湖南省长沙市2021年初中毕业学业考试模拟试卷（1）含答案

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1、1 长沙市长沙市 2021 年初中毕业学业考试模拟试卷年初中毕业学业考试模拟试卷 1 英英 语语 注意事项：注意事项： 1、答题前，请考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的姓名、准、答题前，请考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的姓名、准 考证号、考室和座位号；考证号、考室和座位号； 2、必须在答题卡上答题，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效；、必须在答题卡上答题，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效； 3、答题时，请考生注意各大题题号后面的答题提示；、答题时，请考生注意各大题题号后面的答题提示； 4、请勿折叠答题卡，保持字体工整、笔迹清晰、卡面清洁、请勿折叠答题卡，保持

2、字体工整、笔迹清晰、卡面清洁; 5、答题卡上不得使用涂改液、涂改胶和贴纸；、答题卡上不得使用涂改液、涂改胶和贴纸； 6、本学科试卷中听力材料以中速朗读两遍。、本学科试卷中听力材料以中速朗读两遍。 试卷分四个部分，试卷分四个部分，71 小题，时量小题，时量 120 分钟，满分分钟，满分 120 分。分。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 20 分）略 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Graduation Traditions in Foreign Countri

3、es Sweden High school graduates wear sea-captain (船长)-style hats. They begin singing as they make their way out of the school as a group. Outside of the school, their families hold large, embarrassing childhood photos of the graduates. The graduates then take trucks, waving (挥手) and celebrating the

4、day with the community. The Philippines Ceremonies usually take place in March or April. Graduation ceremonies are common for lower educational levels, including primary school. At many high schools, graduates wear flower rings. Students are required to wear only their school uniforms under their gr

5、aduation gowns(礼服). 21As graduates in Sweden go out of the school before celebrations, they will _. A. sing songs B. wear school uniforms C. wear flower rings 22From the chart (图表) above, we know that _. A. graduation ceremonies are held in May in the Philippines B. primary school students in the Ph

6、ilippines dont celebrate graduation C. in Sweden, students celebrate graduation with the community in trucks B 2 A Guide to the 2022 Winter Olympics The XXIV Olympic Winter Games will take place in China. Then, the host city Beijing will be the first city in the world to stage both Summer Olympics a

7、nd Winter Olympics. Date: 04 FEB - 20 FEB (the Chinese New Year falls in this period.) Mascot: A cheerful panda called Bing Dwen Dwen Emblem: Inspired by the Chinese character for “winter” It uses the same colors as the Olympic Rings. Motto: Joyful Rendezvous (约会) Upon Pure Ice and Snow Competition

8、Zones(区域): Beijing, Yanqing, Zhangjiakou Games: Ice Sports: Curling, Ice hockey, Skating Snow Sports: Biathlon, Luge, Bobsledding, Skiing 23The 24th Winter Olympics will last for _ days in total. A. 20 B. 17 C. 24 24If you go to the 2022 Winter Olympics, you can do the following things EXCEPT _. A.

9、experiencing the Chinese Spring Festival in Beijing B. enjoying 7 sports including 3 ice sports and 4 snow sports C. visiting 4 areas to watch the competitions 25The guide tells us that _. A. the mascot of the 2022 Winter Olympics is a Chinese character (文字) B. the emblem of the 2022 Winter Olympics

10、 has 4 main colors C. curling is one of the Winter Olympic sports played on the ice C As an engineer, Guillermo Martinezs job is to think out of the box. The 24-year-old bought his first 3D printer in 2017, and then started watching online videos to learn how to build robots and other things for fun

11、. Soon a video about making prosthetic (假体的) arms let his creativity flow. He started to make 3D-printed prosthetic arms for fun. “Then I thought to myself, what if I can do something for those people in need?” Guillermo got in touch with the NGO (非政府组织) Bamba Project to see if he could help anyone

12、there. To his surprise, tons of messages came in from people who needed prosthetics. In fact, many people who have lost their arms cant afford prosthetics at all. Though Guillermos prosthetics cost $ 50 to produce, he decided to give them away for free. Guillermo realized he had the power to change

13、their lives. “There are many everyday things we do in our daily lives that we take for granted,” he said. “And we dont realize how lucky we are and how bard others lives are.” Thats how his project Ay dame 3D came to be. Made of plastic, the 3D-printed arms help users to pick up and hold things weig

