江苏省苏州市2021年中考英语试题（解析版）

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1、 2021 年苏州市初中毕业暨升学考试年苏州市初中毕业暨升学考试英语英语试卷试卷 第一部分第一部分 单项填空（共单项填空（共 10 小题小题;每小题每小题 1分分, 满分满分 10 分）分） 请认真阅读下面各题请认真阅读下面各题, 从题中所给的从题中所给的 A, B、C、D 四个选项中四个选项中, 选出最佳选项选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上并在答题卡上 将该项涂黑。将该项涂黑。 1. Football fans are often called the “12th man” because of their influence _ a team A. to B. from C. on D. at

2、 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：足球迷通常被称为“第 12 人”，因为他们对一个球队的影响。 考查介词。to 朝；from 从；on 在上；at 在点时；结合空格后的“a team”可知，此处是 influence on“对的影响”，是固定短语，后接影响的对象，故选 C。 2. According to the new traffic rules, people _ wear a helmet when riding an e-bike. A. might B. may C. can D. must 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：根据新的交通规则，人们骑电动车时必须戴头盔。 考查情

3、态动词。might 可能；may 可能；can 能够；must 必须；根据“According to the new traffic rules”及语境 可知，此处表达的是必须，指人们必须戴头盔，故选 D。 3. I know how busy you are and naturally I wouldnt take _ too much of your time. A. off B. up C. on D. down 【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】句意：我知道你很忙，自然我不会占用你太多时间。 考查动词短语辨析。take off 起飞，脱下；take up 占据，开始从事；take

4、 on 迎接；take down 记下。根据“too much of your time”可知，是占用时间，故选 B。 4. Peter has _ memory and often forgets the names of people around him. A. long B. good C. rich D. poor 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：彼得记忆力差，经常忘记周围人的名字。 考查形容词辨析。long 长的；good 好的；rich 富有的；poor 贫乏的；根据“often forgets the names of people around him”可知，他的记忆力不

5、好，故选 D。 5. The gravity on Mars is only about there eighths of _ on the Earth. A. that B. those C. one D. ones 【答案】A 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】句意：火星的引力只有地球的八分之一。 考查代词辨析。that特指的名词与前面的名词只是同一类，但并非同一个，即同名异物，相当于 the+名词； those 是 that的复数形式，只能代替可数名词复数；one 泛指与前面的名词同类的另一事物，即同名异物，相 当于 a/an+名词；ones 是 one 的复数形式。本句中“The gravi

6、ty”是单数形式，且是“the+名词”结构，故代 词应用 that。故选 A。 6. The documentary A Plastic Ocean is so impressive that I _ it several times so far. A. watched B. watch C. have watched D. will watch 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：纪录片塑料海洋令人印象深刻，到目前为止我已经看过好几次了。 考查现在完成时。根据“so far”可知，此处用现在完成时，结构为 have/has+动词过去分词，主语为 I，助动 词用 have。故选 C。 7.

7、During our holidays we should avoid _ up at night and oversleeping in the morning. A. stay B. to stay C. stayed D. staying 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：在我们的假期，我们应该避免熬夜和早上睡过头。 考查动名词作宾语。avoid doing sth 避免做某事，使用动名词作宾语，故选 D。 8. Now teenagers _ to do voluntary work for their local commodities. A. are encouraged B.

8、were encouraged C. have encouraged D. are encouraging 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：现在鼓励青少年为当地的商品做义工。 考查被动语态。句子主语 teenagers 与动词之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，排除 C/D 选项；陈述事实用一 般现在时的被动，结构是“am/is/are+done”，故选 A。 9. Amy, I wonder _ in the street when I come to pick you up. Well, theres a big tree by the front gate and its covered

9、in lovely white flowers at the moment. A. how will I find your house B. how I will find your house C. when I will find your house D. when will I find your house 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：艾米，我不知道我来接你的时候怎么在街上找到你的房子。嗯，前门有棵大树，现 在开满了可爱的白花。 考查宾语从句。 根据“宾语从句要用陈述句语序”的原则， 排除 A 和 D 选项； 根据回答“theres a big tree by the fr

10、ont gate and its covered in lovely white flowers at the moment.”可知，这里应该是问如何找到，应用 how 引 导宾语从句，故选 B。 10. Hi, Jack! Im just going to the practice for the concert. Are you coming to play your violin? _, Carl. I have to finish my report today. A. Youd better not B. It doesnt matter C. Im afraid not D. Do

