2021届河南省洛阳市高三上学期第一次统考英语试题（教师版含解析）

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1、 洛阳市洛阳市 20202021 学年高中三年级第一次统一考试学年高中三年级第一次统一考试 英语试卷英语试卷 注意事项：注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 如需改如需改 动，用橡皮擦干净后，在选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在动，用橡皮擦干净后，在选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在 答题卡上答题卡上,写在本写在本

2、试卷上无效。试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分第一部分 听力听力( (共两节，满分共两节，满分 30 分分) ) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答 案转涂案转涂 到答题卡上。到答题卡上。 第一节第一节( (共共 5 小题小题;每小题每小题 1.5 分，满分分，满分 7. 5分分) ) 听下面听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出

3、最佳三个选项中选出最佳 选项。选项。 听完每段对话后听完每段对话后,你都有你都有 1。 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。 每段对话。 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。 每段对话 仅读一遍。仅读一遍。 1. When will Lisa get to the airport? A. At 2: 00 pm. B. At 2： 20 pm. C. At 3： 00 pm. 2. Who will pay for the trip? A. The man. B. The woman. C. The company. 3. What is the man probably doing?

4、 A. Asking about a trip. B. Having a job interview. C. Talking to an American traveler. 4. Where was the woman before she was 10? A. In a city. B. In a village. C. In a town. 5. What keeps the man late? A. Being stuck in traffic B. Oversleeping. C. Forgetting the time. 第二节第二节( (共共 15 小题小题;每小题每小题 1.5

5、 分，满分分，满分 22. 5分分) ) 听下面听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选三个选 项中项中 选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完秒钟；听完 后后, 各小题将给出各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第听第 6 段材料，回答第段材料，回答第 6、7 题。题。 6. How did the man travel first

6、? A. By car. B. By bus. C. By taxi. 7. What did the man do after the old lady fell clown? A He gave the first aid. B. He called the emergency center. C. He drove the bus to hospital. 听第听第 7 段材料，回答第段材料，回答第 8、9 题。题。 8. When will the meeting be held? A. From 2： 30 pm to 3： 15 pm. B. From 2： 30 pm to 3-

7、 20 pm. C. From 2： 20 pm to 2： 35 pm. 9. In which room will the talk be given? A. Room 315. B. Room 310. C. Room 308. 听第听第 8 段材料，回答第段材料，回答第 10 至至 12 题。题。 10. What makes the woman satisfied? A. The size. B. The distance. C. The environment. 11. How many people live in the apartment? A. One. B. Two. C

8、. Three. 12. Where will the party be held? A. In a hotel. B. In the mans home. C. In the womans new apartment. 听第听第 9 段材料，回答第段材料，回答第 13 至至 16 题。题。 13. What is most probably the woman? A. A journalist. B. A cook. C. A business woman. 14. Why did the man decide to open a restaurant? A. He couldnt find

9、 work. B. He really loved cooking. C. He took his mothers advice. 15. What is the man going to do at the end of this year? A. Hire two waitresses and a cook. B. Open his second restaurant. C. Open his third restaurant. 16. What contributes to the mans success? A. Hard work. B. His high skills C. Fre

10、sh food. 听第听第 10 段材料，回答第段材料，回答第 17 至至 20 题。题。 17. What do we know about the speaker? A. Hes from Thailand. B. Hes a polo player. C. He owns an elephant. 18. What animals are usually used for polo matches in other countries? A. Elephants. B. Horses. C. Dogs. 19. How many people sit on an elephant dur

11、ing the match? A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. 20. When is the match usually held according to the speaker? A. In early September. B. In late October. C. In late November. 第二部分第二部分 阅读理解阅读理解( (共两节，满分共两节，满分 40 分分) ) 第一节第一节( (共共 15 小题小题;每小题每小题 2 分，满分分，满分 30 分分) ) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。四个

12、选项中，选出最佳选项。 A If youre lucky, when you look back at your school pictures over the years, youll have some that are cute, a few that are funny, and lots that make you smile. But no matter what, a great school picture is a reminder of who you were that year. Sarah Smith and Kelvin Miller are from Lifet

