2021届内蒙古呼和浩特市高三年级质量普查调研考试英语试题（教师版含解析）

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1、2021 届呼和浩特市高三年级质量普查调研考试届呼和浩特市高三年级质量普查调研考试(11 月月) 英语英语 注意事项注意事项: 1.答卷前答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.选出每小题答案后选出每小题答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净用橡皮擦干净 后后, 再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上, 否则无效。本试卷满分否则无效。本试卷满分 120 分分, 考试时间考试时间 100 分钟。分钟。 一一. 阅

2、读理解阅读理解(共两节共两节, 满分满分 40 分分) 第一节第一节 (共共 15题题;每小题每小题 2 分分, 满分满分 30 分分) 阅读下列短文阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和和 D)中中, 选出最佳选项选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑。项涂黑。 A From virtual tours to e-learning tools, museums and art galleries have been sharing resources using digital platforms to continue to connec

3、t with the public, share collections and stories, and support those who are vulnerable(脆弱的)during closures and the COVID-19 crisis. Hastings Museum and Art Gallery Hastings Museum and Art Gallery is a family friendly museum in Hastings with a diverse collection of 97,000 objects of local history, fi

4、ne a d decorative arts and natural sciences. To deal with the COVID-19 outbreak, we have launched a digital museum via the Twitter hashtag #HastingsDigitalMuseum as well as via out Facebook and Instagram pages. The British Library Over the past two years, our imaging specialists have been trying to

5、digitise the globes, which form one of the most beautiful parts in the British Librarys vast maps collection. The virtual globes will be made available for up close interaction on the British Librarys website throughout 2020, with the first seven due for release on 26 March. Art UK Art UK is the onl

6、ine home for every public art collection in the UK. Art UK is a charity, which features almost digitised 250,000 artworks available online. Through our work, we make art available for everyone-for enjoyment, learning and research. From May we will offer users the opportunity to create and share albu

7、ms of artworks as well as”digital surrogate(替代的)exhibitions”. Leeds Art Gallery Online The displays at Leeds City Art Gallery have been selected by the staff to reflect the richness and variety of the collections. Established masterpieces are presented alongside lesser known works. It includes recen

8、t acquisitions and long term works from the collection. The collection is quite large-only a fraction(部分)is on display at any one time. When not on show, these may be seen by appointment at the Gallery. 1. Which is the most inviting to a geography lover? A. Hastings Museum and Art Gallery. B. The Br

9、itish Library. C. Art UK. D. Leeds Art Gallery Online. 2. What is special about Art UK? A. It is an ideal museum for a family. B. It has the largest collection of art works. C. It is a non-profit art learning service. D. It displays lesser known works besides famous ones. 3. What is the purpose of t

10、he text? A. To introduce virtual tours options. B. To inform readers of art events. C. To provide a cure for COVID-19. D. To popularise art knowledge to readers. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 【解析】 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了在疫情期间，利用数字平台提供虚拟旅游的几家博物馆和美术馆。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“in the British Librarys vast maps collection”可知，大英

11、图书馆里收藏着很多 地图，因此它对地理爱好者最有吸引力，故 B项正确。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Art UK is a charity, which features almost digitised 250,000 artworks available online.”可知，英国艺术协会是一个慈善机构，其特点是几乎有 25 万件数字化的艺术品可以在网上找到， 由此可知，英国艺术协会的特别之处在于它是一种非盈利的艺术学习服务，故 C 项正确。 【3 题详解】 推理判断题。 通读全文， 特别是根据第一段中的“From virtual tours to e-learning t

12、ools, museums and art galleries have been sharing resources using digital platforms”可知，从虚拟旅游到电子学习工具，博物馆和美术馆一直 在利用数字平台共享资源，由此可知，本文主要介绍的是在疫情期间，利用数字平台提供虚拟旅游的几家 博物馆和美术馆，因此，本文的目的是介绍虚拟旅游的几个选择，故 A项正确。 B I live in an area where most parents would rather cut back on personal hobbies for themselves than stop