11、nt worry 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：嗨，杰克！我正好去参加音乐会的排练。你要来拉小提琴吗？恐怕不行，卡尔。我 今天必须完成我的报告。 考查情景交际。Youd better not 你最好不要；It doesnt matter 不要紧；Im afraid not 恐怕不行；Dont worry 别担心。根据“I have to finish my report today.”可知，此处表示拒绝，故选 C。 第二部分第二部分 完形填空（共完形填空（共 10 小题小题;每小题每小题 1 分分, 满分满分 10 分）分） 请认真阅读下面短文请认真阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的从短

12、文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中四个选项中, 选出最佳选项选出最佳选项, 并在答并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。题卡上将该项涂黑。 When she was very young Severn Cullis-Suzuki learned that the United Nations Assembly（大会）was going to meet in Brazil, Severn _11_ that she wanted not only to go there but also to say something. She started to raise money for the _12

13、_ and when she was 12, she had enough for the 11, 000-kilometre journey. Severn was sure that she had _13_ to say, and when she made her five-minute speech _14_ the UN Assembly, she tried very hard to make a difference. She talked about _15_ problems like pollution and the hunting of animals. She al

14、so talked about the _16_ of children in many parts of the world, especially poor children who dont have enough to eat. She compared them with children in richer countries who have more than they need and throw things _17_. Severns questions were a challenge to the worlds leadersquestions about why t

15、he grown-ups who _18_ the world dont take more care of it and of the people who live in it. Many people who heard her speech were crying at the end, and everyone _19_ with thunderous applause （掌声）when she finished. Severn showed that young people can make a difference _20_ theyre brave enough to bel

16、ieve in themselves. Who knows? Perhaps you could be another Severn. 11. A. refused B. decided C. regretted D. doubted 12. A. game B. course C. party D. trip 13. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 14. A. from B. with C. to D. by 15. A. environmental B. physical C. educational D. medica

17、l 16. A. location B. vacation C. situation D. communication 17. A. on B. up C. over D. away 18. A. run B. hold C. miss D. stop 19. A. broke up B. grew up C. stood up D. gave up 20. A. unless B. if C. whether D. though 【答案】11. B 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. A 16. C 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. B 【解析】 【分析】本文主要讲述了 S

18、evern 在联合国大会上向领导者提出的一些尖锐且实际的问题，让这些领导者反 思，为什么掌管世界的成年人不更加关心世界和生活在世界上的人们。Severn 向年轻人展示的是只要足够 勇敢，足够自信，就可以做出改变。 【11 题详解】 句意：Severn 决定她想要的不仅是去那里，而且想说些什么。 refused 拒绝；decided 决定；regretted 遗憾；doubted 怀疑。根据“she wanted not only to go there but also to say something”可知，她不但决定要去，还要说些什么，故选 B。 【12 题详解】 句意：2 岁时，她开始为

19、这次旅行筹集资金。 game 游戏； course 课程； party 派对； trip 旅行。 根据“she had enough for the 11, 000-kilometre journey”可知， 是为这次旅行筹钱，故选 D。 【13 题详解】 句意：Severn 确信她有话要说。 something 某件事；anything 任何事；nothing 没什么事；everything 一切。根据“but also to say something”可 知，她想说点东西，故选 A。 【14 题详解】 句意：当她在联合国大会上做五分钟的演讲时，她很努力地想改变现状。 from 从；wit

20、h 伴随；to 到；by 通过。根据“speech the UN Assembly”可知，此处表示联合国大会上的演讲， 用 the speech to 表示“的演讲”，故选 C。 【15 题详解】 句意：她谈到了环境问题，比如污染和猎杀动物。 environmental 环境的；physical 物理的；educational 有教育意义的；medical 医学的。根据“like pollution”可 知，此处指环境污染问题，故选 A。 【16 题详解】 句意：她还谈到了世界许多地区儿童的状况。 location 位置； vacation 假期； situation 情况； communic

21、ation 交流。 根据“especially poor children who dont have enough to eat”可知，谈到了贫困地区儿童的情况，故选 C。 【17 题详解】 句意：她将这些孩子与富裕国家的孩子进行比较，后者拥有的东西比他们需要的多，然后扔掉。 on 在上；up 向上；over 超过；away 离开。固定搭配：throw away“扔掉”，故选 D。 【18 题详解】 句意： Severn 的问题是对世界领导人的挑战为什么掌管世界的成年人不更加关心世界和生活在世界上的 人们。 run 管理；hold 握着；miss 错过；stop 停止。根据“the grow