13、ouch, a photography company that has been taking school pictures for 80 years. Here, they share their top tips for taking a smile-worthy photo. You, your eyes, and your smile are the star of the show, not your clothes. So dont wear anything thats really busy-like a loud pattern or too bright shade t

14、hat will steal attention away from your face. Dont over-practice your smile. The longer a smile is on your face, the less authentic it is. Try thinking about something that makes you laugh maybe a joke or something silly a friend said to make your smile look sincere. Try not to get your hair cut les

15、s than a fortnight before a picture day. That way it will have grown out to look more natural. If you are feeling nervous or tense, try yawning. This will relax all the muscles in your body, helping you to feel and look a bit more natural. 1. Who are Sarah Smith and Kelvin Miller? A. Career consulta

16、nts. B. Experienced photographers. C. Post graduates. D. The authors schoolmates. 2. What kind of clothes is more suitable for school pictures? A. Shining. B. Colourful. C. Plain. D. Noticeable. 3. When are you advised to cut your hair? A. Two weeks earlier. B. On the picture day. C. Before ten days

17、 or so. D. At any time. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了 Sarah Smith 和 Kelvin Miller 两位摄影师就如何拍出令人满意的学校照片提出 的一些建议。 【1 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Sarah Smith and Kelvin Miller are from Lifetouch, a photography company that has been taking school pictures for 80 years. Here, they share their top tips for ta

18、king a smile-worthy photo.( Sarah Smith 和 Kelvin Miller来自 Lifetouch，这家摄影公司已经有 80 年的拍摄学校照片的历史。在这里，他们分享了拍 出一张令人满意的照片的重要技巧)”可推知，Sarah Smith 和 Kelvin Miller 是有经验的摄影师。故选 B。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。 根据第三段中“So dont wear anything thats really busy-like a loud pattern or too bright shade that will steal attention away

19、 from your face.(所以不要穿太花哨的衣服比如花哨的图案或者太亮的颜色那 会把人们的注意力从你的脸上转移开)”可知，朴素的衣服更适合拍学校照片。故选 C。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Try not to get your hair cut less than a fortnight before a picture day.(在拍照日 之前的两周内尽量不要剪头发)”可知，建议提前两周剪头发。故选 A。 B Last month our class project was to make a school newspaper. Our teacher divid

20、ed us into groups and each group was supposed to work on a column. I missed the first planning meeting because of a dentist appointment so my group filled me in the next day. “We decided to do a gossip column,” Emily informed me. “We take along our notebooks and pay extra-close attention to everythi

21、ng happening around us.” Austin read from his notebook: “James either has a cold or really bad allergies because hes been sneezing nonstop.” Jessia said, “Jackson is either going through a major growth spurt or getting ready to run a marathon because hes been eating two entire sandwiches for lunch.

22、This gossip-column was making me very uncomfortable. It was already spinning out of control. “Hold on,” I said, “Dont you think kids will feel embarrassed to have that stuff shared with the school?” Austin jumped in, saying that I had a point and the gossip-column idea was not that friendly. Then we

23、 thought about for a bit, and then Emily brightened. “What if we do a friendly gossip column instead? We can call it an op gop column!” And thats exactly what we did. The next day at school, we took out notebooks everywhere we went. But this time, we wrote down the good stuff we witnessed. Here are

24、a few snippets from the column we ended up publishing. Katie Myers was spotted picking up other peoples litter and throwing it into the garbage can without even being asked. Danny Gonzales was seen helping a second-grader get a kickball unstuck from a high-up, hard-to-reach place. And Soe Zaleski wa

25、s overheard very patiently explaining a maths problem to a very grateful somebody. 4. What did the authors team members do the day the project was announced? A. They were divided into three groups. B. They went to the dentists on schedule. C. They disused their topic with the author. D. They gathere

26、d information for their topic. 5. Which of the following can best describe the authors attitude to the gossip-column? A. Supportive. B. Indifferent. C. Opposed. D. Objective. 6. What does the underlined word “spurt” in the second paragraph most probably mean? A Age limit. B. Sudden increase. C. Inbo

