2021年中考英语一轮复习知识梳理（人教新目标九全Units1—2导学案）含答案

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1、9 年级年级 Units 12 导学案导学案 一、重点单词一、重点单词 1.交谈；谈话 n. _ 2.句子 n_ 3.有耐心的 adj.病人 n. _ 4.秘密 n秘密的 adj. _ 5.重复；重做 v_ 6.物理；物理学 n_ 7.化学 n_ 8.增加；增长 v. _ 9.速度 n._ 10.搭档；同伴 n._ 11.能力；才能 n. _ 12.大脑 n. _ 13.活跃的；积极的 adj. _ 14.注意；关注 n. _ 15.(使)连接 v. _ 16.回顾；复习 v. 靠;通过”。常用短语:by oneself“独自”。 e.g. They can read by touch. By

2、 getting up early,I can have an hour for reading English in the morning. 2).表示位置,意为“在旁;靠近”。 e.g. Our teacher is sitting by the window. 3).表示时间,意为“不迟于;在之前”,相当于 not later than。 e.g. I shall be back by 5 oclock. 4).表示动作执行者,主要用于被动语态,意为“被;由”。 e.g. This bridge was built by the soldiers. 5).表示某种交通方式,后直接接名词

3、,名词前不加冠词,意为“乘;坐”。 e.g. They went to Shanghai by air. 辨析 by, with, in 和 through 介词 by, with, in 和 through 均可以表示“通过;用”,但在用法上有所区别。 (1)“by+名词”表示“通过;用”,强调方式或手段。 e.g. He moved the huge stone by hand. (2)“with+名词”表示“用(具体的有形的工具);以(材料);用(材料)来填充;带有”。 e.g. We see with our eyes and hear with our ears. (3)“in+名词

4、”表示“用方式;用原料;用(语言、语调、笔墨、颜色等)”。 e.g. Listen!Theyre talking in English. (4)“through+名词”表示“通过某种方式;由于某种理由”,多强调作用或原因。 e.g. You can achieve success only through your hard work. 练一练 1).(2020 黄石)More and more people in Huangshi choose to go to work _bike. A. in B. with C. on D. by 2).(2020 邵阳)How do you stud

5、y for a test, Annie? I study _working with a group. A. by B. with C. in 2. afraid 的用法 1).be afraid to do sth.“害怕去做某事”。 e.g. Im afraid to go out alone at night. 2).be afraid of sth./sb.“害怕某物/某人”。 e.g. Many children are afraid of darkness. 3).be afraid of doing sth.“担心会发生某事”。 e.g. Im afraid of falling

6、 into the swimming pool. 4).be afraid (that)“担心”。Im afraid.“恐怕”,是口语中常见的一种固定搭配,相当于 I m sorry to say,表示遗憾或惋惜。 e.g. The little girl was afraid that she would leave her friends. Im afraid I cant help you. 注意： 在口语中,I m afraid 之后可以用 so 或 not 来表示省略,指代上文提到的内容。 I m afraid so. “恐 怕是这样的”。Im afraid not.“恐怕不是”。

7、练一练 (2020 阜新)一 Its raining hard. Would you please lend me your umbrella? 一_ . Ive lent it to Peter. A. I dont think so B. I cant agree more C. Im afraid I cant D. I havent decided yet 3. die 的用法 1).die 作动词,意为 “死亡” ,为非延续性动词,后面不能接表示一段时间的时间状语。 其名词形式为 death, 形容词形式有两种:dying 意为“垂死的”;dead 意为“死的;失去生命的”。 2).