22、n-ups whothe world”可知，此处指管理世界的 成年人，故选 A。 【19 题详解】 句意：当她讲完时，大家都站起来报以雷鸣般的掌声。 broke up 打碎；grew up 生长；stood up 站起来；gave up 放弃。根据“with thunderous applause”可知，是激 动地站起来鼓掌，故选 C。 【20 题详解】 句意：Severn 向我们展示了年轻人可以做出改变，只要他们足够勇敢，相信自己。 unless 除非；if 如果；whether 是否；though 尽管。“Severn showed that young people can make a

23、 difference” 与“theyre brave enough to believe in themselves”是条件关系，如果足够勇敢，就可以做出改变，用 if 引导条 件状语从句，故选 B。 第三部分第三部分 阅读理解（共阅读理解（共 12 小题小题;每小题每小题 2 分分, 满分满分 24分）分） 请认真阅读下面短文请认真阅读下面短文. 从短文后各题所给的从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中四个选项中, 选出最佳选顶选出最佳选顶, 并在答并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。题卡上将该项涂黑。 A On the bottom of most plastic packaging （包

24、装） , theres a small triangle （三角） with a letter or a number written inside. These little symbols are not easy to be noticed, but are really important. They tell you what kind of plastic it is and whether it can be recycled or not. Can it be recycled? Types of Plastic Pet This is the plastic that you

25、 often see on supermarket shelves! Its used to make plastic water bottles and biscuit boxes. HDPE HDPE is a stronger type of plastic. It is what milk bottles are made of. LDPE LDPE is a very soft plastic which is not easily broken. It is what shopping bags are made of. PS (POLYSTYRENE This plastic i

26、s often seen in our daily life. Youll probably have seen it as those cheap white cups you get hot drinks in, or as takeaway food packaging. 21. Which is a stronger type of plastic? A. PET B. HDPE C. LDPE D. PS 22. Which of the following uses PET plastic? A. Milk bottles. B. Hot drink white cups. C.

27、Drinking water bottles. D. Takeaway food packaging. 23. What is the purpose of this article? A. To introduce types of plastic. B. To display reusable items. C. To explain recycling methods. D. To recommend shopping bags. 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 【解析】 【分析】文章介绍了几种不同类型的塑料，包括它们常被用于制作什么以及是否可以回收利用等。 【21 题详解】

28、 细节理解题。根据“HDPE is a stronger type of plastic.”可知，HDPE 是一种强度更大的塑料，故选 B。 【22 题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Pet This is the plastic that you often see on supermarket shelves! Its used to make plastic water bottles and biscuit boxes.”可知，Pet 类的塑料被用来制作塑料水瓶和饼干盒。故选 C。 【23 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据“They tell you what kind of plastic it

29、 is and whether it can be recycled or not.”以及下文的介绍 可知，文章主要是介绍几种塑料的类型，故选 A。 B Chinese is mainly divided into 13 dialects（方言）and these dialects can be further divided into many kinds of local dialects. Putonghua (or Mandarin) the predominant dialect, is spoken by over 70% of the population and is one

30、of the 6 official languages of the United Nations. Within these large dialect groups, there are small groups, many of which are difficult to understand. In Fujian, for example, people living 10 kilometres away from one another can be speaking different Min dialects. Putonghua. It is the mother diale

31、ct of Chinese living in northern China and Sichuan Province. It is called Guoyu in some parts of China, like Hong Kong, Macao（澳门）and Taiwan. It is known in English as Mandarin Chinese, or Standard Chinese. Wu. Spoken in Shanghai, most of Zhejiang and the southern parts of Jiangsu and Anhui. Wu is ma

32、de up of hundreds of different of spoken forms. Hakka/Kejia. Hakka is widely spoken in Fujian, Taiwan, and some countries in Southeast Asia. Min. It is spoken in Fujian, Taiwan, and Southeast Asia. Min group is the most diverse（多样的）, with many different spoken forms used in neighbouring countries. Y

33、ue. It is spoken in Guangdong, Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, all over Southeast Asia and by many Chinese living abroad. 24. What does the underlined word “predominant” mean? A. More beautiful. B. More special. C. More interesting. D. More common. 25. What do you know about Putonghua after reading this p

34、assage? A. It is used by a small group of people in China. B. It is spoken only by people in Mainland China. C. It is included in the official languages of the United Nations. D. It is the mother dialect of people living in southern China. 26. Based on he passage, which of the following is true? A.