27、rn disability. D. The highest height. 7. Whats the authors purpose in writing the passage? A. To call on people to spread peoples good deeds. B. To introduce the content of their op-gop column. C. To show people love to catch gossip news. D. To prove its easy to catch the gossip news. 【答案】4. D 5. C

28、6. B 7. A 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了作者和小组成员要为校报写一个专栏，一开始成员收集的尽是他人不好 的八卦，作者反对这一做法，后来他们把这改为友好专栏，记录下了学生之间的好事，传播了人们的善举。 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“We take along our notebooks and pay extra-close attention to everything happening around us.(我们带着笔记本，格外关注我们周围发生的一切)”以及第二段“Austin read from his notebook: “James either ha

29、s a cold or really bad allergies because hes been sneezing nonstop.” Jessia said, “Jackson is either going through a major growth spurt or getting ready to run a marathon because hes been eating two entire sandwiches for lunch.(奥斯汀从他的笔记本上读到：“詹姆斯不是感冒了就是有非常严重的过敏，因为他一直不停地打 喷嚏。”Jessia 说，“杰克逊要么是正在突然长身体，要

30、么就是正准备跑马拉松，因为他午餐吃了整整两个 三明治。”)可知，项目宣布当天，作者的团队成员为他们的主题收集了信息。故选 D。 【5 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“This gossip-column was making me very uncomfortable.(这个八卦专栏让我很不 舒服)”以及“Dont you think kids will feel embarrassed to have that stuff shared with the school?(你不认为孩子 们和学校分享这些东西会感到尴尬吗？)”可推知，作者对八卦专栏持反对态度。故选 C。 【6 题详解】 词义

31、猜测题。根据画线词上文“Jackson is either going through a major growth”以及后文“or getting ready to run a marathon because hes been eating two entire sandwiches for lunch”可知，Jessia 提到 Jackson 在午餐时吃 了整整两个三明治，说明她想表达的是 Jackson要么是正在突然长身体，要么就是在准备马拉松比赛才吃那 么多的。即画线词意思为“突然增长”。故选 B。 【7 题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第四段中“But this time, we w

32、rote down the good stuff we witnessed. Here are a few snippets from the column we ended up publishing.(但这一次，我们写下了我们看到的好事情。以下是我们最终 发表的专栏中的一些片段)”； 倒数第三段“Katie Myers was spotted picking up other peoples litter and throwing it into the garbage can without even being asked.(有人看到 Katie Myers 自觉把别人的垃圾捡起来扔进

33、了垃圾 桶)”；倒数第二段“Danny Gonzales was seen helping a second-grader get a kickball unstuck from a high-up, hard-to-reach place.(有人看到 Danny Gonzales 帮助一名二年级学生从一个高的、难以够到的地方取出一个 球)”以及最后一段“And Soe Zaleski was overheard very patiently explaining a maths problem to a very grateful somebody.(有人听到 Soe Zaleski 非常耐

34、心地向一个非常感激的人解释一道数学题)”结合文章主要记叙了作 者和小组成员要为校报写一个专栏，一开始成员收集的尽是他人不好的八卦，作者反对这一做法，后来他 们把这改为友好专栏，记录下了学生之间的好事，传播了人们的善举。可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是 号召人们传播人们的善行。故选 A。 C Remember switching the radio channels, hoping a tune you liked would pop out? You never had to listen too long to know youd landed on a hit. Maria Chait, a

35、n auditory cognitive neuroscientist (听觉认知神经学家)at London University, and her team recently studied how quick that reaction is. They started by asking 10 volunteers to name a feel-good, familiar song. Then the researchers selected a second tune that sounded similar but was unfamiliar to the volunteers

36、. They divided both songs into tiny bits each less than a second long and then randomly inserted them into a six and a half minute long track of song pieces. As the pieces played, the scientists measured the volunteers brain activity and monitored changes in pupil, too a sign of excitement. And the

37、researchers found that the listeners pupils widened more rapidly when they heard familiar versus (与.对比)unfamiliar tunes within just a tenth to a third of a second! Familiar tunes also caused a two-step pattern of brain activity where the brain first recognizes something as familiar and then brings b