14、hing up to 22 pounds, making everyday tasks much easier. “I am able to take a fork with one hand and bread with the other,” one user in Kenya, Africa said. Guillermo has been working hard to make his prosthetics available to people around the world at no cost. So far, hes sent over 50 prosthetics to

15、 people in poor areas all over the world. Through his work, Guillermo has proven (证明) himself so much more than an engineer. Hes a leader, and most importantly, a hero to everyone he helps. 3 26Guillermo Martinez is _. A. a creative 3D printer engineer B. a 24-year-old online video maker C. a 3D-pri

16、nted prosthetic arm creator 27What does the underlined phrase “take for granted” mean in Paragraph 2? A. 觉得不可思议 B. 觉得理所当然 C. 觉得来之不易 28Whats Paragraph 2 mainly about? A. The reason why Guillermo set up Aydame 3D. B. The price of Guillermo Martinezs prosthetics. C. The situation of disabled people in

17、poor countries. 29Which of the following is NOT true? A. The 3D-printed arms are plastic and weighs 22 pounds. B. Users can use both hands with the help of the prosthetics. C. More than 50 prosthetics have been given to people for free up to now. 30We can infer (推断) from the last paragraph that _. A

18、. Guillermo is just a great inventor B. Guillermo is admired by people C. Guillermo leads people to prove themselves through their work D How many trees have you planted in Alipay Ant Forest? Ant Forest makes going green fun. Users are inspired to record their low-carbon footprint through daily acti

19、ons like walking, using public transportation, paying for electricity, heat and water bills online, booking tickets online or reducing (减少) the use of paper and plastic. For each action, they receive “green energy points”. Users can also collect others green energy and invite friends, relatives to p

20、lant trees together. When they accumulate a certain number of points, an actual tree is planted. Besides, users can view the trees they planted in real-time through satellite (卫星) map on the phone. Alipay Ant Forest has turned peoples energy-saving practice into real trees. It has achieved great suc

21、cess. Ant Forest has been given a 2019 Champions of the Earth prize, the UNs highest environmental honor, for encouraging more than half a billion people to stick to an eco-friendly and greener lifestyle. Since its beginning in August 2016, the company has planted almost 122 million trees which cove

22、r an area of 112, 000 hectares (公顷) in some of Chinas driest areas such as Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai and Shanxi. The “Great Green Wall” has prevented more than 7 million tons of carbon emissions (碳排放) from entering the atmosphere. “Ant Forest shows how technology can reshape our world,” says In

23、ger Andersen, director of the United Nations Environment Program. “Although the environmental challenges we face are serious, we have the technology and the knowledge to overcome them. It seems clear that all the Chinese people are now pulling together to create a greener world. So why not pick up y

24、our phone to enjoy the good experience of planting a tree? 31If you want to get more green energy points in Ant Forest, you could _. go to school on foot go out to buy a movie ticket drive to school 4 collect others green energy points shop with a cloth bag A. B. C. 32What does the underlined word “

25、accumulate” mean in Paragraph 2? A. 积累 B. 兑换 C. 减少 33Which of the following is NOT true about the achievement of Alipay Ant Forest? A. Ant Forest has won a UN environmental prize. B. There are now over 500 million users living a greener life through Ant Forest. C. It has planted around 122 million t

26、rees covering 4 wet provinces in China. 34According to Inger Andersen, _ can help us deal with environmental problems. A. challenges B. UN environmental programs C. technology 35The purpose of writing this text is probably to _. A. present the difference between Ant Forest and other apps on the phon

27、e B. encourage more people to plant trees in Ant Forest C. introduce how to use Ant Forest 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 Many students may get anxious (焦虑的) about taking exams. For some students, it is very stressful both for body and mind. 36. _. Make a plan for preparat

28、ion of exams. You are supposed to set preparation timetables as you count down to the exam day. Write down how much time you want to give to each subject. Besides, youd better set a doable, realistic goal for each day of your preparation. 37. _. Use your best methods to review. There are many useful

29、 ways to review the knowledge. Unless you prefer to study alone, 38. _. You can work together to solve hard problems and test one another. Making mind maps, short summaries (总结) and charts will really help you review the important knowledge. 39. _. Make sure you have enough space to spread your text

30、books and study material. A proper light, comfortable chair, and availability of pens, highlighters will make you more comfortable. On the other hand, try to keep yourself away from phones, computer games and so on. Look after yourself well. In order to let your brain and body work at its best, you