35、Most people in Anhui speak Kejia. B. Wu is the local dialect of Shanghai. C. Yue has the most different spoken forms. D. Most people in Hong Kong speak Min. 【答案】24. D 25. C 26. B 【解析】 【分析】本文主要介绍了中国的不同方言。 【24 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据“is spoken by over 70% of the population and is one of the 6 official languages

36、 of the United Nations”可知，70%以上的人口说普通话，普通话还是联合国六种官方语言之一，可以猜测“predominant”的 意思是“更普遍的，更常见的”。故选 D。 【25 题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Putonghua (or Mandarin) the predominant dialect, is spoken by over 70% of the population and is one of the 6 official languages of the United Nations.”可知， 普通话是联合国六种官方语言之一。 故选 C。 【26 题详解】

37、 推理判断题。 根据“Wu. Spoken in Shanghai, most of Zhejiang and the southern parts of Jiangsu and Anhui.”可知， 吴语是上海的方言，B 选项表述正确。故选 B。 C Resting my head on Helens shoulder, I put my arms round her waist（腰）. She drew me to her, and we rested in silence. We had not sat long before another person came in. Some h

38、eavy clouds, swept from the sky by a rising wind, had left he moon bright; and her light, coming in through a window near, shone full both on us and on the coming person, Miss Temple. “I came on purpose to find you. Jane Eyre,” said she. “I want you in my room, and as Helen Burs is with you, she may

39、 come too.” We followed Miss Temple to her apartment. It had a good fire, and looked cheerful. Miss Temple told Helen Burns to be seated in a low arm-chair on one side of the fire place, and herself asking another, she called me to her side. “Is it all over?” she asked. looking down at my face. “Hav

40、e you cried your sadness away?” “I am afraid I never shall do that.” “Why?” “Because I have been wrongly accused（指责）, and you and everybody else, will now think me a bad girl.” “We shall think you what you prove yourself to be, my child. Continue to act as a good girl, and you will satisfy us.” “Sha

41、ll I, Miss Temple?” “You will.” said Miss Temple, “You have been accused of lying when you were little. Tell us the truth, but add nothing and exaggerate（夸大）nothing.” I made up my mind that I would be most modest and most correct. Having thought for a few minutes about where to start, I told her all

42、 the story of my sad childhood. 27. Which of the following words best describes Miss Temple in the passage? A. Dishonest. B. Impatient. C. Caring. D. Humorous. 28. What does the underlined paragraph imply（暗示）? A. Miss Temple was going to punish Jane. B. Helen would rather leave Jane alone. C. Nothin

43、g could make Jane happy again. D. Janes luck might change for the better. 29. According to the passage, which of the following is true about Jane? A. She chose to trust Miss Temple. B. She didnt mind being accused. C. She made up her childhood story. D. She once behaved as a bad girl. 【答案】27. C 28.

44、D 29. A 【解析】 【分析】文章讲述了 Miss Temple 与作者之间的一番谈论。Miss Temple 告诉作者要证明自己不是个坏女孩， 作者最后决定做一个最谦虚、最正确的人，告诉了 Miss Temple 她的悲惨童年的故事。 【27 题详解】 推理判断题。根据“We followed Miss Temple to her apartment.Tell us the truth, but add nothing and exaggerate （夸大）nothing.” ”可知，Miss Temple 是一个乐于助人，关心他人的人，故选 C。 【28 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文中

45、划线部分可知，通过周围景色的描述以及 Miss Temple 的出现可以推断出，在 Miss Temple 的说服下，Jane 可能会有些改变，Jane 的运气可能从此会变好，故选 D。 【29 题详解】 推理判断题。根据“I made up my mind that I would be most modest and most correct. Having thought for a few minutes about where to start, I told her all the story of my sad childhood.”可知，作者最后决定做一个最谦虚、 最正确的人，

46、告诉了 Miss Temple 她的悲惨童年的故事，说明她最终选择相信 Miss Temple，故选 A。 D Everybody has a brain, but not many people know how the brain works. Some people believe that the brain is like the hard disk of a computer. We use it to store filespictures, language (words, texts, sounds) and so on. Others compare the brain t

47、o a huge cupboard with lots of shelves and boxes in it. We put information into these boxes and hope to find it again later. The brain is not A computer disk, And it isnt a cupboard. Look at the picture here. It looks a bit like weeds（杂 草）in a garden, doesnt it? The picture actually shows a childs n

48、eocortexa part of the brain that controls sight and hearing. You can guess what happensmore “weeds” grow as the child gets older. Scientists call these neuronal（神 经元）networks. The networks grow around our neurons. -What makes them grow? Learning! “Learning is brain change,” says Professor James Zull from Case Western University in Cleveland, Ohio, USA. “Without learning, nothing changes in the brain. For every new word you learn in your English lesson, every problem