8、当用于现在时与表示一段时间的时间状语连用时,用 be dead 表示状态。 练一练 His grandmother for six years.And he still misses her very much. A.died B.has died C.has been dead D.has been died 4. warn 的用法 用法 含义 例句 warn sb.(not) to do sth. 警告某人(不要)做某事 Doctor warned people not to smoke. warn sb.of/about sth. 提醒/警告某人注意某事 I had warned you

9、 of the danger. warn sb.against (doing) sth. 提醒/告诫某人不要(做)某 事 They warned him against swimming in the river. warn (sb.)that. 警告(某人) The weather station warned that a storm was coming. 练一练 1). The policeman the man not to drive after drinking. A.warned B.allowed C.helped D.noticed 2). Mom warns me _ m

10、y bad habit again and Ill have to change myself. A. of B. for C. to 5. look up 的用法 look up 意为“查阅;抬头看;仰视”,为动副结构,当代词宾格作宾语时,放在 look 和 up 之间。 e.g. The boy looked up and saw the monkey in the tree. When you dont know the meaning of a word,you can look it up in your dictionary. look 短语小结 look down 向下看 loo

11、k up to 钦佩;羡慕 look down upon/on 轻视;看不起 look for 寻找 look after 照顾 look like 看起来像 look out 向外看;小心 look back at 回首 look forward to 期待 练一练 The traveler his map to make sure he was not lost. A.looked after B.looked up C.looked for D.looked down 6. put on 的用法 put on 意为“穿上;增加;上演;举办;展出;使运转”等。 e.g. She put o

12、n her coat and went out. The band is hoping to put on a show before the end of the year. I can eat what I want, but I never put on weight. put 短语小结 put forward 提出 put in 插话;安装 put off 推迟 put out 伸出;熄灭 put through 完成 put together 组装 put up 举起;张贴 put up with 容忍 put away 收起来 put down 记下;写下 put.into.把翻译

13、成 练一练 1).(2020 玉林)Eric, can you come back to my birthday dinner on July 7th as usual? Sorry, I cant. The gaokao of this year is_ until that day because of the COVID-19. A. put up B. put off C. put on D. put down 2).(2020 抚顺)Dont _ what should be done today till tomorrow. A. put off B. cut off C. tak

14、e off D. turn off 7. treat 的用法 词性 含义 常用搭配/例句 动词 对待 treat.as. 将当作 treat sb. with sth. 以某种方式对待某人 款待，请客 treat sb. to sth. 用某物招待某人 治疗 treat the disease 治疗疾病 名词 款待;招待(不可数) be ones treat 某人请客 e.g. If I win the game, I will treat all of you to dinner. 8. patient 的用法 (1)patient 作名词时意为“病人”。 (2)patient 作形容词时意

15、为“有耐心的”，be patient with sb.意为“对某人有耐心”。 e.g. The doctor is very patient with his patients. 练一练 (2020 镇江)My English teacher is a_ lady and she often corrects my pronunciation again and again. A. patient B. creative C. modest D. curious 9. pay attention to 的用法 pay (more) attention to 意为“(更加)注意；(更加)关注”，

16、to 为介词，后跟名词、代词或动词ing 形式 作宾语。 e.g. We must pay attention to protecting the environment. 练一练 What did Alice say just now? Sorry, I didnt _ what she said. Alook forward to Bpay attention to Cget on with 10. similar 的用法 (be) similar to 意为“与相似”，既可跟人作宾语，也可跟物作宾语。 e.g. His work experiences were similar to m

17、ine. Wasps look similar to bees. (2)(be) similar with 意为“与相似”，只跟人作宾语。 e.g. I have no similar with Tom. 11. increase 的用法 短语 意思 例句 increase by倍 数或百分数 增加了倍；增加了 百分之 Compared with last year, our coal output has increased by three times. increase to具 体增长后的数字 增加到了 Our coal output has increased to 6 million

18、 tons this year. 拓展:表示“在方面增长”时，介词用 in。 e.g. It has increased by 30 percent in price. 辨析 increase 与 add 练一练 1). (2020 抚顺)Developing good reading habits can _ our reading speed. A. review B. receive C. spread D. increase 2).令我们惊讶的是，上个月我们厂的产量仅增加了百分之二。(根据汉语意思完成句子) To our surprise, the production of our

