get help. A. hard B. quietly C. simply D. alone 2). She lived _ in a small village, but she didnt feel _ Alonely; lonely Balone; lonely Clonely; alone 4.辨析 raise 和 rise 辨析 含义及用法 示例 raise 使升高。强调“某人把某物举起来” raise the
8、glass 举杯 raise ones hand 举手 增加 raise salaries 提高薪资 筹集(资金);征集(人员) raise money 筹钱 raise an army 招兵 抚养,养育 raise pets 养宠物 rise 上升。强调“某人/某物自己站/升起来” The sun rises.太阳升起。 rose, risen The river rises.水位上涨。 增长 The price rises.价格上涨。 The price of vegetables so quickly these days. I dont think so. A.affords B.ri
9、ses C.improves D.raises 5. give up 的用法 give up 是动副结构短语,意为“放弃;戒除”,若接人称代词作其宾语,代词应位于词组中间;后接 V-ing 形 式作宾语。 e.g. You mustnt give up studying foreign languages for even a day. give 短语小结 give out 分发;散发 give away 赠送;捐赠 give in 屈服;让步 give back ( 归 )还;回报;恢复 (2020 云南)Dont _ our hopes. As long as we pull togeth
10、er, well make it. A. give up B. give out C. give back D. give away 6. 辨析 be/get used to (doing) sth. , used to do sth. 与 be used to do sth. 辨析 含义 用法 be/get used to (doing) sth. “习惯于做某事; 适应于做某事” 主语是人。 to 为介词, 后跟名词、 代词或动名词。 (beget/become) used to do sth. “过去常 常做某事” to 为不定式符号,后跟动词原形。 be used to do sth.
11、 “被用来做某事” 主语是物。to 为不定式符号,后跟动词原形。 (be used to do sth.be used for doing sth.) 1).(2020 甘肃)I_sleep very well, but then I started doing yoga and it really helps. A.didnt use to B.used to C.was used to D.wasnt used to 2).(2020 十堰)李梅很勤奋,她习惯于晨读。 Li Mei is hard-working and she _ morning reading. 7.“Whats th
12、e matter?”句型 (1)“Whats the matter?”可用于询问对方有什么问题或不顺心的事, 也可询问某物出了什么故障,后面可接“with sb./sth.”,表示“某人/某物怎么了”。 (2)matter 用作名词时,意为“问题;事情”;用作动词时,意为“要紧;关系重大”,主要用于疑问句或 否定句。 e.g. I have a matter to discuss with you. It doesnt matter. Whats the matter with your brother? (2020 新疆)Pay no attention to those who laugh
13、 at you. What most _is how you see yourself. A. drinks B. matters C. cares D. minds 8. mean(meant,meant)打算;意欲 e.g. My new job means traveling around the world. I mean you to work as our spokesman. I mean that we have to leave early. 9. difficulty 的用法 (1)difficulty 是 difficult 的名词形式,意为“困难;难题”。 (2)hav
14、e difficulty (in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”,difficulty 前可以加形容词,如 great。 e.g. They had great difficulty (in) finding you. Im Daisy, not Jessie. Sorry. I have difficulty _ peoples name. Aremembering Bremember Cto remember 10. imagine 的用法 11. lie 的用法 辨析 lie 和 lay 词汇 词义 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 lie 躺;位于 lay lain lying li
15、e 说谎,撒谎 lied lied lying lay 放置;产卵 laid laid laying 口诀记忆口诀记忆 规则的说谎( 规则动词 lieliedlied ), 不规则的躺( 不规则动词 lielaylain ), 躺过就下蛋( 躺的过去式是下蛋的原形 ), 下蛋说付钱( lay, say, pay 的过去式和过去分词构成规律相同 )。 1). (2020 桂林)Diana is_(躺,平躺)in the sun at this moment. 2.The hens 50 eggs last week,but this week they arent . A.lay;lying B
16、.laid;laying C.lay;laying D.lied;lying 3.The girl on the ground to me that she had_ the wallet on the desk. A.lying;lay;laid B.lying;lied;laid C.lie;lied;lay D.lay;lied;lain 12. 辨析 sick 与 ill 单词 用法 例句 sick 既可放 be (系动词)后作表语, 也可放名词前 作定语。sick person patient 病人。常用短 语:be sick of讨厌;厌恶 She is looking after
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