13、paying for their childrens activities. Music lessons,horseback riding,summer camps,sports teamsthe list goes on and on. Often,so do the costs. And even if the money is not there,some parents find a way. I know people who have borrowed from family and run up their credit cards to pay for all the stuf

14、f they believe their children just cannot miss. “The experiences we thought kids had to have before high school has moved down to junior high and now elementary,” said William Doherty,a professor of family studies and director of the marriage and family therapy program at the University of Minnesota

15、. Soon,well be talking about leadership opportunities for babies.” Somehow,not offering our children every possible opportunity”feels like bad parenting,”said Wendy Mogel,a clinical psychologist. But in an effort to give their children everything. some parents end up not just using up financial reso

16、urces,but also their own emotional energy.“A lot of parents are exhausted by their own overparenting,”said Bryan Caplan,an economics professor at George Mason University.”They make so many sacrifices and are so stressed out by driving around so much that they explode at kids for changing the radio s

17、tation.” “Its easy to take a look at the more successful kids and assume that all the activities are why they are more successful,”Professor Caplan said. But research doesnt bear that out. On a recent National Public Radio program,Steven D. Levitt,a professor of economics at the University of Chicag

18、o,said he and another economist could find no evidence that that sort of parental choices could be correlated at all with academic success. 4. What can we infer from William Dohertys argument？ A. Kids need to experience so many activities at a young age. B. Kids should seize leadership opportunities

19、 when they were babies. C. Kids are taking part in extracurricular activities at a much younger age. D. Kids should take part in extracurricular activities before elementary school. 5. Why do parents offer their children so many lessons according to Wendy Mogel？ A. They want to show off their love t

20、o their children. B. They think that is the kind of life their children want to live. C. They want to be good parents and be responsible for their children. D. They believe the lessons can help their children achieve academic success. 6. What does the underlined phrase bear that out in the last para

21、graph mean？ A. Prove. B. Deny. C. Examine. D Understand. 7. What is the bad effect of offering children too many extracurricular activities？ A. The children may make no sacrifice. B. The parents may get extremely tired. C. The parents may ask too much of their children. D. The children may not be su

22、ccessful in the future. 【答案】4. C 5. C 6. A 7. B 【解析】 本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了大多数父母宁愿削减自己的爱好开支，也原因付钱让孩子们参加兴趣班。 许多父母认为必须给孩子提供一切的机会，尽最大可能为孩子的学习提供好的条件，只有做到这样，才算 是好父母，父母为孩子们付出精力和财力，导致自己精疲力尽，但是研究没有发现任何证据表明，父母的 这种选择与学业成就之间存在关联。 【4 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“The experiences we thought kids had to have before high school has m

23、oved down to junior high and now elementary,” said William Doherty,a professor of family studies and director of the marriage and family therapy program at the University of Minnesota.( 明尼苏达大学家庭研究教授、婚姻和家庭治疗项目负 责人威廉多尔蒂说： “我们认为孩子们在高中之前必须有的经历， 转移到了初中现在转移到了小学。 ”)” 可知，威廉多尔蒂认为，孩子从小学到高中，有很多事情是必须要经历的。但是现在的孩

24、子以更小的年 龄就经历以前初中生甚至高中生才经历的事情。因此推断出，C选项“Kids are taking part in extracurricular activities at a much younger age.(孩子们以更年轻的年龄参加一些课外活动)”符合题意。故选 C项。 【5 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Somehow,not offering our children every possible opportunity”feels like bad parenting,”said Wendy Mogel,a clinical psychologist.( 临床心理学家

25、 Wendy Mogel 说，不知何故，不给孩子提 供一切可能的机会“感觉像是不好的养育方式”。)”及第五段第一句“But in an effort to give their children everything. some parents end up not just using up financial resources,but also their own emotional energy. (但是为 了给孩子们一切。一些父母不仅耗尽了经济资源，还耗尽了自己的情感能量)”可知，Wendy Mogel 认为， 很多父母觉得必须给孩子提供一切的机会，尽最大可能为孩子的学习提供好的条件