19、factory only _ 2% last month. 12. tooto用法 tooto意为“太而不能”，表达否定意义。too 后接形容词或副词的原级，to 为动词不定 式符号，其后接动词原形。当动词不定式所发出的动作的执行者与整个句子的主语不同时，需要在动 词不定式前加上一个逻辑主语 (for sb.)。 e.g. He is too young to join the army. The math problem is too difficult for me to work out. 注意: too 前面含有表示否定意义的词(not, never, nothing 等)，tooto

20、结构不表示否定意义。 e.g. One is never too old to learn. 拓展: (1)tooto可与 sothat 引导的结果状语从句进行同义句的转换。 e.g. The lady was so happy that she couldnt say a word. The lady was too happy to say a word. 例词 意思及用法 increase 意为“增长”，指自身数量、重量、价值、程度、力量等增加 add 意为“把加进去”，指将某物加在另一物上，使之在数量、体积、重要 性等方面有所增加 (2)将 tooto结构转换为enough to结构时

21、要注意： enough 前的形容词或副词须是 too 前面形容词或副词的反义词； enough to 句式须用否定式； tooto结构有逻辑主语时，enough to结构也要加上逻辑主语。 e.g. She is too young to go to the work. She isnt old enough to go to work. 练一练 1). She is _ poor _ afford the expensive suit. A. so; that B. enough; to C. too; to 2). The students in our school are polite

22、. They never push in before others.(合并为一句) The students in our school are polite push in before others. 3). 听到这个结果，朱莉激动得说不出话来了。(汉译英) _ 13. the比较级，the比较级的用法 “the比较级，the比较级”意为“越，越”，表示一方的程度随着另一方的变 化而变化，这是一个复合句，前面的句子是状语从句，后面的句子是主句。 e.g. The more I read the book，the more I liked it. 练一练 (2020 百色) _you st

23、udy, the better grades you will get. A. Hard B. Harder C. The harder D. The hardest 14. end 的用法 练一练 1). How is your work going? It will be finished _ the end of this week. We must be on time. A. at B. in C. on 2). The boats take different routes, but they all _ in the same place. A. give up B. clear

24、 up C. end up 七、语法复习：七、语法复习： 1.宾语从句 在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。关于宾语从句,考生需掌握三个要点。 1).引导词: (1)当陈述句充当宾语从句时,从句用 that 引导,that 在句中无实际意义,常省略。 e.g. I think (that) he is right. (2)当特殊疑问句作宾语从句时,引导词由原来的特殊疑问词来充当,引导词有意义,不能省略。 从句的语 序要用陈述句语序,句末的标点符号由主句决定。常用的特殊疑问词有 when, why, how, where, who, whom, whose, which, what 等。 e.g

25、. He asks how they can get to school. (3)当一般疑问句充当宾语从句时,从句用 if 或 whether 引导,意为“是否,能否”。 e.g. Do you know if/whether the train will arrive on time? 2).语序:陈述句语序。 3).时态: (1)主句是一般现在时或一般将来时时,从句时态不受主句时态的影响,根据实际情况而定。 e.g. I know that she will leave China tomorrow. (2)主句是一般过去时,从句时态要用相应的过去时态。 e.g. She didnt te

26、ll us where she lived. (3)主句是一般过去时,但从句描述的是客观真理、自然现象、事实等,则从句仍然用一般现在时。 e.g. He said that the sun rises in the east. 若主句的谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose, guess 等词,且主句的主语是第一、 三人称时,如果从句表示 否定意义,一般要将否定词 not 移至主句谓语动词前,而将从句谓语动词改为肯定形式,即否定转移。 e.g. I dont think he has time to come to the party. 练一练 1).(2020 玉林)Co

27、uld you please tell me_? At the supermarket across from our school. A. where can I buy some masks(口罩) B. when I can buy some masks C. when can I buy some masks D. where I can buy some masks 2).(2020 海南)Excuse me, could you please tell me _? Its not far from here. I can walk with you. A. how can I ge

28、t to Xinhua Bookstore B. how I can get to Xinhua Bookstore C. how could I get to Xinhua Bookstore 3).(2020 黄石)Im planning a trip to the National Mining Park（国家矿山公园） tomorrow, but still cant decide _. How about driving? A. how Im going B. where Im going C. when Im going D. who Im going with 2.what 引导