38、ack more detailed information about it. That pattern was absent for unfamiliar songs. The study does have limitations：it used a small number of songs; it was hard to mask the purpose of the study from the participants; and the control group ended up being primarily international students from Asia s

39、ince they had to be unfamiliar with every single song so their native languages and music backgrounds differed from the experimental group from a European background. Still, for doctors who want to use music as a helpful tool for patients with memory loss, for example, that might be useful in the si

40、tuation, for participants are not required to indicate anything. They just listen passively. Doctors simply have to observe the neural(神经的) fingerprints of hearing that same old song. 8. How did the researchers conduct the study? A. They asked volunteers to sing along. B. They separated songs for co

41、mparison. C. They observed the listeners expressions. D. They took two steps to draw the conclusion. 9. What does the author think of the study? A. It proves to be persuasive. B. It is based on practical theory. C. It needs further research. D. It should use Asian language. 10. What can be inferred

42、from the last paragraph? A. The research is helpful in some medical way. B. Doctors are delighted with the research result. C. Its easy to cure patients with memory loss. D. Patients need treating with music like songs. 11. What is the best title for the passage? A. How Gan We Use Familiar Songs B.

43、Music Is Good for Our Brains C. Familiar Tunes Awake Brains Quickly D. Doctors Practice Musical Treatment 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. C 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究表明熟悉的曲调能迅速唤醒大脑。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。由第一段中的“They started by asking 10 volunteers to name a feel-good, familiar song.”(他们首 先让 10名志愿者说出一首感觉良好、 熟悉的歌曲。 )和第二段

44、中的“Then the researchers selected a second tune that sounded similar but was unfamiliar to the volunteers.”(然后，研究人员选择了第二个听起来相似但志愿者 不熟悉的曲调。)，可知研究人员用两首不同的歌对志愿者进行前后研究，说明研究人员把歌曲分开比较。 故选 B项。 【9 题详解】 推理判断题。由第三段“The study does have limitations：it used a small number of songs; it was hard to mask the purpose

45、 of the study from the participants; and the control group ended up being primarily international students from Asia since they had to be unfamiliar with every single song so their native languages and music backgrounds differed from the experimental group from a European background.”(这项研究确实有局限性：它 使

46、用了少量的歌曲；很难对参与者隐瞒研究的目的；而对照组最终主要是来自亚洲的留学生因为他们 必须对每一首歌都不熟悉因此他们的母语和音乐背景与来自欧洲背景的实验组有所不同。)，可知作者 认为此项研究具有局限性，实验歌曲和参与者少，可得出作者认为这需要进一步的研究。故选 C项。 【10 题详解】 推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Still, for doctors who want to use music as a helpful tool for patients with memory loss, for example, that might be useful in the situation,

47、 for participants are not required to indicate anything.”(不过， 对于那些想把音乐作为记忆丧失患者的有用工具的医生来说，这在这种情况下可能是有用的，因为参与者 不需要指出任何东西。)，可知对医生来说，音乐是记忆丧失患者的有用工具，此项研究是有用的，可得出 这项研究在医学上有帮助。故选 A 项。 【11 题详解】 主旨大意题。第一段讲“伦敦大学的听觉认知神经科学家 MariaChait 和她的团队最近研究人们对熟悉的曲 调的反应速度有多快”，第二段讲“研究的过程和结果(发现人们对熟悉的曲调更兴奋，熟悉的曲调能带回 更详细的信息，不熟悉的歌

48、曲没有这种模式)”，第三段讲“此项研究的局限性”，第四段讲“这项研究在 医学上有所帮助”，可知本文主要讲一项针对“人们对熟悉的曲调的反应速度有多快”的科学研究，C 项 “熟悉的曲调能迅速唤醒大脑”为短文最佳标题。故选 C项。 D Ramen noodles have been a go-to food for students for decades. After all, they only take eight minutes to cook in a dorm hotpot and are easy on the budget. Holly Grounds, a recent project design graduate who used to eat a lot of ramen noodles when she studied, started thinking that the packaging of a product shouldnt take decades or more to break down. Thats why she decided to make eatable wrappers (包装材料) for noodles, avoiding the need for plastic. Grounds wanted to pr