31、need to make sure to eat healthy food and keep drinking plenty of water throughout preparation. Try to avoid junk food and eat food like fish, yogurt, nuts, and blueberries that can improve your memory and energy level. As you know, learning for too long may make you tired and bored, 40. _. A. so yo

32、u need a 15-minute break every 45 minutes B. This will give you a sense of success C. Organize your study environment D. Here are some tips that can be helpful when you study for exams E. it will be suitable for you to start a study group 5 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分 35 分） 第一节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短

33、文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选 项。 In the US, students can skip (跳过) school and go to 41 with their parents on the fourth Thursday in April each year. They will be making copies, sending newspapers and cleaning the yards. This is because the day is Take Our Sons and Daughters to Work Day all o

34、ver the US. This holiday tells kids what it 42 to be a grown-up in the working world. I still remember this holiday in my memory when I was 10. When this day started, I was very excited. Not only did I have the chance to miss school, but I also got to sit in my dads taxi all day long. Besides, we co

35、uld go to a restaurant for lunch. But after only 20 minutes of driving around the city, I began to feel 43 . I couldnt read my book in the car as I would get car-sick. And my dad refused to 44 the radio as it might be too noisy. Soon I got hot and uncomfortable. People wouldnt get into his taxi beca

36、use they thought he already had a 45 me. So nothing happened. It seemed like years 46 we got to a restaurant for lunch. At that moment, I actually started to 47 school. While the meaning of the day is to give kids a chance to 48 real-life jobs, and give them an idea of the possibilities for their fu

37、ture, I got something completely 49 from the day. I learned to value school. Where else can you play with your friends, do science experiments (实 验), read great books and write stories all in one day? Just as you will have to learn to love your job later in life, learn to love school now. If you don

38、t, try 50 the day at work with your dad. 41A. study B. work C. play 42A. makes B. gives C. means 43A. excited B. relaxed C. bored 44A. turn down B. turn off C. turn on 45A. passenger B. driver C. patient 46A. when B. before C. after 47A. hate B. miss C. reach 48A. expect B. explain C. experience 49A

39、. similar B. different C. same 50A. spending B. taking C. costing 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There are four great inventions from ancient China. The compass is a great gift to the world. Before it was invented, sailors had to depend on the stars 51. _ (find) dire

40、ctions. After it was invented, the oceans were open to travel. Paper-making is one of the 52. _ (great) inventions. During the Western Han Dynasty, paper was made in some places in China. It was developed in 53. _ Eastern Han Dynasty by Cai Lun. He made paper with bark (树皮), old cloth 54. _ so on. I

41、t is said that in the third century a Chinese man 55. _ (write) about how to make gunpowder (火药). At first, it was used for making fireworks (烟花). At the end 56. _ the Tang Dynasty, people began to use it in wars. The way of 57. _ (make) it was brought to the Arab world and Europe in the 13th and 14

42、th 58. _ (century). Printing was developed in 1041-1048 in the Song Dynasty. A man 59. _ (name) Bi 6 Sheng carved characters (字符) on pieces of clay and wood. Then he put ink on them. After the characters 60. _ (print) on paper, the pieces of clay or wood could be used again. This technology then spr

43、ead to Korea, Japan and Europe. 第三节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。 Military training has long been considered a must for junior and senior high school students in China to start a new journey. 61. 因此这是学生在高中要学的第一堂课。For most students, military training is really an unforgettable experie

44、nce in their life. Are you looking forward to it in September this year? Lets learn more about military training. Chinese military training dates back to the Xia and Shang Dynasty. In the Shang Dynasty, wars often broke out. 62. To help people get well-prepared for the wars, the rulers thought highl

45、y of military training. Besides normal training, parents of the nobles (贵族) also provided military education for their children at all levels throughout school. Thats because the military training and military education had a great influence on their future life. But why do students today still have

46、 military training? Different schools may have different answers. 63. But what they have in common is to train both the students body and mind. The meaning of military training lies not only in the training itself, but also in the far-reaching influence. 64. Although very short, the army life experi

47、ence leaves new students with long-lasting memories. By going through this tough training, 65. 学生能学会与他人和睦相处并 快速习惯新的环境。 They will improve their willpower through such training. Then they can have a better understanding of the value of persistence (坚持) and develop patience and the spirit of hard work,

48、 as well as teamwork. 61 62 63 64 65 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 25 分） 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Ba duan jin is one of the most common forms of Chinese qigong used as exercise. It has a history of more than 800 years. It is believed that Chinese military general Yue Fei first created it to improve the health of his soldiers. There are 8 well