29、的感叹句 2.what 引导的感叹句结构:What+a(n)+adj.+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)!/What+adj.+可数名词复数/不可 数名词(+主语+谓语)! e.g. What an interesting book (it is)! What beautiful flowers (they are)! What terrible weather (it is) today! 练一练 1). (2020 长春)_interesting movie it is! I really love it. A. What B. What an C. How D. What a 2). (20

30、20 抚顺)Look! The children are playing in the swimming pool. _great fun they are having! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 八、写作复习：八、写作复习：语言学习 写作指导写作指导 此话题与考生学习息息相关,考生可根据自己的学习经验,从听说读写等方面给出某种语言的学习方法。 另外,可强调练习和使用在语言学习中的重要性。 重点词汇重点词汇 practice 练习 communicate 交流 improve 提高 confident 自信的 shy 害羞的 nervous 紧张的

31、give up 放弃 take notes 记笔记 as often as possible 尽可能经常地 think by oneself 独立思考 pay attention to 注意 make good use of time 充分利用时间 提分句型提分句型 You can learn English by keeping a dairy in English. The more you practice,the fewer mistakes you will make. You should study hard and never give up. Whether you can

32、learn it well depends on your learning habits. Joining an English club can help you find partners to practice English with. 优秀范文优秀范文 Topic Today ABC English 校园版邀你投稿！My English Study Plan 假如你是李明，打算向 ABC English 投稿，谈你的英语学习计划。请根据以下内容提示用英语完成稿 件。内容要点如下： 1.时常阅读，培养良好语感； 2.看英文影片，了解西方文化； 3.坚持写英文日记，提高写作技巧； 4.

33、向他人学习，改进学习方法； 5.补充一两点个人想法。 注意： 1.文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称； 2.词数：60-80； 3.内容连贯，不要逐条翻译； 4.标题和开头己给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：develop v.培养 sense n.感觉 Western a.西方的 My English Study Plan I will put more time and energy into English study. I have made an English Study Plan. First, in order to cultivate a good sense of languag

34、e, I will do some reading as frequently as possible. Second, I will keep watching English movies and it is considered to be the best way to learn about Western culture. Third, I think keeping a diary in English is one of the effective ways to improve my English writing ability. Fourth, I will learn

35、from others and try my best to improve learning methods. Whats more, I will often practice my oral English and communicate with classmates in English. This is my English Study Plan, and I hope my English will be better. 针对训练针对训练 假如你是来自美国的留学生 Susan,你的中国朋友王红在学习英语方面遇到了困难,她记不住单词和句 型,也不敢用英语交流。请你给她写一封信,就如

36、何学习英语提一些建议。 Dear Wang Hong, I am sorry to hear you have some trouble in learning English._ _ _ _ _ _ _ Yours, Susan 答案 一、重点单词 1.交谈；谈话 n.conversation 2.句子 n.sentence 3.有耐心的 adj.病人 n. patient 4.秘密 n.秘密的 adj. secret 5.重复；重做 v.repeat 6.物理；物理学 n. physics 7.化学 n.chemistry 8.增加；增长 v.increase 9.速度 n. speed

37、10.搭档；同伴 n.partner 11.能力；才能 n.ability 12.大脑 n.brain 13.活跃的；积极的 adj.active 14.注意； 关注 n. attention 15.(使)连接 v.connect 16.回顾；复习 v.increased by 12.C;too.to;Julie was too excited to speak when/after she heard the result 13.C 14.AC 七、语法复习 1.DBA 2.BA 八、写作复习 Your problems are common to many of Chinese stude

38、nts. How to learn English well? Here are some of my suggestions. First, dont be shy. Communicate with others in English as often as you can. Second, you should do more listening, reading and writing. You can also improve your English by listening to English songs or watching English TV programs. In fact, the best way to learn a foreign language is to use it as often as possible.The more often you use it,the less you forget. Follow my advice! You are sure to learn English well.