26、，只有做到这样，才算 是好父母，才算为孩子尽到了责任。可推知，根据 Wendy Mogel 的观点，父母让孩子们学习这么多功课是 因为 C选项“They want to be good parents and be responsible for their children.(他们想做好父母，而且为孩子 负责)”符合题意，故选 C项。 【6 题详解】 词义猜测题。 根据划线词所在句前面的“Its easy to take a look at the more successful kids and assume that all the activities are why they are

27、 more successful.(看看那些更成功的孩子，认为所有的活动都是他们更成功的原因是 很容易的)”以及下文中“On a recent National Public Radio program,Steven D. Levitt,a professor of economics at the University of Chicago,said he and another economist could find no evidence that that sort of parental choices could be correlated at all with academi

28、c success.(在最近的一个全国公共广播节目中，芝加哥大学经济学教授 Steven 说， 他和另一位经济学家都没有发现任何证据表明， 父母的这种选择与学业成功相关。 )”可知， Caplan 教授认为学业上更加成功的孩子与他们参加课外活动有关，但是 Steven 和另一位经济学家都没有发现任何 证据表明，父母让孩子多参加活动与学业成功相关。由此推知，划线词所在句意为“但研究并没有证明这 一点。”，即划线词与 A选项“Prove (证明)”意思接近。故选 A 项。 【7 题详解】 细节理解题。 根据倒数第二段“But in an effort to give their children

29、everything. some parents end up not just using up financial resources,but also their own emotional energy.“A lot of parents are exhausted by their own overparenting,”said Bryan Caplan,an economics professor at George Mason University.”(但是为了给孩子们一切。 一些父母不仅耗尽了经济资源，还耗尽了自己的情感能量。“很多父母都因为自己的过度租房而筋疲力 尽，”布莱恩

30、卡普兰说。)”可知，给孩子们提供太多的课外活动带来的不好的影响是父母可能会非常疲 倦，因此 B选项“The parents may get extremely tired(父母可能会非常疲倦)”符合题意，故选 B项。 C Laura Sides was a psychology major at the University of Nottingham in 2004. She first noticed signs of her dads developing dementia(痴呆) when she moved to Nottingham. She said, Dad was a doc

31、tor, so he knew exactly what had happened to him, but people try to hide it when they are ill. Then, I came home for my 21st birthday and arranged to meet him, but he never appeared as hed forgotten. Thats when I knew something serious had happened. So, at the age of 21, she decided to leave univers

32、ity and look after him herself. She lived close by, popping in every day to make sure he was eating, and that the house was tidy, before heading off to her work. Sadly, in 2009, 5 years later, Laura lost her father. Before he died, Laura went to a hospital appointment with him, where doctors mention

33、ed that his form of Alzheimers disease was genetic meaning there was a fiftyfifty chance that she had inherited (遗传) it. For several years Laura agonised over whether to be tested, finally finding out in August 2017 that she has the APP gene, meaning that, like him, she will develop the condition wi

34、thin a decade. At first, she struggled, feeling as if her life lacked purpose. Then, during a sleepless night in the summer of 2018, she decided at around 2 a. m. to enter the 2019 London Marathon sponsored (赞助) by the charities Alzheimers Society and Alzheimers Research UK. She hoped to start the c

35、onversation around earlyonset Alzheimers disease and to encourage people to talk about it more openly. I remember when Dad was ill, people wouldnt know how to react, and it all felt very hidden away, but I want to be honest and open, she added, The more information we can get, the less of a taboo (忌

36、讳) this will feel. That said, the support Ive received so far after going public has been amazing thats what is carrying me through. 8. Laura noticed her fathers dementia when . A. her father told her his condition in person B people nearby informed her of his fathers condition C. her father forgot

37、his own birthday party D. her father forgot to attend her 21yearold birthday party 9. The underlined word agonised in Paragraph 3 probably means . A. excited B. struggled C. shocked D. delighted 10. Laura started the open talk in the hope of . A. getting people to talk about Alzheimers disease openl

38、y B. earning some money to help treat her Alzheimers disease C. making herself stronger to fight against Alzheimers disease D. raising funds for charities Alzheimers Society and Alzheimers disease Research U.K. 11. Which words can best describe Laura? A. Caring and positive. B. Careful and honest. C

39、. Patient and kind. D. Devoted and modest. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. A 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。Laura Sides 在读大学期间，父亲患上了阿兹海默症，她休学悉心照料父亲直到他去世； 后来她被医生告知她在十年后也会患上同样的病。短暂的痛苦之后，她便振作了起来，积极面对生活，参 加马拉松比赛，并进行阿兹海默症方面的公开对话，鼓励人们公开谈论这种疾病，而不是回避它。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Then, I came home for my 21st birthday and arranged to meet h

40、im, but he never appeared as hed forgotten. Thats when I knew something serious had happened. (然后，我回到家庆祝我的 21岁 生日，并安排见他，但他从未出现，因为他已经忘记了。就在那时，我知道发生了严重的事情。”)”可知 父亲忘记参加女儿的生日会，在那时 Laura 意识到父亲已患病，故选 D项。 【9 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据上文“where doctors mentioned that his form of Alzheimers disease was genetic meaning the

41、re was a fiftyfifty chance that she had inherited (遗传) it.( 医生提到他的阿尔茨海默病遗传意义有 55%的几 率)”结合画线词所在句的“whether to be tested(是否去检查一下)”可推知 agonised 的意思为“挣扎，苦 恼”，故选 B 项。 【10 题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“She hoped to start the conversation around earlyonset Alzheimers disease and to encourage people to talk about it mor

42、e openly.( 她希望开始讨论早期阿尔茨海默氏病并鼓励人们更公开地谈 论它。)”可知 Laura 公开谈论阿兹海默症是为了鼓励人们公开地谈论此病。故选 A项。 【11 题详解】 推理判断题。由第二段“So, at the age of 21, she decided to leave university and look after him herself.( 所以， 在她 21 岁的时候，她决定离开大学，自己照顾他。)”可知 Laura 在 21 岁时休学照顾生病的父亲。结合下 文医生给出诊断说 Laura10 年后也会患上阿兹海默症， 她还是能够积极地面对生活并且公开讨论阿兹海默症

43、 鼓励人们积极面对疾病，由此可知 Laura 是一个关心他人又积极向上的人。结合选项 A. Caring and positive 关心他人，积极向上的；B. Careful and honest 小心，诚实的；C. Patient and kind耐心善良的；D. Devoted and modest 忠诚谦虚的。故选 A项。 D Scientists may one day be able to destroy viruses in the same way that opera singers break wine glasses. New research mathematically

44、 determined the frequencies at which simple viruses could be shaken to death. The capsid (壳) of a virus is something like the shell of a turtle, said physicist Otto Sankey of Arizona State University. “If the shell can be damaged by mechanical vibrations (震动), the virus can be destroyed.” Recent exp

45、erimental evidence has shown that laser (激光) pulses with the right frequency can kill certain viruses. However, locating these resonant (共振的) frequencies is a bit of trial and error. Experiments must try various conditions, Sankey said. To further this search, Sankey and his student Eric Dykeman hav

46、e developed a way to calculate the vibrations of every atom in a virus shell. From this, they can determine the lowest resonant frequencies. An experiment has recently shown that pulses of laser light can cause destructive vibrations in virus shells. Sankey said, “Like pushing a child on a swing fro

47、m rest, one sudden push gets the virus shaking.” However, it is difficult to calculate what sort of push will kill a virus, since there can be millions of atoms in its shell structure. A direct calculation of each atoms movements would take several hundred thousand Gigabytes of computer memory, Sank

48、ey explained. The team plans to use their technique to study other, more complicated viruses. However, it is still a long way from using this to destroy the viruses in infected people. “This is such a new field, and there are so few experiments that the science has not yet had enough time to prove i

49、tself,” Sankey said. “We remain hopeful but remain skeptical at the same time.” 12. What is the new way to kill viruses? A. Replacing viruses capsids with shells. B. Breaking viruses capsids by vibration. C. Locating the position of certain viruses. D. Damaging the conditions that viruses like. 13. Why does Sankey mention “pushing a child on a swing” in Paragraph 4? A. To prove how sim